Add console history frontend (#2832 )

Add a batch action to remove all contacts from domains (#2827 )
This implements the first part of Minimum Data Set phase 3, wherein we delete all contact data. This action is necessary to leave a permanent record on the domain (in the form of a domain history entry) documenting when the contacts were removed by the administrative user. Then, after this has finished removing all contact assocations, we can simply empty out or drop the Contact/ContactHistory tables and associated join tables.
2026-05-24 00:31:54 +00:00 · 2025-09-26 21:25:03 +00:00 · 2025-09-25 20:47:17 +00:00 · 2025-09-24 21:04:37 +00:00 · 2025-09-19 16:42:46 +00:00
22 changed files with 1460 additions and 81 deletions
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/app-routing.module.ts
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/app-routing.module.ts
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import SecurityComponent from './settings/security/security.component';
 import { SettingsComponent } from './settings/settings.component';
 import { SupportComponent } from './support/support.component';
 import RdapComponent from './settings/rdap/rdap.component';
+import { HistoryComponent } from './history/history.component';
 import { PasswordResetVerifyComponent } from './shared/components/passwordReset/passwordResetVerify.component';

 export interface RouteWithIcon extends Route {
@@ -64,13 +65,18 @@ export const routes: RouteWithIcon[] = [
    title: 'Dashboard',
    iconName: 'view_comfy_alt',
  },
-  // { path: 'tlds', component: TldsComponent, title: "TLDs", iconName: "event_list" },
  {
    path: DomainListComponent.PATH,
    component: DomainListComponent,
    title: 'Domains',
    iconName: 'view_list',
  },
+  {
+    path: HistoryComponent.PATH,
+    component: HistoryComponent,
+    // title: 'History',
+    // iconName: 'history',
+  },
  {
    path: SettingsComponent.PATH,
    component: SettingsComponent,
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/app.module.ts
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/app.module.ts
@@ -56,13 +56,14 @@ import { GlobalLoaderService } from './shared/services/globalLoader.service';
 import { UserDataService } from './shared/services/userData.service';
 import { SnackBarModule } from './snackbar.module';
 import { SupportComponent } from './support/support.component';
-import { TldsComponent } from './tlds/tlds.component';
 import { ForceFocusDirective } from './shared/directives/forceFocus.directive';
 import RdapComponent from './settings/rdap/rdap.component';
 import RdapEditComponent from './settings/rdap/rdapEdit.component';
 import { PocReminderComponent } from './shared/components/pocReminder/pocReminder.component';
 import { PasswordResetVerifyComponent } from './shared/components/passwordReset/passwordResetVerify.component';
 import { PasswordInputForm } from './shared/components/passwordReset/passwordInputForm.component';
+import { HistoryComponent } from './history/history.component';
+import { HistoryListComponent } from './history/historyList.component';

@NgModule({
  declarations: [SelectedRegistrarWrapper],
@@ -81,6 +82,8 @@ export class SelectedRegistrarModule {}
    EppPasswordEditComponent,
    ForceFocusDirective,
    HeaderComponent,
+    HistoryComponent,
+    HistoryListComponent,
    HomeComponent,
    LocationBackDirective,
    NavigationComponent,
@@ -104,7 +107,6 @@ export class SelectedRegistrarModule {}
    SettingsComponent,
    SettingsContactComponent,
    SupportComponent,
-    TldsComponent,
    UserLevelVisibility,
  ],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent],
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/history/history.component.html
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/history/history.component.html
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<app-selected-registrar-wrapper>
+  <div class="history-log">
+    <h1 class="mat-headline-4" forceFocus>
+      Registrar Console Activity History
+    </h1>
+    <mat-tab-group
+      [elementId]="getElementIdForUserLog()"
+      class="history-log__tabs"
+    >
+      <mat-tab label="Registrar Activity">
+        <div class="spacer"></div>
+
+        <app-history-list
+          [historyRecords]="historyService.historyRecordsRegistrar()"
+          [isLoading]="isLoading"
+        />
+      </mat-tab>
+      <mat-tab label="User Activity">
+        <div class="spacer"></div>
+        <form (ngSubmit)="loadHistory()" #form="ngForm">
+          <section>
+            <mat-form-field appearance="outline">
+              <mat-label>Console User Email: </mat-label>
+              <input
+                matInput
+                id="email"
+                type="email"
+                name="consoleUserEmail"
+                required
+                email
+                [(ngModel)]="consoleUserEmail"
+                #emailControl="ngModel"
+              />
+            </mat-form-field>
+          </section>
+          <div class="spacer"></div>
+          <button
+            mat-flat-button
+            color="primary"
+            type="submit"
+            aria-label="Search user history"
+            [disabled]="!form.valid"
+          >
+            Search
+          </button>
+        </form>
+        <div class="spacer"></div>
+        <app-history-list
+          [historyRecords]="historyService.historyRecordsUser()"
+          [isLoading]="isLoading"
+        />
+      </mat-tab>
+    </mat-tab-group>
+  </div>
+
+  <app-history-list
+    [elementId]="getElementIdForUserLog()"
+    [isReverse]="true"
+    [historyRecords]="historyService.historyRecordsUser()"
+    [isLoading]="isLoading"
+  />
+</app-selected-registrar-wrapper>
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/history/history.component.scss
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/history/history.component.scss
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+// Copyright 2025 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -12,17 +12,11 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

-.console-tlds {
-  &__cards {
-    display: flex;
-    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
-    padding: 1rem;
-  }
-  &__card {
-    max-width: 300px;
-  }
-  &__card-links {
-    display: flex;
-    flex-direction: column;
+.history-log {
+  font-family: "Roboto", sans-serif;
+  max-width: 760px;
+
+  .spacer {
+    margin: 20px 0;
  }
 }
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/history/history.component.ts
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/history/history.component.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+import { Component, effect } from '@angular/core';
+import { UserDataService } from '../shared/services/userData.service';
+import { BackendService } from '../shared/services/backend.service';
+import { RegistrarService } from '../registrar/registrar.service';
+import { HistoryService } from './history.service';
+import { MatSnackBar } from '@angular/material/snack-bar';
+import {
+  GlobalLoader,
+  GlobalLoaderService,
+} from '../shared/services/globalLoader.service';
+import { HttpErrorResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
+import { RESTRICTED_ELEMENTS } from '../shared/directives/userLevelVisiblity.directive';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-history',
+  templateUrl: './history.component.html',
+  styleUrls: ['./history.component.scss'],
+  providers: [HistoryService],
+  standalone: false,
+})
+export class HistoryComponent implements GlobalLoader {
+  public static PATH = 'history';
+
+  consoleUserEmail: string = '';
+  isLoading: boolean = false;
+
+  constructor(
+    private backendService: BackendService,
+    private registrarService: RegistrarService,
+    protected historyService: HistoryService,
+    protected globalLoader: GlobalLoaderService,
+    protected userDataService: UserDataService,
+    private _snackBar: MatSnackBar
+  ) {
+    effect(() => {
+      if (registrarService.registrarId()) {
+        this.loadHistory();
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  getElementIdForUserLog() {
+    return RESTRICTED_ELEMENTS.ACTIVITY_PER_USER;
+  }
+
+  loadingTimeout() {
+    this._snackBar.open('Timeout loading records history');
+  }
+
+  loadHistory() {
+    this.globalLoader.startGlobalLoader(this);
+    this.isLoading = true;
+    this.historyService
+      .getHistoryLog(this.registrarService.registrarId(), this.consoleUserEmail)
+      .subscribe({
+        error: (err: HttpErrorResponse) => {
+          this._snackBar.open(err.error || err.message);
