diff --git a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/export/ExportDomainListsAction.java b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/export/ExportDomainListsAction.java
index 88b4712c9..02223c5ed 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/export/ExportDomainListsAction.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/export/ExportDomainListsAction.java
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 package google.registry.export;
 
 import static com.google.common.base.Verify.verifyNotNull;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.INCLUDE_PENDING_DELETE_DATE_FOR_DOMAINS;
 import static google.registry.model.tld.Tlds.getTldsOfType;
 import static google.registry.persistence.PersistenceModule.TransactionIsolationLevel.TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ;
 import static google.registry.persistence.transaction.TransactionManagerFactory.replicaTm;
@@ -75,7 +76,8 @@ public class ExportDomainListsAction implements Runnable {
         ON d.repo_id = gp.domain_repo_id
         WHERE d.tld = :tld
         AND d.deletion_time > CAST(:now AS timestamptz)
-        ORDER BY d.domain_name""";
+        ORDER BY d.domain_name
+      """;
 
   // This may be a CSV, but it is uses a .txt file extension for back-compatibility
   static final String REGISTERED_DOMAINS_FILENAME_FORMAT = "registered_domains_%s.txt";
@@ -93,10 +95,7 @@ public class ExportDomainListsAction implements Runnable {
     logger.atInfo().log("Exporting domain lists for TLDs %s.", realTlds);
 
     boolean includeDeletionTimes =
-        tm().transact(
-                () ->
-                    FeatureFlag.isActiveNowOrElse(
-                        FeatureFlag.FeatureName.INCLUDE_PENDING_DELETE_DATE_FOR_DOMAINS, false));
+        tm().transact(() -> FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(INCLUDE_PENDING_DELETE_DATE_FOR_DOMAINS));
     realTlds.forEach(
         tld -> {
           List<String> domainsList =
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactCreateFlow.java b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactCreateFlow.java
index a12eca9cc..364ef2f74 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactCreateFlow.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactCreateFlow.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import static google.registry.flows.ResourceFlowUtils.verifyResourceDoesNotExist
 import static google.registry.flows.contact.ContactFlowUtils.validateAsciiPostalInfo;
 import static google.registry.flows.contact.ContactFlowUtils.validateContactAgainstPolicy;
 import static google.registry.model.EppResourceUtils.createRepoId;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
 import static google.registry.persistence.transaction.TransactionManagerFactory.tm;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
@@ -29,8 +30,10 @@ import google.registry.flows.FlowModule.RegistrarId;
 import google.registry.flows.FlowModule.TargetId;
 import google.registry.flows.MutatingFlow;
 import google.registry.flows.annotations.ReportingSpec;
+import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ContactsProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceAlreadyExistsForThisClientException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceCreateContentionException;
+import google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag;
 import google.registry.model.contact.Contact;
 import google.registry.model.contact.ContactCommand.Create;
 import google.registry.model.contact.ContactHistory;
@@ -47,6 +50,7 @@ import org.joda.time.DateTime;
  * An EPP flow that creates a new contact.
  *
  * @error {@link google.registry.flows.FlowUtils.NotLoggedInException}
+ * @error {@link ContactsProhibitedException}
  * @error {@link ResourceAlreadyExistsForThisClientException}
  * @error {@link ResourceCreateContentionException}
  * @error {@link ContactFlowUtils.BadInternationalizedPostalInfoException}
@@ -69,6 +73,9 @@ public final class ContactCreateFlow implements MutatingFlow {
     extensionManager.register(MetadataExtension.class);
     validateRegistrarIsLoggedIn(registrarId);
     extensionManager.validate();
+    if (FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)) {
+      throw new ContactsProhibitedException();
+    }
     Create command = (Create) resourceCommand;
     DateTime now = tm().getTransactionTime();
     verifyResourceDoesNotExist(Contact.class, targetId, now, registrarId);
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactUpdateFlow.java b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactUpdateFlow.java
index 20050d462..afc3c2070 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactUpdateFlow.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactUpdateFlow.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import static google.registry.flows.ResourceFlowUtils.verifyOptionalAuthInfo;
 import static google.registry.flows.ResourceFlowUtils.verifyResourceOwnership;
 import static google.registry.flows.contact.ContactFlowUtils.validateAsciiPostalInfo;
 import static google.registry.flows.contact.ContactFlowUtils.validateContactAgainstPolicy;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
 import static google.registry.model.reporting.HistoryEntry.Type.CONTACT_UPDATE;
 import static google.registry.persistence.transaction.TransactionManagerFactory.tm;
 