+          this.isLoading = false;
+        },
+        next: () => {
+          this.globalLoader.stopGlobalLoader(this);
+          this.isLoading = false;
+        },
+      });
+  }
+}
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/history/history.service.ts
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/history/history.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+import { Injectable, signal } from '@angular/core';
+import { BackendService } from '../shared/services/backend.service';
+import { tap } from 'rxjs';
+
+export interface HistoryRecord {
+  modificationTime: string;
+  type: string;
+  description: string;
+  actingUser: {
+    emailAddress: string;
+  };
+}
+
+@Injectable()
+export class HistoryService {
+  historyRecordsRegistrar = signal<HistoryRecord[]>([]);
+  historyRecordsUser = signal<HistoryRecord[]>([]);
+
+  constructor(private backendService: BackendService) {}
+
+  getHistoryLog(registrarId: string, userEmail?: string) {
+    return this.backendService.getHistoryLog(registrarId, userEmail).pipe(
+      tap((historyRecords: HistoryRecord[]) => {
+        if (userEmail) {
+          this.historyRecordsUser.set(historyRecords);
+        } else {
+          this.historyRecordsRegistrar.set(historyRecords);
+        }
+      })
+    );
+  }
+}
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/history/historyList.component.html
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/history/historyList.component.html
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+@if (!isLoading && historyRecords.length == 0) {
+<div class="history-list__no-records">
+  <mat-icon class="history-list__no-records-icon secondary-text"
+    >apps_outage</mat-icon
+  >
+  <h1>No records found</h1>
+</div>
+} @else {
+<mat-card>
+  <mat-card-content>
+    <mat-list role="list">
+      <ng-container *ngFor="let item of historyRecords; let last = last">
+        <mat-list-item class="history-list__item">
+          <mat-icon
+            [ngClass]="getIconClass(item.type)"
+            class="history-list__icon"
+          >
+            {{ getIconForType(item.type) }}
+          </mat-icon>
+
+          <div class="history-list__content">
+            <div class="history-list__description">
+              <span class="history-list__description--main">{{
+                item.type
+              }}</span>
+              <div>
+                <mat-chip
+                  *ngIf="parseDescription(item.description).detail"
+                  class="history-list__chip"
+                >
+                  {{ parseDescription(item.description).detail }}
+                </mat-chip>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div class="history-list__user">
+              <b>User - {{ item.actingUser.emailAddress }}</b>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          <span class="history-list__timestamp">
+            {{ item.modificationTime | date : "MMM d, y, h:mm a" }}
+          </span>
+        </mat-list-item>
+
+        <mat-divider *ngIf="!last"></mat-divider>
+      </ng-container>
+    </mat-list>
+  </mat-card-content>
+</mat-card>
+}
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/history/historyList.component.scss
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/history/historyList.component.scss
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+.history-list {
+  font-family: "Roboto", sans-serif;
+  &__item {
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    // Override default mat-list-item height to fit content
+    height: auto !important;
+    padding: 16px 0;
+  }
+
+  &__no-records {
+    display: flex;
+    justify-content: center;
+    align-items: center;
+    flex-direction: column;
+  }
+  &__no-records-icon {
+    width: 4rem;
+    height: 4rem;
+    font-size: 4rem;
+    margin-top: 1.5rem;
+  }
+
+  &__icon {
+    margin-right: 16px;
+
+    &--update {
+      color: #1976d2;
+    }
+
+    &--security {
+      color: #d32f2f;
+    }
+  }
+
+  &__description {
+    &--main {
+      font-size: 1rem;
+      font-weight: 500;
+      color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87);
+      margin-bottom: 1em;
+    }
+  }
+
+  &__content {
+    flex-grow: 1;
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: 4px;
+    margin-right: 16px;
+  }
+
+  &__chip {
+    margin: 0.5rem 0;
+  }
+
+  &__user {
+    font-size: 0.9rem;
+    color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
+  }
+
+  &__timestamp {
+    color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
+    white-space: nowrap;
+    text-align: right;
+  }
+}
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/history/historyList.component.ts
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/history/historyList.component.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+import { ChangeDetectionStrategy, Component, Input } from '@angular/core';
+import { HistoryRecord } from './history.service';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-history-list',
+  templateUrl: './historyList.component.html',
+  styleUrls: ['./historyList.component.scss'],
+  changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush,
+  standalone: false,
+})
+export class HistoryListComponent {
+  @Input() historyRecords: HistoryRecord[] = [];
+  @Input() isLoading: boolean = false;
+
+  getIconForType(type: string): string {
+    switch (type) {
+      case 'REGISTRAR_UPDATE':
+        return 'edit';
+      case 'REGISTRAR_SECURITY_UPDATE':
+        return 'security';
+      default:
+        return 'history'; // A fallback icon
+    }
+  }
+
+  getIconClass(type: string): string {
+    switch (type) {
+      case 'REGISTRAR_UPDATE':
+        return 'history-log__icon--update';
+      case 'REGISTRAR_SECURITY_UPDATE':
+        return 'history-log__icon--security';
+      default:
+        return '';
+    }
+  }
+
+  parseDescription(description: string): {
+    main: string;
+    detail: string | null;
+  } {
+    if (!description) {
+      return { main: 'N/A', detail: null };
+    }
+    const parts = description.split('|');
+    const detail = parts.length > 1 ? parts[1].replace(/_/g, ' ') : null;
+
+    return {
+      main: parts[0],
+      detail: detail,
+    };
+  }
+}
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/shared/directives/userLevelVisiblity.directive.ts
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/shared/directives/userLevelVisiblity.directive.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import { Directive, ElementRef, Input, effect } from '@angular/core';
 import { UserDataService } from '../services/userData.service';

 export enum RESTRICTED_ELEMENTS {
+  ACTIVITY_PER_USER,
  REGISTRAR_ELEMENT,
  OTE,
  USERS,
@@ -28,9 +29,10 @@ export const DISABLED_ELEMENTS_PER_ROLE = {
    RESTRICTED_ELEMENTS.REGISTRAR_ELEMENT,
    RESTRICTED_ELEMENTS.OTE,
    RESTRICTED_ELEMENTS.SUSPEND,
+    RESTRICTED_ELEMENTS.ACTIVITY_PER_USER,
  ],
  SUPPORT_LEAD: [],
-  SUPPORT_AGENT: [],
+  SUPPORT_AGENT: [RESTRICTED_ELEMENTS.ACTIVITY_PER_USER],
 };

@Directive({
@@ -40,6 +42,8 @@ export const DISABLED_ELEMENTS_PER_ROLE = {
 export class UserLevelVisibility {
  @Input() elementId!: RESTRICTED_ELEMENTS | null;

+  @Input() isReverse: boolean = false;
+
  constructor(
    private userDataService: UserDataService,
    private el: ElementRef
@@ -56,9 +60,9 @@ export class UserLevelVisibility {
      // @ts-ignore
      (DISABLED_ELEMENTS_PER_ROLE[globalRole] || []).includes(this.elementId)
    ) {
-      this.el.nativeElement.style.display = 'none';
+      this.el.nativeElement.style.display = this.isReverse ? '' : 'none';
    } else {
-      this.el.nativeElement.style.display = '';
+      this.el.nativeElement.style.display = this.isReverse ? 'none' : '';
    }
  }
 }
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/shared/services/backend.service.ts
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/shared/services/backend.service.ts
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import { Contact } from '../../settings/contact/contact.service';
 import { EppPasswordBackendModel } from '../../settings/security/security.service';
 import { UserData } from './userData.service';
 import { PasswordResetVerifyResponse } from '../components/passwordReset/passwordResetVerify.component';
+import { HistoryRecord } from '../../history/history.service';

@Injectable()
 export class BackendService {
@@ -123,6 +124,16 @@ export class BackendService {
      .pipe(catchError((err) => this.errorCatcher<DomainListResult>(err)));
  }

+  getHistoryLog(registrarId: string, userEmail?: string) {
+    return this.http
+      .get<HistoryRecord[]>(