@@ -35,7 +36,9 @@ import google.registry.flows.FlowModule.Superuser;
 import google.registry.flows.FlowModule.TargetId;
 import google.registry.flows.MutatingFlow;
 import google.registry.flows.annotations.ReportingSpec;
+import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ContactsProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceHasClientUpdateProhibitedException;
+import google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag;
 import google.registry.model.contact.Contact;
 import google.registry.model.contact.ContactCommand.Update;
 import google.registry.model.contact.ContactCommand.Update.Change;
@@ -55,6 +58,7 @@ import org.joda.time.DateTime;
 /**
  * An EPP flow that updates a contact.
  *
+ * @error {@link ContactsProhibitedException}
  * @error {@link google.registry.flows.FlowUtils.NotLoggedInException}
  * @error {@link google.registry.flows.ResourceFlowUtils.AddRemoveSameValueException}
  * @error {@link google.registry.flows.ResourceFlowUtils.ResourceDoesNotExistException}
@@ -92,6 +96,9 @@ public final class ContactUpdateFlow implements MutatingFlow {
     extensionManager.register(MetadataExtension.class);
     validateRegistrarIsLoggedIn(registrarId);
     extensionManager.validate();
+    if (FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)) {
+      throw new ContactsProhibitedException();
+    }
     Update command = (Update) resourceCommand;
     DateTime now = tm().getTransactionTime();
     Contact existingContact = loadAndVerifyExistence(Contact.class, targetId, now);
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainCreateFlow.java b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainCreateFlow.java
index 088501028..4901ea961 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainCreateFlow.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainCreateFlow.java
@@ -72,7 +72,9 @@ import google.registry.flows.custom.DomainCreateFlowCustomLogic;
 import google.registry.flows.custom.DomainCreateFlowCustomLogic.BeforeResponseParameters;
 import google.registry.flows.custom.DomainCreateFlowCustomLogic.BeforeResponseReturnData;
 import google.registry.flows.custom.EntityChanges;
+import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.RegistrantProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.token.AllocationTokenFlowUtils;
+import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ContactsProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceAlreadyExistsForThisClientException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceCreateContentionException;
 import google.registry.model.ImmutableObject;
@@ -147,6 +149,7 @@ import org.joda.time.Duration;
  * @error {@link DomainCreateFlow.NoGeneralRegistrationsInCurrentPhaseException}
  * @error {@link DomainCreateFlow.NoTrademarkedRegistrationsBeforeSunriseException}
  * @error {@link BulkDomainRegisteredForTooManyYearsException}
+ * @error {@link ContactsProhibitedException}
  * @error {@link DomainCreateFlow.SignedMarksOnlyDuringSunriseException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowTmchUtils.NoMarksFoundMatchingDomainException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowTmchUtils.FoundMarkNotYetValidException}
@@ -194,6 +197,7 @@ import org.joda.time.Duration;
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.NameserversNotSpecifiedForTldWithNameserverAllowListException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.PremiumNameBlockedException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.RegistrantNotAllowedException}
+ * @error {@link RegistrantProhibitedException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.RegistrarMustBeActiveForThisOperationException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.TldDoesNotExistException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.TooManyDsRecordsException}
@@ -244,7 +248,7 @@ public final class DomainCreateFlow implements MutatingFlow {
     verifyResourceDoesNotExist(Domain.class, targetId, now, registrarId);
     // Validate that this is actually a legal domain name on a TLD that the registrar has access to.
     InternetDomainName domainName = validateDomainName(command.getDomainName());
-    String domainLabel = domainName.parts().get(0);
+    String domainLabel = domainName.parts().getFirst();
     Tld tld = Tld.get(domainName.parent().toString());
     validateCreateCommandContactsAndNameservers(command, tld, domainName);
     TldState tldState = tld.getTldState(now);
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainFlowUtils.java b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainFlowUtils.java
index 9011dd823..0740dda5e 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainFlowUtils.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainFlowUtils.java
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import static com.google.common.collect.Sets.intersection;
 import static com.google.common.collect.Sets.union;
 import static google.registry.bsa.persistence.BsaLabelUtils.isLabelBlocked;
 import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL;
-import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.isActiveNow;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
 import static google.registry.model.domain.Domain.MAX_REGISTRATION_YEARS;
 import static google.registry.model.domain.token.AllocationToken.TokenType.REGISTER_BSA;
 import static google.registry.model.tld.Tld.TldState.GENERAL_AVAILABILITY;
@@ -75,11 +75,13 @@ import google.registry.flows.EppException.ParameterValueSyntaxErrorException;
 import google.registry.flows.EppException.RequiredParameterMissingException;
 import google.registry.flows.EppException.StatusProhibitsOperationException;
 import google.registry.flows.EppException.UnimplementedOptionException;
+import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ContactsProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceHasClientUpdateProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.model.EppResource;
 import google.registry.model.billing.BillingBase.Flag;
 import google.registry.model.billing.BillingBase.Reason;
 import google.registry.model.billing.BillingRecurrence;
+import google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag;
 import google.registry.model.contact.Contact;
 import google.registry.model.domain.DesignatedContact;
 import google.registry.model.domain.DesignatedContact.Type;
@@ -478,27 +480,37 @@ public class DomainFlowUtils {
     }
   }
 
-  static void validateRequiredContactsPresentIfRequiredForDataset(
+  /**
+   * Enforces the presence/absence of contact data depending on the minimum data set migration
+   * schedule.
+   */
+  static void validateContactDataPresence(
       Optional<VKey<Contact>> registrant, Set<DesignatedContact> contacts)
-      throws RequiredParameterMissingException {
-    // TODO(b/353347632): Change this flag check to a registry config check.
-    if (isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)) {
-      // Contacts are not required once we have begun the migration to the minimum dataset
-      return;
-    }
-    if (registrant.isEmpty()) {
-      throw new MissingRegistrantException();
-    }
+      throws RequiredParameterMissingException, ParameterValuePolicyErrorException {
+    // TODO(b/353347632): Change these flag checks to a registry config check once minimum data set
+    //                    migration is completed.
+    if (FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)) {
+      if (registrant.isPresent()) {
+        throw new RegistrantProhibitedException();
+      }
+      if (!contacts.isEmpty()) {
+        throw new ContactsProhibitedException();
+      }
+    } else if (!FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)) {
+      if (registrant.isEmpty()) {
+        throw new MissingRegistrantException();
+      }
 
-    Set<Type> roles = new HashSet<>();
-    for (DesignatedContact contact : contacts) {
-      roles.add(contact.getType());
-    }
-    if (!roles.contains(Type.ADMIN)) {
-      throw new MissingAdminContactException();
-    }
-    if (!roles.contains(Type.TECH)) {
-      throw new MissingTechnicalContactException();
+      Set<Type> roles = new HashSet<>();
+      for (DesignatedContact contact : contacts) {
+        roles.add(contact.getType());
+      }
+      if (!roles.contains(Type.ADMIN)) {
+        throw new MissingAdminContactException();
+      }
+      if (!roles.contains(Type.TECH)) {
+        throw new MissingTechnicalContactException();
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -1042,8 +1054,7 @@ public class DomainFlowUtils {
     String tldStr = tld.getTldStr();
     validateRegistrantAllowedOnTld(tldStr, command.getRegistrantContactId());
     validateNoDuplicateContacts(command.getContacts());
-    validateRequiredContactsPresentIfRequiredForDataset(
-        command.getRegistrant(), command.getContacts());
+    validateContactDataPresence(command.getRegistrant(), command.getContacts());
     ImmutableSet<String> hostNames = command.getNameserverHostNames();
     validateNameserversCountForTld(tldStr, domainName, hostNames.size());
     validateNameserversAllowedOnTld(tldStr, hostNames);
@@ -1367,6 +1378,13 @@ public class DomainFlowUtils {
     }
   }
 
+  /** Having a registrant is prohibited by registry policy. */
+  static class RegistrantProhibitedException extends ParameterValuePolicyErrorException {
+    public RegistrantProhibitedException() {
+      super("Having a registrant is prohibited by registry policy");
+    }
+  }
+
   /** Admin contact is required. */
   static class MissingAdminContactException extends RequiredParameterMissingException {
     public MissingAdminContactException() {
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainUpdateFlow.java b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainUpdateFlow.java
index a3363ef86..c7b3600a4 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainUpdateFlow.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainUpdateFlow.java
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import static google.registry.flows.ResourceFlowUtils.verifyResourceOwnership;
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.checkAllowedAccessToTld;
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.cloneAndLinkReferences;
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.updateDsData;
+import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.validateContactDataPresence;
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.validateContactsHaveTypes;
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.validateDsData;
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.validateFeesAckedIfPresent;
@@ -37,11 +38,10 @@ import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.validateNameserversAl
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.validateNameserversCountForTld;
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.validateNoDuplicateContacts;
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.validateRegistrantAllowedOnTld;
-import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.validateRequiredContactsPresentIfRequiredForDataset;
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.verifyClientUpdateNotProhibited;
 import static google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.verifyNotInPendingDelete;
 import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL;
-import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.isActiveNow;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
 import static google.registry.model.reporting.HistoryEntry.Type.DOMAIN_UPDATE;
 import static google.registry.persistence.transaction.TransactionManagerFactory.tm;
 
@@ -64,9 +64,11 @@ import google.registry.flows.custom.DomainUpdateFlowCustomLogic.BeforeSaveParame
 import google.registry.flows.custom.EntityChanges;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.MissingRegistrantException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.NameserversNotSpecifiedForTldWithNameserverAllowListException;
+import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.RegistrantProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.model.ImmutableObject;
 import google.registry.model.billing.BillingBase.Reason;
 import google.registry.model.billing.BillingEvent;
+import google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag;
 import google.registry.model.contact.Contact;
 import google.registry.model.domain.DesignatedContact;
 import google.registry.model.domain.Domain;
@@ -130,6 +132,7 @@ import org.joda.time.DateTime;
  * @error {@link NameserversNotSpecifiedForTldWithNameserverAllowListException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.NotAuthorizedForTldException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.RegistrantNotAllowedException}
+ * @error {@link RegistrantProhibitedException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.SecDnsAllUsageException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.TooManyDsRecordsException}
  * @error {@link DomainFlowUtils.TooManyNameserversException}
@@ -304,11 +307,12 @@ public final class DomainUpdateFlow implements MutatingFlow {
 