+        userEmail
+          ? `/console-api/history?registrarId=${registrarId}&consoleUserEmail=${userEmail}`
+          : `/console-api/history?registrarId=${registrarId}`
+      )
+      .pipe(catchError((err) => this.errorCatcher<HistoryRecord[]>(err)));
+  }
+
  getRegistrars(): Observable<Registrar[]> {
    return this.http
      .get<Registrar[]>('/console-api/registrars')
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/tlds/tlds.component.html
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/tlds/tlds.component.html
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-<div class="console-tlds__cards"></div>
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/tlds/tlds.component.spec.ts
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/tlds/tlds.component.spec.ts
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-import { ComponentFixture, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
-
-import { TldsComponent } from './tlds.component';
-import { MaterialModule } from '../material.module';
-
-describe('TldsComponent', () => {
-  let component: TldsComponent;
-  let fixture: ComponentFixture<TldsComponent>;
-
-  beforeEach(async () => {
-    await TestBed.configureTestingModule({
-      imports: [MaterialModule],
-      declarations: [TldsComponent],
-    }).compileComponents();
-
-    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(TldsComponent);
-    component = fixture.componentInstance;
-    fixture.detectChanges();
-  });
-
-  it('should create', () => {
-    expect(component).toBeTruthy();
-  });
-});
--- a/console-webapp/src/app/tlds/tlds.component.ts
+++ b/console-webapp/src/app/tlds/tlds.component.ts
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-import { Component } from '@angular/core';
-
-@Component({
-  selector: 'app-tlds',
-  templateUrl: './tlds.component.html',
-  styleUrls: ['./tlds.component.scss'],
-  standalone: false,
-})
-export class TldsComponent {}
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/batch/RemoveAllDomainContactsAction.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/batch/RemoveAllDomainContactsAction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package google.registry.batch;
+
+import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
+import static com.google.common.net.MediaType.PLAIN_TEXT_UTF_8;
+import static google.registry.flows.FlowUtils.marshalWithLenientRetry;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
+import static google.registry.persistence.transaction.TransactionManagerFactory.tm;
+import static google.registry.util.DateTimeUtils.END_OF_TIME;
+import static google.registry.util.ResourceUtils.readResourceUtf8;
+import static jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
+import static jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.SC_NO_CONTENT;
+import static jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.SC_OK;
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.US_ASCII;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Ascii;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.common.flogger.FluentLogger;
+import google.registry.config.RegistryConfig.Config;
+import google.registry.flows.EppController;
+import google.registry.flows.EppRequestSource;
+import google.registry.flows.PasswordOnlyTransportCredentials;
+import google.registry.flows.StatelessRequestSessionMetadata;
+import google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag;
+import google.registry.model.contact.Contact;
+import google.registry.model.domain.DesignatedContact;
+import google.registry.model.domain.Domain;
+import google.registry.model.eppcommon.ProtocolDefinition;
+import google.registry.model.eppoutput.EppOutput;
+import google.registry.persistence.VKey;
+import google.registry.request.Action;
+import google.registry.request.Action.GaeService;
+import google.registry.request.Response;
+import google.registry.request.auth.Auth;
+import google.registry.request.lock.LockHandler;
+import jakarta.inject.Inject;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import org.joda.time.Duration;
+
+/**
+ * An action that removes all contacts from all active (non-deleted) domains.
+ *
+ * <p>This implements part 1 of phase 3 of the Minimum Dataset migration, wherein we remove all uses
+ * of contact objects in preparation for later removing all contact data from the system.
+ *
+ * <p>This runs as a singly threaded, resumable action that loads batches of domains still
+ * containing contacts, and runs a superuser domain update on each one to remove the contacts,
+ * leaving behind a record recording that update.
+ */
+@Action(
+    service = GaeService.BACKEND,
+    path = RemoveAllDomainContactsAction.PATH,
+    method = Action.Method.POST,
+    auth = Auth.AUTH_ADMIN)
+public class RemoveAllDomainContactsAction implements Runnable {
+
+  public static final String PATH = "/_dr/task/removeAllDomainContacts";
+  private static final String LOCK_NAME = "Remove all domain contacts";
+  private static final String CONTACT_FMT = "<domain:contact type=\"%s\">%s</domain:contact>";
+
+  private static final FluentLogger logger = FluentLogger.forEnclosingClass();
+  private final EppController eppController;
+  private final String registryAdminClientId;
+  private final LockHandler lockHandler;
+  private final Response response;
+  private final String updateDomainXml;
+  private int successes = 0;
+  private int failures = 0;
+
+  private static final int BATCH_SIZE = 10000;
+
+  @Inject
+  RemoveAllDomainContactsAction(
+      EppController eppController,
+      @Config("registryAdminClientId") String registryAdminClientId,
+      LockHandler lockHandler,
+      Response response) {
+    this.eppController = eppController;
+    this.registryAdminClientId = registryAdminClientId;
+    this.lockHandler = lockHandler;
+    this.response = response;
+    this.updateDomainXml =
+        readResourceUtf8(RemoveAllDomainContactsAction.class, "domain_remove_contacts.xml");
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void run() {
+    checkState(
+        tm().transact(() -> FeatureFlag.isActiveNow(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)),
+        "Minimum dataset migration must be completed prior to running this action");
+    response.setContentType(PLAIN_TEXT_UTF_8);
+
+    Callable<Void> runner =
+        () -> {
+          try {
+            runLocked();
+            response.setStatus(SC_OK);
+          } catch (Exception e) {
+            logger.atSevere().withCause(e).log("Errored out during execution.");
+            response.setStatus(SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
+            response.setPayload(String.format("Errored out with cause: %s", e));
+          }
+          return null;
+        };
+
+    if (!lockHandler.executeWithLocks(runner, null, Duration.standardHours(1), LOCK_NAME)) {
+      // Send a 200-series status code to prevent this conflicting action from retrying.
+      response.setStatus(SC_NO_CONTENT);
+      response.setPayload("Could not acquire lock; already running?");
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void runLocked() {
+    logger.atInfo().log("Removing contacts on all active domains.");
+
+    List<String> domainRepoIdsBatch;
+    do {
+      domainRepoIdsBatch =
+          tm().<List<String>>transact(
+                  () ->
+                      tm().getEntityManager()
+                          .createQuery(
+                              """
+                              SELECT repoId FROM Domain WHERE deletionTime = :end_of_time AND NOT (
+                                adminContact IS NULL AND billingContact IS NULL
+                                AND registrantContact IS NULL AND techContact IS NULL)
+                              """)
+                          .setParameter("end_of_time", END_OF_TIME)
+                          .setMaxResults(BATCH_SIZE)
+                          .getResultList());
+
+      domainRepoIdsBatch.forEach(this::runDomainUpdateFlow);
+    } while (!domainRepoIdsBatch.isEmpty());
+    String msg =
+        String.format(
+            "Finished; %d domains were successfully updated and %d errored out.",
+            successes, failures);
+    logger.at(failures == 0 ? Level.INFO : Level.WARNING).log(msg);
+    response.setPayload(msg);
+  }
+
+  private void runDomainUpdateFlow(String repoId) {
+    // Create a new transaction that the flow's execution will be enlisted in that loads the domain
+    // transactionally. This way we can ensure that nothing else has modified the domain in question
+    // in the intervening period since the query above found it.