   private Optional<VKey<Contact>> determineUpdatedRegistrant(Change change, Domain domain)
       throws EppException {
-    // During phase 1 of minimum dataset transition, allow registrant to be removed
+    // During or after the minimum dataset transition, allow registrant to be removed.
     if (change.getRegistrantContactId().isPresent()
         && change.getRegistrantContactId().get().isEmpty()) {
       // TODO(b/353347632): Change this flag check to a registry config check.
-      if (isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)) {
+      if (FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
+          || FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)) {
         return Optional.empty();
       } else {
         throw new MissingRegistrantException();
@@ -325,8 +329,7 @@ public final class DomainUpdateFlow implements MutatingFlow {
    * cause Domain update failure.
    */
   private static void validateNewState(Domain newDomain) throws EppException {
-    validateRequiredContactsPresentIfRequiredForDataset(
-        newDomain.getRegistrant(), newDomain.getContacts());
+    validateContactDataPresence(newDomain.getRegistrant(), newDomain.getContacts());
     validateDsData(newDomain.getDsData());
     validateNameserversCountForTld(
         newDomain.getTld(),
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/exceptions/ContactsProhibitedException.java b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/exceptions/ContactsProhibitedException.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2132e05f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/flows/exceptions/ContactsProhibitedException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package google.registry.flows.exceptions;
+
+import google.registry.flows.EppException.ParameterValuePolicyErrorException;
+
+/** Having contacts is prohibited by registry policy */
+public class ContactsProhibitedException extends ParameterValuePolicyErrorException {
+  public ContactsProhibitedException() {
+    super("Having contacts is prohibited by registry policy");
+  }
+}
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/model/common/FeatureFlag.java b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/model/common/FeatureFlag.java
index ad901645d..3c96e820b 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/model/common/FeatureFlag.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/model/common/FeatureFlag.java
@@ -62,11 +62,31 @@ public class FeatureFlag extends ImmutableObject implements Buildable {
     INACTIVE
   }
 
+  /** The names of the feature flags that can be individually set. */
   public enum FeatureName {
-    TEST_FEATURE,
-    MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL,
-    MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED,
-    INCLUDE_PENDING_DELETE_DATE_FOR_DOMAINS
+    /** Feature flag name used for testing only. */
+    TEST_FEATURE(FeatureStatus.INACTIVE),
+
+    /** If we're not requiring the presence of contact data on domain EPP commands. */
+    MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL(FeatureStatus.INACTIVE),
+
+    /** If we're not permitting the presence of contact data on any EPP commands. */
+    MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED(FeatureStatus.INACTIVE),
+
+    /**
+     * If we're including the upcoming domain drop date in the exported list of registered domains.
+     */
+    INCLUDE_PENDING_DELETE_DATE_FOR_DOMAINS(FeatureStatus.INACTIVE);
+
+    private final FeatureStatus defaultStatus;
+
+    FeatureName(FeatureStatus defaultStatus) {
+      this.defaultStatus = defaultStatus;
+    }
+
+    FeatureStatus getDefaultStatus() {
+      return this.defaultStatus;
+    }
   }
 
   /** The name of the flag/feature. */
@@ -155,24 +175,24 @@ public class FeatureFlag extends ImmutableObject implements Buildable {
     return status.getValueAtTime(time);
   }
 
-  /** Returns if the flag is active, or the default value if the flag does not exist. */
-  public static boolean isActiveNowOrElse(FeatureName featureName, boolean defaultValue) {
-    tm().assertInTransaction();
-    return CACHE
-        .get(featureName)
-        .map(flag -> flag.getStatus(tm().getTransactionTime()).equals(ACTIVE))
-        .orElse(defaultValue);
-  }
-
-  /** Returns if the FeatureFlag with the given FeatureName is active now. */
+  /**
+   * Returns whether the flag is active now, or else the flag's default value if it doesn't exist.
+   */
   public static boolean isActiveNow(FeatureName featureName) {
     tm().assertInTransaction();
     return isActiveAt(featureName, tm().getTransactionTime());
   }
 
-  /** Returns if the FeatureFlag with the given FeatureName is active at a given time. */
+  /**
+   * Returns whether the flag is active at the given time, or else the flag's default value if it
+   * doesn't exist.
+   */
   public static boolean isActiveAt(FeatureName featureName, DateTime dateTime) {
-    return FeatureFlag.get(featureName).getStatus(dateTime).equals(ACTIVE);
+    tm().assertInTransaction();
+    return CACHE
+        .get(featureName)
+        .map(flag -> flag.getStatus(dateTime).equals(ACTIVE))
+        .orElse(featureName.getDefaultStatus().equals(ACTIVE));
   }
 
   @Override
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/tools/CreateDomainCommand.java b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/tools/CreateDomainCommand.java
index dc408f0cf..c3085f034 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/tools/CreateDomainCommand.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/tools/CreateDomainCommand.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ package google.registry.tools;
 
 import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
 import static com.google.common.base.Strings.isNullOrEmpty;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
 import static google.registry.persistence.transaction.TransactionManagerFactory.tm;
 import static google.registry.pricing.PricingEngineProxy.getPricesForDomainName;
 import static google.registry.util.PreconditionsUtils.checkArgumentNotNull;
@@ -62,8 +64,8 @@ final class CreateDomainCommand extends CreateOrUpdateDomainCommand {
   protected void initMutatingEppToolCommand() {
     tm().transact(
             () -> {
-              if (!FeatureFlag.isActiveNowOrElse(
-                  FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL, false)) {
+              if (!FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
+                  && !FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)) {
                 checkArgumentNotNull(registrant, "Registrant must be specified");
                 checkArgument(!admins.isEmpty(), "At least one admin must be specified");
                 checkArgument(!techs.isEmpty(), "At least one tech must be specified");
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactCreateFlowTest.java b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactCreateFlowTest.java
index bc758d63f..4b2232b4c 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactCreateFlowTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactCreateFlowTest.java
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@
 package google.registry.flows.contact;
 