+    boolean success = tm().transact(() -> runDomainUpdateFlowInner(repoId));
+    if (success) {
+      successes++;
+    } else {
+      failures++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Runs the actual domain update flow and returns whether the contact removals were successful.
+   */
+  private boolean runDomainUpdateFlowInner(String repoId) {
+    Domain domain = tm().loadByKey(VKey.create(Domain.class, repoId));
+    if (!domain.getDeletionTime().equals(END_OF_TIME)) {
+      // Domain has been deleted since the action began running; nothing further to be
+      // done here.
+      logger.atInfo().log("Nothing to process for deleted domain '%s'.", domain.getDomainName());
+      return false;
+    }
+    logger.atInfo().log("Attempting to remove contacts on domain '%s'.", domain.getDomainName());
+
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    ImmutableMap<VKey<? extends Contact>, Contact> contacts =
+        tm().loadByKeys(
+                domain.getContacts().stream()
+                    .map(DesignatedContact::getContactKey)
+                    .collect(ImmutableSet.toImmutableSet()));
+
+    // Collect all the (non-registrant) contacts referenced by the domain and compile an EPP XML
+    // string that removes each one.
+    for (DesignatedContact designatedContact : domain.getContacts()) {
+      @Nullable Contact contact = contacts.get(designatedContact.getContactKey());
+      if (contact == null) {
+        logger.atWarning().log(
+            "Domain '%s' referenced contact with repo ID '%s' that couldn't be" + " loaded.",
+            domain.getDomainName(), designatedContact.getContactKey().getKey());
+        continue;
+      }
+      sb.append(
+              String.format(
+                  CONTACT_FMT,
+                  Ascii.toLowerCase(designatedContact.getType().name()),
+                  contact.getContactId()))
+          .append("\n");
+    }
+
+    String compiledXml =
+        updateDomainXml
+            .replace("%DOMAIN%", domain.getDomainName())
+            .replace("%CONTACTS%", sb.toString());
+    EppOutput output =
+        eppController.handleEppCommand(
+            new StatelessRequestSessionMetadata(
+                registryAdminClientId, ProtocolDefinition.getVisibleServiceExtensionUris()),
+            new PasswordOnlyTransportCredentials(),
+            EppRequestSource.BACKEND,
+            false,
+            true,
+            compiledXml.getBytes(US_ASCII));
+    if (output.isSuccess()) {
+      logger.atInfo().log(
+          "Successfully removed contacts from domain '%s'.", domain.getDomainName());
+    } else {
+      logger.atWarning().log(
+          "Failed removing contacts from domain '%s' with error %s.",
+          domain.getDomainName(), new String(marshalWithLenientRetry(output), US_ASCII));
+    }
+    return output.isSuccess();
+  }
+}
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/idn/Latin-IDN.xml
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/idn/Latin-IDN.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,661 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<lgr xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:lgr-1.0">
+  <meta>
+    <version comment="Latin LGR">1</version>
+    <date>2025-10-01</date>
+    <language>und-Latn</language>
+    <unicode-version>2</unicode-version>
+    <description type="text/html"><![CDATA[
+       <div class="instructions">
+<h2>INSTRUCTIONS</h2>
+  <ul>
+    <li>These instructions cover how to adopt an LGR based on this reference LGR for a given
+    zone and how to prepare the file for deposit in the IANA Repository of IDN Practices.</li>
+    <li>As described  the IANA procedure (https://www.iana.org/help/idn-repository-procedure) an 
+    LGR MUST contain the following elements in its header:
+      <ul style="list-style-type:square;">
+        <li>Script or Language Designator (see below for guidance) </li>
+        <li>Version Number (this must increase with each amendment to the LGR, even if the updates 
+            are limited to the header itself) </li>
+        <li>Effective Date (the date at which the policy becomes applicable in operational use) </li>
+        <li>Registry Contact Details (contact name, email address, and/or phone number)</li>
+      </ul>
+    </li>
+    <li>The following information is optional:
+    <ul style="list-style-type:square;">
+    <li>Document creation date</li>
+    <li>Applicable Domain(s)</li>
+    <li>Changes made to the Reference LGR before adopting</li>
+    </ul>
+    </li>
+  </ul>
+  <p>Please add or modify the following items in the <b>XML source code for this file</b> before 
+  depositing the document in the IANA Repository. (https://www.iana.org/domains/idn-tables)</p>
+<h3>Meta Data</h3>
+<p>Note: version numbers start at 1. RFC 7940 recommends using simple integers. The version comment is optional, 
+   please replace or delete the default comment. Version comments may be used by some tools as part of the page header.</p>
+  <p><code>&lt;version comment=&quot;</code>[Please replace (or delete) the optional comment]<code>&quot;&gt;</code>[Please fill in version number, starting at 1]<code>&lt;/version&gt;</code></p>
+  <p><code>&lt;date&gt;</code>2025-10-01<code>&lt;/date&gt;</code></p>
+  <p><code>&lt;validity-start&gt;</code>2025-10-01<code>&lt;/validity-start&gt;</code></p>
+  <p>Note: the scope element may be repeated, so that the same document can serve for multiple domains.</p>
+  <p><code>&lt;scope type=&quot;domain&quot;&gt;</code>[Please provide, in &quot;.domain&quot; format]<code>&lt;/scope&gt;</code></p>
+<p><strong>Registry Contact Information:</strong></p>
+  <p>Please fill in the <a href="#registry_contact_details">Registry Contact Details</a>.</p>
+<p><strong>Change History</strong></p>
+  <p>If you made technical modifications to the LGR, please summarize them in the <a href="#change_history">Change History</a> (and also note the details in the appropriate section of the description).</p>
+
+       
+       <section id="registry_contact_details">
+<h2>Registry Contact Details</h2>
+<ul style="list-style:none;">
+<li><b>Contact Name:</b> Ben McIlwain</li>
+<li><b>Email address:</b> nomulus-discuss@google.com</li>
+</ul>
+</section>
+
+    <h1>Label Generation Rules for the Latin Script</h1>
+
+    <h2>Overview</h2>
+
+    <p>This document specifies a set of Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the Latin script for the second level domain or domains identified above. 
+    The starting point for the development of this LGR can be found in the related Root Zone LGR [RZ-LGR-Latn]. 
+    The format of this file follows [RFC 7940].
+    This LGR is adapted from the “Reference LGR for the Second Level for the Latin Script” [Ref-LGR-und-Latn], for details, see <a href="#change_history">Change History</a> below.</p>
+
+    <p>For details and additional background on the Latin script, see “Proposal for a Latin Script Root Zone Label Generation Rule-Set (LGR)” [Proposal-Latin].</p>
+
+    <h2>Repertoire</h2>
+
+    <p>The repertoire contains the 164 letters needed to write hundreds of languages in the Latin script.
+     The repertoire is a subset of [Unicode 11.0.0]. For details, see Section 5, “Repertoire” in [Proposal-Latin].
+        (The proposal cited has been adopted for the Latin script portion of the Root Zone LGR.)</p>
+
+    <p>For the second level, the repertoire has been augmented with the ASCII digits, U+0030 to U+0039, plus U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, for a total of 175 repertoire elements.</p>
+
+    <p>Any code points outside the Latin Script repertoire that are targets for
+     out-of-repertoire variants would be included here only if the variant is listed 
+     in this file. In this case they are identified as a reflexive (identity) variant
+     of type “out-of-repertoire-var”. Whether or not they are listed, they do not 
+     form part of the repertoire.</p>
+    
+    <p><b>Repertoire Listing:</b> Each code point or range is tagged with the script or scripts with which the code point is used and one or more other character categories. For each repertoire element,
+      one or more references document sufficient justification for inclusion in the repertoire; see the <a href="#ref_desc_sec_References">“References”</a> below.