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureStatus.ACTIVE;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureStatus.INACTIVE;
 import static google.registry.testing.ContactSubject.assertAboutContacts;
 import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.assertNoBillingEvents;
 import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.newContact;
@@ -22,15 +25,19 @@ import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.persistActiveContact;
 import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.persistDeletedContact;
 import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.persistResource;
 import static google.registry.testing.EppExceptionSubject.assertAboutEppExceptions;
+import static google.registry.util.DateTimeUtils.START_OF_TIME;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSortedMap;
 import google.registry.flows.EppException;
 import google.registry.flows.FlowUtils.NotLoggedInException;
 import google.registry.flows.ResourceFlowTestCase;
 import google.registry.flows.contact.ContactFlowUtils.BadInternationalizedPostalInfoException;
 import google.registry.flows.contact.ContactFlowUtils.DeclineContactDisclosureFieldDisallowedPolicyException;
+import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ContactsProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceAlreadyExistsForThisClientException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceCreateContentionException;
+import google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag;
 import google.registry.model.contact.Contact;
 import org.joda.time.DateTime;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
@@ -89,6 +96,18 @@ class ContactCreateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<ContactCreateFlow, Cont
     assertAboutEppExceptions().that(thrown).marshalsToXml();
   }
 
+  @Test
+  void testFailure_minimumDatasetPhase2_cannotCreateContacts() throws Exception {
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(
+                ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    EppException thrown = assertThrows(ContactsProhibitedException.class, this::runFlow);
+    assertAboutEppExceptions().that(thrown).marshalsToXml();
+  }
+
   @Test
   void testFailure_resourceContention() throws Exception {
     String targetId = getUniqueIdFromCommand();
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactUpdateFlowTest.java b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactUpdateFlowTest.java
index 268130c24..81b92eced 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactUpdateFlowTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/contact/ContactUpdateFlowTest.java
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@
 package google.registry.flows.contact;
 
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureStatus.ACTIVE;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureStatus.INACTIVE;
 import static google.registry.testing.ContactSubject.assertAboutContacts;
 import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.assertNoBillingEvents;
 import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.newContact;
@@ -22,10 +25,12 @@ import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.persistActiveContact;
 import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.persistDeletedContact;
 import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.persistResource;
 import static google.registry.testing.EppExceptionSubject.assertAboutEppExceptions;
+import static google.registry.util.DateTimeUtils.START_OF_TIME;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSortedMap;
 import google.registry.flows.EppException;
 import google.registry.flows.FlowUtils.NotLoggedInException;
 import google.registry.flows.ResourceFlowTestCase;
@@ -35,8 +40,10 @@ import google.registry.flows.ResourceFlowUtils.ResourceNotOwnedException;
 import google.registry.flows.ResourceFlowUtils.StatusNotClientSettableException;
 import google.registry.flows.contact.ContactFlowUtils.BadInternationalizedPostalInfoException;
 import google.registry.flows.contact.ContactFlowUtils.DeclineContactDisclosureFieldDisallowedPolicyException;
+import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ContactsProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceHasClientUpdateProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceStatusProhibitsOperationException;
+import google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag;
 import google.registry.model.contact.Contact;
 import google.registry.model.contact.ContactAddress;
 import google.registry.model.contact.PostalInfo;
@@ -86,6 +93,18 @@ class ContactUpdateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<ContactUpdateFlow, Cont
     doSuccessfulTest();
   }
 
+  @Test
+  void testFailure_minimumDatasetPhase2_cannotUpdateContacts() throws Exception {
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(
+                ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    EppException thrown = assertThrows(ContactsProhibitedException.class, this::runFlow);
+    assertAboutEppExceptions().that(thrown).marshalsToXml();
+  }
+
   @Test
   void testSuccess_updatingInternationalizedPostalInfoDeletesLocalized() throws Exception {
     Contact contact =
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainCreateFlowTest.java b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainCreateFlowTest.java
index a49d97f57..eda83aa1e 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainCreateFlowTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainCreateFlowTest.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import static google.registry.model.billing.BillingBase.Flag.SUNRISE;
 import static google.registry.model.billing.BillingBase.RenewalPriceBehavior.NONPREMIUM;
 import static google.registry.model.billing.BillingBase.RenewalPriceBehavior.SPECIFIED;
 import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
 import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureStatus.ACTIVE;
 import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureStatus.INACTIVE;
 import static google.registry.model.domain.fee.Fee.FEE_EXTENSION_URIS;
@@ -133,6 +134,7 @@ import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.NameserversNotSpecifiedForTl
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.NotAuthorizedForTldException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.PremiumNameBlockedException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.RegistrantNotAllowedException;
+import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.RegistrantProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.RegistrarMustBeActiveForThisOperationException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.TldDoesNotExistException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.TooManyDsRecordsException;
@@ -145,6 +147,7 @@ import google.registry.flows.domain.token.AllocationTokenFlowUtils.AllocationTok
 import google.registry.flows.domain.token.AllocationTokenFlowUtils.AllocationTokenNotValidForRegistrarException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.token.AllocationTokenFlowUtils.AlreadyRedeemedAllocationTokenException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.token.AllocationTokenFlowUtils.NonexistentAllocationTokenException;
+import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ContactsProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.OnlyToolCanPassMetadataException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceAlreadyExistsForThisClientException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceCreateContentionException;
@@ -247,12 +250,6 @@ class DomainCreateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainCreateFlow, Domain
                     "badcrash,NAME_COLLISION"),
                 persistReservedList("global-list", "resdom,FULLY_BLOCKED"))
             .build());
-    persistResource(
-        new FeatureFlag()
-            .asBuilder()
-            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
-            .setStatusMap(ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE))
-            .build());
     persistClaimsList(ImmutableMap.of("example-one", CLAIMS_KEY, "test-validate", CLAIMS_KEY));
   }
 
@@ -2104,8 +2101,8 @@ class DomainCreateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainCreateFlow, Domain
   @Test
   void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase1_missingRegistrant() throws Exception {
     persistResource(
-        FeatureFlag.get(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
-            .asBuilder()
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
             .setStatusMap(
                 ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
             .build());
@@ -2115,6 +2112,20 @@ class DomainCreateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainCreateFlow, Domain
         loadFile("domain_create_response.xml", ImmutableMap.of("DOMAIN", "example.tld")));
   }
 
+  @Test
+  void testFailure_minimumDatasetPhase2_noRegistrantButSomeOtherContactTypes() throws Exception {
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(
+                ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    setEppInput("domain_create_missing_registrant.xml");
+    persistContactsAndHosts();
+    EppException thrown = assertThrows(ContactsProhibitedException.class, this::runFlow);
+    assertAboutEppExceptions().that(thrown).marshalsToXml();
+  }
+
   @Test
   void testFailure_missingAdmin() {
     setEppInput("domain_create_missing_admin.xml");
@@ -2126,8 +2137,8 @@ class DomainCreateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainCreateFlow, Domain
   @Test
   void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase1_missingAdmin() throws Exception {
     persistResource(
-        FeatureFlag.get(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
-            .asBuilder()
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
             .setStatusMap(
                 ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
             .build());
@@ -2137,6 +2148,20 @@ class DomainCreateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainCreateFlow, Domain
         loadFile("domain_create_response.xml", ImmutableMap.of("DOMAIN", "example.tld")));
   }
 
+  @Test
+  void testFailure_minimumDatasetPhase2_registrantAndOtherContactsSent() throws Exception {
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(
+                ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    setEppInput("domain_create_missing_admin.xml");
+    persistContactsAndHosts();
+    EppException thrown = assertThrows(RegistrantProhibitedException.class, this::runFlow);
+    assertAboutEppExceptions().that(thrown).marshalsToXml();
+  }
+
   @Test
   void testFailure_missingTech() {
     setEppInput("domain_create_missing_tech.xml");
@@ -2148,8 +2173,8 @@ class DomainCreateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainCreateFlow, Domain
   @Test
   void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase1_missingTech() throws Exception {
     persistResource(
-        FeatureFlag.get(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
-            .asBuilder()
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
             .setStatusMap(
                 ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
             .build());
@@ -2170,8 +2195,8 @@ class DomainCreateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainCreateFlow, Domain
   @Test
   void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase1_missingNonRegistrantContacts() throws Exception {
     persistResource(
-        FeatureFlag.get(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
-            .asBuilder()
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
             .setStatusMap(
                 ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
             .build());
@@ -2181,6 +2206,34 @@ class DomainCreateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainCreateFlow, Domain
         loadFile("domain_create_response.xml", ImmutableMap.of("DOMAIN", "example.tld")));
   }
 
+  @Test
+  void testFailure_minimumDatasetPhase2_registrantNotPermitted() throws Exception {
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(
+                ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    setEppInput("domain_create_missing_non_registrant_contacts.xml");
+    persistContactsAndHosts();
+    EppException thrown = assertThrows(RegistrantProhibitedException.class, this::runFlow);
+    assertAboutEppExceptions().that(thrown).marshalsToXml();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase2_noContactsWhatsoever() throws Exception {
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(
+                ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    setEppInput("domain_create_no_contacts.xml");
+    persistContactsAndHosts();
+    runFlowAssertResponse(
+        loadFile("domain_create_response.xml", ImmutableMap.of("DOMAIN", "example.tld")));
+  }
+
   @Test
   void testFailure_badIdn() {
     createTld("xn--q9jyb4c");
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainUpdateFlowTest.java b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainUpdateFlowTest.java
index e1ee7aa2b..ed6618942 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainUpdateFlowTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/flows/domain/DomainUpdateFlowTest.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 import static google.registry.model.EppResourceUtils.loadByForeignKey;
 import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
 import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureStatus.ACTIVE;
 import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureStatus.INACTIVE;
 import static google.registry.model.eppcommon.StatusValue.CLIENT_DELETE_PROHIBITED;
@@ -89,10 +90,12 @@ import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.NameserversNotAllowedForTldE
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.NameserversNotSpecifiedForTldWithNameserverAllowListException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.NotAuthorizedForTldException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.RegistrantNotAllowedException;
+import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.RegistrantProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.SecDnsAllUsageException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.TooManyDsRecordsException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.TooManyNameserversException;
 import google.registry.flows.domain.DomainFlowUtils.UrgentAttributeNotSupportedException;
+import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ContactsProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.OnlyToolCanPassMetadataException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceHasClientUpdateProhibitedException;
 import google.registry.flows.exceptions.ResourceStatusProhibitsOperationException;
@@ -146,12 +149,6 @@ class DomainUpdateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainUpdateFlow, Domain
     createTld("tld");
     // Note that "domain_update.xml" tests adding and removing the same contact type.
     setEppInput("domain_update.xml");
-    persistResource(
-        new FeatureFlag()
-            .asBuilder()
-            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
-            .setStatusMap(ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE))
-            .build());
   }
 