+    For code points that are part of the repertoire, comments identify the languages using the code point along with their [EGIDS] level.</p>
+
+    <h3>Background on Script and Principal Languages Using It</h3>
+    <p>The Latin script is a major writing system of the world, and the most widely used in terms of 
+    the number of languages and speakers, with circa 70% of the world’s readers and writers making use of 
+    this script. From a list of 1,189 languages using the Latin script [Omniglot]
+    the 212 languages   that were taken into consideration contain all 182 languages with [EGIDS] 
+    level 1&ndash;4 together with many languages with EGIDS level 5, each spoken by more than 
+    1 million estimated speakers. Altogether over 100 languages are cited here to justify 
+    specific additions to the repertoire, but many other languages may also be written using 
+    some subset of the repertoire of this LGR. In a few cases, code points were excluded in [MSR-5] due to 
+    security concerns; for the affected languages, only a subrepertoire could be supported.
+    More details in Section 3, “Background on Script and Principal Languages Using It” 
+    of [Proposal-Latin].</p>
+
+    <h2>Variants</h2>
+
+    <p>The variants defined in this LGR are limited to those required for use in zones not shared with any other script. 
+    As such, this LGR does not define cross-script variants. However, using this LGR concurrently with any LGR for Armenian, Cyrillic, and Greek in the same zone will introduce some in-script variants due to cross-script variant transitivity. This will also create potential cross-script issues when used with the same LGRs. 
+    For details, see Section 6, “Variants” in [Proposal-Latin].
+     Mitigation of these in-script and cross-script variants can be addressed by using the Common LGR. 
+     For details, see Section 3, “Use of Multiple Reference LGRs in the Same Zone” in [Level-2-Overview].
+     In addition to variants defined by this LGR, the full variant information related to this script and added by concurrent use with the Armenian, Cyrillic, and Greek LGR(s) can be found 
+     in the following LGR: [Ref-LGR-Latin-Full-Variant-Script]
+    </p>
+    
+    <p>In particular, the Latin LGR contains a number of in-script variants resulting from transitivity with
+    variants needed if the LGR is used concurrently with other LGRs from the related scripts, primarily
+    due to variants with the Greek script. 
+    These variant definitions are required when using this LGR together with the Common LGR in label processing, 
+    but they also reflect a certain consistency in the approach to variants across typographically related scripts.
+    They can be removed if the LGR is used strictly as standalone.<p>
+
+    <p>All other in-script variants defined in this LGR largely follow the methodology defined in
+    Section 6, “Variants”, in [Proposal-Latin]. In a separate appendix  that proposal identifies additional 
+    candidates for visually confusable code points (see [Proposal-Latin-Appendices]). They provide data 
+    on the basis of which additional variants, or fallback variants (see following) might be defined. However, 
+    doing so would require additional review and analysis that has not been carried out for this version of the 
+    LGR.</p>
+
+    <p>The LGR defines certain allocatable fallback variants as
+    described in Section 4.5.5 “Allocatable Fallback Variants” in [Level-2-Overview]. A fallback variant is a variant label that uses 
+    substitute code points for code points or sequences not available (or not allowed) in some contexts, that would 
+    otherwise be required for a linguistically accurate rendering of some label.</p>
+
+    <p>When “fallback” variants are defined, two labels may be allocated: a single label with the spelling preferred by the 
+    applicant, plus a single fallback variant for that label. 
+    The fallback exclusively uses the fallback characters for any characters for which fallbacks are defined, while the
+    “preferred” label may use any otherwise valid mix of code points. 
+    If the fallback variant is the one applied for, no other variant label is allocatable.</p>
+
+    <p>An allocatable fallback variant exists for the following pairs where the second element of each pair is the fallback:</p>
+
+    <ul>
+    
+    <h3>In-script Variant Mapping Types</h3>
+    <p>In each of the fallback variant pairs defined above, the mapping type from the first element to the second is of type
+    “fallback”, while the variant type for the other direction is “blocked”. In addition, the first element of each pair uses the
+    reflexive mapping “r-original”.
+     (By convention, the prefix “r-” marks a type used in a reflexive variant mapping, that is, it represents an instance 
+     of the original code point at that location in a variant label, see Section 5.3.4 in [RFC 7940].)</p>
+
+    <p><b>Variant Disposition:</b> Except for limited exceptions for the fallback variants defined above, variants defined here result
+    in a variant label disposition of “blocked”.</p>
+    
+    <p>The specification of variants in this LGR follows the guidelines in [RFC 8228].</p>
+
+    <h2>Character Classes</h2>
+    <p>This LGR does not define named character classes.</p>
+    
+    <h2>Whole Label Evaluation (WLE) and Context rules</h2>
+
+   <h3>Default Whole Label Evaluation Rules and Actions</h3>
+
+    <p>By default, the LGR includes the rules and actions to implement the following restrictions mandated by the IDNA protocol. They are marked with &#x235F;.</p>
+       <ul>
+       <li><b>Hyphen Restrictions</b> &mdash; restrictions on the allowable placement of hyphens (no leading/ending hyphen
+             and no hyphen in positions 3 and 4). These restrictions are described in Section 4.2.3.1 of RFC 5891 [320]. 
+             They are implemented here as context rule on U+002D (-) HYPHEN-MINUS.</li>
+          <li><b>Leading Combining Marks</b>   &mdash;  restrictions on the allowable placement of combining marks
+             (no leading combining mark). This rule is described in Section 4.2.3.2 of RFC 5891 [320].</li>
+       </ul>
+
+    <h3>Latin-specific Rules</h3>
+
+    <h2>Actions</h2>
+
+    <h3>Default Actions</h3>
+
+    <p>This LGR includes the default actions for LGRs as well as the action needed to
+        invalidate labels with misplaced combining marks. They are marked with &#x235F;.
+        For a description see [RFC 7940].</p>
+
+     <p>Default actions that are
+     triggered by the LGR-specific variant types described above limit the “allocatable” variant
+     labels to those containing only “ss”, dotted “i” or hyphen variants, while
+     disallowing mixed use of “ss” and “ß”, Dotless i and “i”, or middle-dot and hyphen respectively, except
+     as in the original applied-for label.</p>
+
+    <p>Note that the mapping types for variants are not symmetric: they depend on which code point is considered
+     the source or the target in a given mapping. As specified in [RFC 7940], when mapping types are evaluated
+     code points in a label that are unchanged use the type of their “reflexive” mapping. 
+     Per [RFC 7940] the actions are always applied one after the other, and the evaluation stops at the first 
+     action that assigns a disposition to a given label.</p>
+    
+    <h3>Script-specific Actions</h3>
+    <p>An action has been defined to invalidate labels containing the sequence U+00B7 U+006C U+00B7 which could otherwise result in two Ela Geminada sequences overlapping.</p>
+
+    <h2>Methodology and Contributors</h2>
+    
+    <p>The LGR in this document has been adapted from the corresponding Reference LGR for the Second Level. The Second Level Reference LGR for the Latin Script was developed by Michel Suignard and Asmus Freytag, based on the Root Zone LGR for the Latin 
+       script and information contained or referenced therein; see [RZ-LGR-Latn]. Suitable extensions for the second level have been applied according to the [Guidelines] and with community input. 
+       The original proposal for a Root Zone LGR for the Latin script, that this LGR is based on, was developed by the Latin Generation Panel. 