   private void persistReferencedEntities() {
@@ -336,8 +333,8 @@ class DomainUpdateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainUpdateFlow, Domain
   @Test
   void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase1_emptyRegistrant() throws Exception {
     persistResource(
-        FeatureFlag.get(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
-            .asBuilder()
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
             .setStatusMap(
                 ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
             .build());
@@ -348,6 +345,24 @@ class DomainUpdateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainUpdateFlow, Domain
     assertThat(reloadResourceByForeignKey().getRegistrant()).isEmpty();
   }
 
+  @Test
+  void testFailure_minimumDatasetPhase2_nonRegistrantContactsStillExist() throws Exception {
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(
+                ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    setEppInput("domain_update_empty_registrant.xml");
+    persistReferencedEntities();
+    persistDomain();
+    // Fails because after the update the domain would still have some contacts on it even though
+    // the registrant has been removed.
+    ContactsProhibitedException thrown =
+        assertThrows(ContactsProhibitedException.class, this::runFlow);
+    assertAboutEppExceptions().that(thrown).marshalsToXml();
+  }
+
   private void modifyDomainToHave13Nameservers() throws Exception {
     ImmutableSet.Builder<VKey<Host>> nameservers = new ImmutableSet.Builder<>();
     for (int i = 1; i < 15; i++) {
@@ -1540,8 +1555,8 @@ class DomainUpdateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainUpdateFlow, Domain
   @Test
   void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase1_removeAdmin() throws Exception {
     persistResource(
-        FeatureFlag.get(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
-            .asBuilder()
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
             .setStatusMap(
                 ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
             .build());
@@ -1558,6 +1573,29 @@ class DomainUpdateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainUpdateFlow, Domain
     runFlowAssertResponse(loadFile("generic_success_response.xml"));
   }
 
+  @Test
+  void testFailure_minimumDatasetPhase2_registrantStillExists() throws Exception {
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(
+                ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    setEppInput("domain_update_remove_admin.xml");
+    persistReferencedEntities();
+    persistResource(
+        DatabaseHelper.newDomain(getUniqueIdFromCommand())
+            .asBuilder()
+            .setContacts(
+                ImmutableSet.of(
+                    DesignatedContact.create(Type.ADMIN, sh8013Contact.createVKey()),
+                    DesignatedContact.create(Type.TECH, sh8013Contact.createVKey())))
+            .build());
+    RegistrantProhibitedException thrown =
+        assertThrows(RegistrantProhibitedException.class, this::runFlow);
+    assertAboutEppExceptions().that(thrown).marshalsToXml();
+  }
+
   @Test
   void testFailure_removeTech() throws Exception {
     setEppInput("domain_update_remove_tech.xml");
@@ -1577,8 +1615,8 @@ class DomainUpdateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainUpdateFlow, Domain
   @Test
   void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase1_removeTech() throws Exception {
     persistResource(
-        FeatureFlag.get(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
-            .asBuilder()
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL)
             .setStatusMap(
                 ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
             .build());
@@ -1595,6 +1633,30 @@ class DomainUpdateFlowTest extends ResourceFlowTestCase<DomainUpdateFlow, Domain
     runFlowAssertResponse(loadFile("generic_success_response.xml"));
   }
 
+  @Test
+  void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase2_removeAllContacts() throws Exception {
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(
+                ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, INACTIVE, clock.nowUtc().minusDays(5), ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    setEppInput("domain_update_remove_all_contacts.xml");
+    persistReferencedEntities();
+    persistResource(
+        DatabaseHelper.newDomain(getUniqueIdFromCommand())
+            .asBuilder()
+            .setContacts(
+                ImmutableSet.of(
+                    DesignatedContact.create(Type.ADMIN, sh8013Contact.createVKey()),
+                    DesignatedContact.create(Type.TECH, sh8013Contact.createVKey())))
+            .build());
+    runFlowAssertResponse(loadFile("generic_success_response.xml"));
+    Domain updatedDomain = reloadResourceByForeignKey();
+    assertThat(updatedDomain.getRegistrant()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(updatedDomain.getContacts()).isEmpty();
+  }
+
   @Test
   void testFailure_addPendingDeleteContact() throws Exception {
     persistReferencedEntities();
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/model/common/FeatureFlagTest.java b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/model/common/FeatureFlagTest.java
index e8f5f3ace..58148fd3e 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/model/common/FeatureFlagTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/model/common/FeatureFlagTest.java
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ public class FeatureFlagTest extends EntityTestCase {
     persistResource(featureFlag);
     FeatureFlag flagFromDb = loadByEntity(featureFlag);
     assertThat(featureFlag).isEqualTo(flagFromDb);
+    assertThat(featureFlag.getFeatureName()).isEqualTo(TEST_FEATURE);
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -217,23 +218,12 @@ public class FeatureFlagTest extends EntityTestCase {
             .build());
     tm().transact(
             () -> {
-              assertThat(FeatureFlag.isActiveNowOrElse(TEST_FEATURE, false)).isFalse();
-              assertThat(FeatureFlag.isActiveNowOrElse(TEST_FEATURE, true)).isFalse();
+              assertThat(FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(TEST_FEATURE)).isFalse();
             });
     fakeClock.advanceBy(Duration.standardDays(365));
     tm().transact(
             () -> {
-              assertThat(FeatureFlag.isActiveNowOrElse(TEST_FEATURE, false)).isTrue();
-              assertThat(FeatureFlag.isActiveNowOrElse(TEST_FEATURE, true)).isTrue();
-            });
-  }
-
-  @Test
-  void testSuccess_default_doesNotExist() {
-    tm().transact(
-            () -> {
-              assertThat(FeatureFlag.isActiveNowOrElse(TEST_FEATURE, false)).isFalse();
-              assertThat(FeatureFlag.isActiveNowOrElse(TEST_FEATURE, true)).isTrue();
+              assertThat(FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(TEST_FEATURE)).isTrue();
             });
   }
 }
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/tools/CreateDomainCommandTest.java b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/tools/CreateDomainCommandTest.java
index 000486cae..9da1db398 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/tools/CreateDomainCommandTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/tools/CreateDomainCommandTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ package google.registry.tools;
 
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_OPTIONAL;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
 import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureStatus.ACTIVE;
 import static google.registry.persistence.transaction.TransactionManagerFactory.tm;
 import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.createTld;
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ class CreateDomainCommandTest extends EppToolCommandTestCase<CreateDomainCommand
   }
 
   @Test
-  void testSuccess_minimal() throws Exception {
+  void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase1_noContacts() throws Exception {
     persistResource(
         new FeatureFlag()
             .asBuilder()
@@ -123,6 +124,19 @@ class CreateDomainCommandTest extends EppToolCommandTestCase<CreateDomainCommand
             .setStatusMap(ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, ACTIVE))
             .build());
     // Test that each optional field can be omitted. Also tests the auto-gen password.
+    runCommandForced("--client=NewRegistrar", "example.tld");
+    eppVerifier.verifySent("domain_create_minimal.xml");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void testSuccess_minimumDatasetPhase2_noContacts() throws Exception {
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag()
+            .asBuilder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    // Test that each optional field can be omitted. Also tests the auto-gen password.
     runCommandForced(
         "--client=NewRegistrar",
         "example.tld");
diff --git a/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_no_contacts.xml b/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_no_contacts.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..06e19e375
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_no_contacts.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0">
+  <command>
+    <create>
+      <domain:create
+       xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0">
+        <domain:name>example.tld</domain:name>
+        <domain:period unit="y">2</domain:period>
+        <domain:ns>
+          <domain:hostObj>ns1.example.net</domain:hostObj>
+          <domain:hostObj>ns2.example.net</domain:hostObj>
+        </domain:ns>
+        <domain:authInfo>
+          <domain:pw>2fooBAR</domain:pw>
+        </domain:authInfo>
+      </domain:create>
+    </create>
+    <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
+  </command>
+</epp>
diff --git a/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_response_eap_fee.xml b/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_response_eap_fee.xml
index 5b9397f67..f573fb789 100644
--- a/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_response_eap_fee.xml
+++ b/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_response_eap_fee.xml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
       <fee:creData xmlns:fee="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:fee-%FEE_VERSION%">
         <fee:currency>USD</fee:currency>
         <fee:fee description="create">24.00</fee:fee>
-        <fee:fee description="Early Access Period, fee expires: 1999-04-04T22:00:00.024Z">100.00</fee:fee>
+        <fee:fee description="Early Access Period, fee expires: 1999-04-04T22:00:00.023Z">100.00</fee:fee>
       </fee:creData>
     </extension>
     <trID>
diff --git a/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_response_premium_eap.xml b/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_response_premium_eap.xml
index 2854b478c..b5bdbc0bf 100644
--- a/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_response_premium_eap.xml
+++ b/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_create_response_premium_eap.xml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
       <fee:creData xmlns:fee="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:fee-0.6">
         <fee:currency>USD</fee:currency>
         <fee:fee description="create">200.00</fee:fee>
-        <fee:fee description="Early Access Period, fee expires: 1999-04-04T22:00:00.028Z">100.00
+        <fee:fee description="Early Access Period, fee expires: 1999-04-04T22:00:00.027Z">100.00
         </fee:fee>
       </fee:creData>
     </extension>
diff --git a/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_update_remove_all_contacts.xml b/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_update_remove_all_contacts.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..93c25ccf1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/flows/domain/domain_update_remove_all_contacts.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0">
+  <command>
+    <update>
+      <domain:update
+       xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0">
+        <domain:name>example.tld</domain:name>
+        <domain:add/>
+        <domain:rem>
+          <domain:contact type="admin">sh8013</domain:contact>
+          <domain:contact type="billing">sh8013</domain:contact>
+          <domain:contact type="tech">sh8013</domain:contact>
+        </domain:rem>
+        <domain:chg>
+          <domain:registrant/>
+        </domain:chg>
+      </domain:update>
+    </update>
+    <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
+  </command>
+</epp>