+       For more information on methodology and contributors to the underlying Root Zone LGR, see Sections 4 and 8 in [Proposal-Latin], as well as [RZ-LGR-Overview].</p>
+
+    <section id="change_history">
+    <h3>Changes from Version Dated 25 October 2024</h3>
+        <p>Adopted from the Second Level Reference LGR for the Latin Script [Ref-LGR-und-Latn] with security improvements implemented by removing confusable variants.</p>
+    </section>
+    
+    <h2>References</h2> 
+    <p>The following general references are cited in this document:</p>
+    <dl class="references">
+    <dt>[EGIDS]</dt>
+    <dd>Lewis and Simons, “EGIDS: Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale,”
+      documented in [SIL-Ethnologue] and summarized here:
+      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_Graded_Intergenerational_Disruption_Scale_(EGIDS)</dd>
+
+    <dt>[Guidelines]</dt>
+    <dd>ICANN, “Guidelines for Developing Reference LGRs for the Second Level”, (Los Angeles, California: ICANN, 27 May 2020), https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/lgr-guidelines-second-level-27may20-en.pdf</dd>
+
+    <dt>[Level-2-Overview]</dt>
+    <dd>Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, (ICANN),“Reference Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the Second Level: Overview and Summary” (PDF), 
+     (Los Angeles, California: ICANN, 25 October 2024), https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/level2-lgr-overview-summary-25oct24-en.pdf
+      </dd>
+    
+    <dt>[MSR-5]</dt>
+    <dd>Integration Panel, “Maximal Starting Repertoire — MSR-5 Overview and Rationale”, 24 June 2021,
+     https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/msr-5-overview-24jun21-en.pdf</dd>
+
+    <dt>[Omniglot]</dt>
+    <dd>Omniglot, “Writing Systems by Language”, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/langalph.htm (accessed on 13 January 2022)</dd>
+
+    <dt>[Proposal-Latin]</dt> 
+    <dd>Latin Generation Panel, “Proposal for a Latin Script Root Zone Label Generation Rule-Set (LGR)”, 27 January 2022 (PDF), https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/proposal-latin-lgr-27jan22-en.pdf</dd>
+
+    <dt>[Proposal-Latin-Appendices]</dt> 
+    <dd>Appendices to   “Proposal for a Latin Script Root Zone Label Generation Rule-Set (LGR)”, 
+    27 January 2022 (ZIP), https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/proposal-latin-lgr-appendices-27jan22-en.zip</dd>
+
+    <dt>[Ref-LGR-und-Latn]</dt>
+    <dd>ICANN, Second Level Reference Label Generation Rules for the Latin Script (und-Latn), 25 October 2024 (XML)
+      https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-latin-script-25oct24-en.xml
+      non-normative HTML presentation: https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-latin-script-25oct24-en.html</dd>
+
+    <dt>[Ref-LGR-Latin-Full-Variant-Script]</dt>
+    <dd>ICANN, Second Level Reference Label Generation Rules for the Latin Script (und-Latn), 25 October 2024 (XML)
+      https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-latin-full-variant-script-25oct24-en.xml
+      non-normative HTML presentation: https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-latin-full-variant-script-25oct24-en.html</dd>
+
+    <dt>[RFC 7940]</dt>
+    <dd>Davies, K. and A. Freytag, “Representing Label Generation Rulesets Using XML”, 
+     RFC 7940, August 2016, https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7940</dd> 
+
+    <dt>[RFC 8228]</dt>
+    <dd>A. Freytag, “Guidance on Designing Label Generation Rulesets (LGRs) Supporting Variant Labels”, RFC 8228, August 2017,
+    https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8228</dd>
+
+    <dt>[RZ-LGR-Overview]</dt>
+    <dd>Integration Panel, “Root Zone Label Generation Rules (RZ LGR-5): Overview and Summary”, 26 May 2022 (PDF), https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-5-overview-26may22-en.pdf</dd>
+     
+    <dt>[RZ-LGR-5]</dt>
+    <dd>Integration Panel, “Root Zone Label Generation Rules (RZ-LGR-5)”, 26 May 2022 (XML), https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-5-common-26may22-en.xml <br/>
+     <i>non-normative HTML presentation: https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-5-common-26may22-en.html</i></dd>
+     
+    <dt>[RZ-LGR-Latn]</dt>
+    <dd>ICANN, Root Zone Label Generation Rules for the Latin Script (und-Latn), 26 May 2022 (XML)
+      https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-5-latin-script-26may22-en.xml</dd>
+
+    <dt>[SIL-Ethnologue]</dt>
+    <dd>David M. Eberhard, Gary F. Simons &amp; Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2021.
+     Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Twenty fourth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL
+     International. Online version available as https://www.ethnologue.com</dd>
+
+    <dt>[Unicode 11.0.0]</dt>
+    <dd>The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 11.0.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2018. ISBN 978-1-936213-19-1) 
+     https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode11.0.0/</dd>
+    </dl>
+
+    <p>For references consulted particularly in designing the repertoire for the Latin Script for the second level 
+      please see details in the <a href="#table_of_references">Table of References</a> below.</p>
+
+     <p>References [0] and up refer to the Unicode Standard versions in which corresponding code points 
+     were initially encoded. References [101] and up correspond to a source given in [Proposal-Latin] for justifying 
+     the inclusion of the corresponding code points. In the listing of <a href="#whole_label_evaluation_and_context_rules">whole label evaluation and context rules</a>,
+     reference [320] indicates the source for common rules.</p>
+
+]]></description>
+    <references>
+      <reference id="0" comment="Any code point originally encoded in Unicode Version 1.1">The Unicode Standard, Version 1.1</reference>
+      <reference id="3" comment="Any code point originally encoded in Unicode Version 3.0">The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0</reference>
+      <reference id="8" comment="Any code point originally encoded in Unicode Version 5.0">The Unicode Standard, Version 5.0</reference>
+      <reference id="99" comment="Any code point cited is part of the Basic Latin (ASCII) set">C0 Controls and Basic Latin, The Unicode Standard https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0000.pdf</reference>
+      <reference id="100">ICANN, Second Level Reference Label Generation Rules for Spanish https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-spanish-30aug16-en.html (Accessed on 31 August 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="101">Omniglot, Czech (čeština) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/czech.htm (Accessed on 31 August 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="102">Omniglot, Icelandic (Íslenska) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/icelandic.htm (Accessed on 31 August 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="103">Omniglot, Faroese (føroyskt mál) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/faroese.htm (Accessed on 31 August 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="105">Omniglot, Chuukese (Chuuk) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/chuukese.htm (Accessed on 31 August 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="106">ScriptSource, Galician written with Latin script https://scriptsource.org/cms/scripts/page.php?item_id=wrSys_detail&amp;key=gl-Latn (Accessed on 1 May 2023)</reference>
+      <reference id="107">Omniglot, Lule Sámi (julevsámegiella) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/lulesami.htm (Accessed on 31 August 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="108">Wikipedia, Northern Sami https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Sami (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="109">Omniglot, Vietnamese (tiếng việt / 㗂越) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/vietnamese.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="110">Omniglot, Romanian (limba română) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/romanian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="113">Omniglot, Skolt Sámi (Sääˊmǩiõll / Nuõrttsää’m) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/skoltsami.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="114">Omniglot, French (français) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/french.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="115">Omniglot, West Frisian (Frysk) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/westfrisian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="116">Omniglot, Friulian (furlan/marilenghe) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/friulian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="117">Summer Institute of Linguistics, Pequeno dicionário: Xavante-Português, Português-Xavante https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/17019 (Accessed on 1 October 2020)</reference>
+      <reference id="119">Omniglot, German (Deutsch) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/german.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="120">Omniglot, Finnish (suomi) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/finnish.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="121">Omniglot, Turkmen (Türkmen dili / Түркмен дили) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/turkmen.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="122">Omniglot, Estonian (eesti keel) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/estonian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="123">Omniglot, Swedish (svenska) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/swedish.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="124">Omniglot, Yapese (Waab) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/yapese.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="125">Omniglot, Dinka (Thuɔŋjäŋ) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/dinka.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="126">Omniglot, Kaqchikel (Kaqchikel Ch’ab’äl) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/kaqchikel.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="127">Omniglot, Bashkir/Bashkort (Башҡорт теле / Başqort tele) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/bashkir.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="128">Omniglot, Alsatian (Ëlsässisch) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/alsatian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="129">Wikipedia, Nuer language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuer_language (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="130">Omniglot, Italian (italiano) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/italian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="131">Wikipedia, Italian orthography https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_orthography (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="132">Omniglot, Wolof (Wollof) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/wolof.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="133">Omniglot, Latvian (latviešu valoda) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/latvian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="134">Omniglot, Tongan (Faka-Tonga) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/tongan.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="135">Omniglot, Hawaiian (ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/hawaiian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="136">Omniglot, Marshallese (kajin m̧ajeļ) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/marshallese.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="137">Omniglot, Polish (polski) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/polish.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="138">Omniglot, Lithuanian (lietuvių kalba) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/lithuanian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="139">Omniglot, Danish (dansk) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/danish.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="140">Omniglot, Chamorro (chamoru) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/chamorro.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="141">Omniglot, Umbundu (Úmbúndú) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/umbundu.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="142">Omniglot, Guaraní (Avañe’ẽ) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/guarani.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="143">Wikipedia, Guarani alphabet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarani_alphabet (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="144">Omniglot, Nauruan (Ekaiairũ Naoero) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/nauruan.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="145">Omniglot, Khoekhoe (Khoekhoegowab) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/khoekhoe.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="146">Omniglot, Nuer (Naath) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/nuer.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="147">Omniglot, Hausa (Harshen Hausa / هَرْشَن هَوْسَ) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/hausa.htm  (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="148">Omniglot, Dagaare https://www.omniglot.com/writing/dagaare.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="149">Omniglot, Fula (Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular’Fulaare) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/fula.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="150">Omniglot, Croatian (Hrvatski) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/croatian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="151">Omniglot, Serbian (српски / srpski) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/serbian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="152">Wikipedia, Polish language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_language (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="153">Omniglot, Slovak (slovenčina) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/slovak.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="154">Evertype Publishing, Lithuanian lietuvių kalba Version 1.1 https://www.evertype.com/alphabets/lithuanian.pdf (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="157">Omniglot, Turkish (Türkçe) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/turkish.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="158">Omniglot, Kurdish (Kurdî / کوردی) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/kurdish.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="159">Omniglot, Azerbaijani (آذربايجانجا ديلي / Азәрбајҹан дили / Azərbaycan dili) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/azeri.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="160">Omniglot, Basque (euskara) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/basque.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="161">Wikipedia, Basque language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_language#Writing_system (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="163">Omniglot, Maltese (Malti) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/maltese.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="164">Omniglot, Venda (Tshivenḓa / Luvenḓa) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/venda.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="168">Omniglot, Brahui (Bráhuí / براوی) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/brahui.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="169">Wikipedia, Fon language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fon_language  (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="170">Omniglot, Ewe (Eʋegbe) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/ewe.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="172">Omniglot, Sorbian (hornjoserbsce/dolnoserbski) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/sorbian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="173">Peace corps, Botswana, An Introduction to Setswana Language https://files.peacecorps.gov/multimedia/audio/languagelessons/botswana/Bw_Setswana_Language_Lessons.pdf (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="174">Omniglot, Tswana (Setswana) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/tswana.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="175">Wikipedia, Afrikaans https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="176">Omniglot, Albanian (shqip / gjuha shqipe) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/albanian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="177">Wikipedia, Albanian alphabet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_alphabet (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="179">Wikipedia, Uyghur Latin alphabet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyghur_Latin_alphabet (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="180">Omniglot, Drehu (Deʼu) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/drehu.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="182">Omniglot, Haitian Creole (Kreyòl ayisyen) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/haitiancreole.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="183">Wikipedia, Haitian Creole https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole#Orthography (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="184">Omniglot, Minangkabau (Baso Minangkabau / باسو مينڠكاباو) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/minangkabau.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="185">Omniglot, Palauan (a tekoi er a Belau) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/palauan.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="186">Omniglot, Cubeo (pãmié) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/cubeo.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="187">Editorial Alberto Lleras Camargo, Diccionario Ilustrado Bilingüe cubeo-español español-cubeo https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/10/58/27/10582785843693992331766506069073895620/40337_01.pdf (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="188">Omniglot, Inari Saami (Anarâškielâ) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/inarisami.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="189">Omniglot, Compiled by Wolfram Siegel, DAGBANI https://www.omniglot.com/charts/dagbani.pdf (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="190">Omniglot, Ewondo https://www.omniglot.com/writing/ewondo.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="191">Omniglot, Luganda (Oluganda) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/ganda.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="192">Omniglot, Adzera https://www.omniglot.com/writing/adzera.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="193">Omniglot, Ga (Gã) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/ga.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="194">Omniglot, Duala (Duálá) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/duala.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="195">Omniglot, Soga (Lusoga) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/soga.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="196">Omniglot, Alur (Lur) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/alur.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="197">Omniglot, Mandinka (Mandi’nka kango / لغة مندنكا) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/mandinka.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="198">Omniglot, Acholi (Lwo) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/acholi.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="199">Omniglot, Bambara (Bamanankan) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/bambara.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="200">Omniglot, Raga (Hano) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/raga.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="201">Omniglot, Tatar (tatarça / татарча / تاتارچا) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/tatar.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="202">Omniglot, Zaza (Zazaki / زازاکی) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/zazaki.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="203">Wikipedia, Turkish alphabet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_alphabet (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="204">School of English, Adam Michiewicz University, Poznań, Poland, Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics 43(1),2007, pp. 169-180, A Demographic Igbo Orthography https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/psicl.2007.43.issue-1/v10010-007-0009-0/v10010-007-0009-0.pdf (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="205">Omniglot, Igbo (Asụsụ Igbo) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/igbo.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="206">ItalianPod101, Italian Accents and Proper Italian Pronunciation https://www.italianpod101.com/italian-accents (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="208">Reverso Dictionary, venerdì translation | Italian-English dictionary https://dictionary.reverso.net/italian-english/venerd%C3%AC (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="209">Omniglot, Kikuyu (Gĩkũyũ) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/kikuyu.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="210">Omniglot, Hixkaryána https://www.omniglot.com/writing/hixkaryana.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="211">Omniglot, Maasai (ɔl Maa) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/maasai.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="212">Omniglot, Mossi (Mòoré) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/mossi.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="213">Omniglot, Jenesis. The Bible in Marshallese, 2009., Contributed by Wolfgang Kuhl https://www.omniglot.com/babel/marshallese.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="214">Wikipedia, Cedilla https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedilla#Marshallese (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="215">Wikipedia, Marshallese language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshallese_language#Display_issues (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="216">Trussel, Marshallese-English Online Dictionary https://www.trussel2.com/MOD/ (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="218">Omniglot, Susu (Sosoxi) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/susu.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="219">Omniglot, Zarma (Zarmaciine) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/zarma.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="220">Omniglot, Pitjantjatjara https://www.omniglot.com/writing/pitjantjatjara.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="221">Omniglot, Spanish (español/castellano) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/spanish.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="222">Omniglot, Filipino (wikang Filipino) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/filipino.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="223">Omniglot, Chavacano https://www.omniglot.com/writing/chavacano.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="224">Wikipedia, Ilocano language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocano_language#Modern_alphabet (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="225">Omniglot, Quechua (Runasimi) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/quechua.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="226">Wikipedia, Quechua alphabet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quechua_alphabet (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="227">Omniglot, Cape Verdean Creole (Kriolu) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/kriol.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="228">Omniglot, Waray-Waray https://www.omniglot.com/writing/waray.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="229">Omniglot, Lozi (siLozi) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/lozi.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="230">africanlanguages.com, Sesotho sa Leboa (Northern Sotho) https://africanlanguages.com/northern_sotho/ (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="232">Wikipedia, Chechen language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chechen_language (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="233">Omniglot, Hungarian (magyar) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/hungarian.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="234">Wikipedia, Hungarian alphabet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_alphabet (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="236">Omniglot, Lingala https://www.omniglot.com/writing/lingala.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="237">Omniglot, Akan https://www.omniglot.com/writing/akan.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="238">Wikipedia, Mossi language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mossi_language (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="239">SIL-Sudan, OCCASIONAL PAPERS in the study of SUDANESE LANGUAGES No. 9 (p. 75) https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/10/06/46/100646256099282892829790816212446104791/OPSL_9.pdf (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="240">Omniglot, Kanuri https://www.omniglot.com/writing/kanuri.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="241">Omniglot, Bugis (Basa Ugi ) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/bugis.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="242">Omniglot, Mizo (Mizo ṭawng) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/mizo.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="243">Omniglot, Miskito (Mískitu) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/miskito.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="245">Wikipedia, Papiamento https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papiamento (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="246">Omniglot, Papiamento (Papiamentu) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/papiamento.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="247">Omniglot, Chichewa (Chicheŵa) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/chichewa.php (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="248">Native Languages of the Americas website, Vocabulary in Native American Languages: Mam Words https://www.native-languages.org/mam_words.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="249">Omniglot, Mam (Qyol Mam) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/mam.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="250">Wikipedia, Pulaar language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulaar_language (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="251">Wikipedia, Fula language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fula_language#Writing_systems (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="252">Wikipedia, Polish alphabet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_alphabet (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="253">Wikipedia, French orthography https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="254">Omniglot, Yoruba (Èdè Yorùbá) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/yoruba.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="255">Omniglot, Esperanto https://www.omniglot.com/writing/esperanto.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="256">Omniglot, Welsh (Cymraeg) https://www.omniglot.com/writing/welsh.htm (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="257">Wikipedia, List of Latin-script letters https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_letters (Accessed on 4 September 2018)</reference>
+      <reference id="258">Omniglot, Montenegrin https://www.omniglot.com/writing/montenegrin.htm (Accessed on 20 March 2019)</reference>
+      <reference id="275">Omniglot, Shavante https://www.omniglot.com/writing/shavante.php (Accessed on 24 September 2020)</reference>
+      <reference id="276">Wikipedia, Malagasy Language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malagasy_language (Accessed on 24 September 2020)</reference>
+      <reference id="277">Wikipedia, Serer language, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serer_language, accessed on 6 April 2021</reference>
+      <reference id="278">Wikipedia, Kpelle language, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kpelle_language, accessed on 6 April 2021</reference>
+      <reference id="279">Wikipedia, Catalan Orthography, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_orthography, accessed on 28 November 2022</reference>
+      <reference id="280">Fundacio PuntCAT registry (.CAT), IDN table for CAT_ca Version 1.0, 12 February 2006, https://www.iana.org/domains/idn-tables/tables/cat_ca_1.0.html</reference>
+      <reference id="281">Fundacio PuntCAT registry (.CAT), Rules of the .cat domain, https://domini.cat/en/rules-of-the-cat-domain/</reference>
+      <reference id="320">RFC 5891, Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Protocol https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5891</reference>
+    </references>
+  </meta>
+  <data>
+    <char cp="002D" not-when="hyphen-minus-disallowed" tag="sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="HYPHEN-MINUS; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0030" tag="Common-digit sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="DIGIT ZERO; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0031" tag="Common-digit sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="DIGIT ONE; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0032" tag="Common-digit sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="DIGIT TWO; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0033" tag="Common-digit sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="DIGIT THREE; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0034" tag="Common-digit sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="DIGIT FOUR; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0035" tag="Common-digit sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="DIGIT FIVE; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0036" tag="Common-digit sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="DIGIT SIX; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0037" tag="Common-digit sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="DIGIT SEVEN; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0038" tag="Common-digit sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="DIGIT EIGHT; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0039" tag="Common-digit sc:Zyyy" ref="0" comment="DIGIT NINE; &#x235F;" />
+    <char cp="0061" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0062" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0063" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0064" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0065" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0066" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0067" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0068" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0069" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="006A" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="006B" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="006C" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="006D" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="006E" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="006F" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0070" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0071" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0072" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0073" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0074" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0075" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0076" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0077" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0078" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="0079" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="007A" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 99" comment="Basic Latin" />
+    <char cp="00E0" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 106 114 130 131 132" comment="Italian (1), French (1), Galician (2), Wolof (4)" />
+    <char cp="00E2" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 106 109 110 113 114 115 116 117 275" comment="Vietnamese (1), Romanian (1), Skolt Sami (2), French (1), Galician (2), West Frisian (1), Friulian (4), Xavante (4)" />
+    <char cp="00E3" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 141 142 143 144 145" comment="Umbundu (3), Guarani (1), Nauruan (3), Khoekhoe (4)" />
+    <char cp="00E4" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 107 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129" comment="German (1), Finnish (1), Turkmen (1), Estonian (1), Swedish (1), Lule Sami (2), Yapese (2), Dinka (4), Kaqchikel (4), Bashkir (4), Alsatian (5), Nuer (4)" />
+    <char cp="00E5" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 107 120 123 139 140" comment="Danish (1), Finnish (1),  Chamorro (1), Swedish (1), Lule Sami (2)" />
+    <char cp="00E6" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 102 103 139" comment="Danish (1), Icelandic (1), Faroese (2)" />
+    <char cp="00E7" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 106 114 116 121 127 157 158 159 160 161" comment="Turkish (1), Turkmen (1), Kurdish (2), French (1), Azerbaijani (1), Basque (1), Galician (2), Friulian (4), Bashkir (4)" />
+    <char cp="00E8" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 114 130 175 182 183" comment="French (1), Italian (1),  Afrikaans (1), Haitian Creole (1), French (1)" />
+    <char cp="00E9" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 100 101 102 105 106 114 115 117 130 132 275" comment="French (1), Italian (1),  Spanish (1), Czech (1), Icelandic (1), Chuukese (2), Galician (2), Wolof (4), Xavante (4), West Frisian (2)" />
+    <char cp="00EA" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109 114 115 116 158 173 174 175" comment="French (1), Tswana (1), Afrikaans (1), Vietnamese (1), Kurdish (2), West Frisian (2), Friulian (4)" />
+    <char cp="00EB" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 114 115 124 126 129 132 175 176 177 179 180" comment="Afrikaans (1), Albanian (1), French (1), Uyghur (2), Yapese (2), Wolof (4), Drehu (4), Kaqchikel (4), West Frisian (2), Nuer (4)" />
+    <char cp="00EC" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 130 206 208" comment="Italian (1)" />
+    <char cp="00EE" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 110 114 116 158 175" comment="Afrikaans (1), Romanian (1), Kurdish (2),  French (1), Friulian (4)" />
+    <char cp="00F0" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 102 103" comment="Faroese (2), Icelandic (1)" />
+    <char cp="00F2" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 130 182 183" comment="Italian (1), Haitian Creole (1)" />
+    <char cp="00F4" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 106 109 114 115 116 117 173 174 175 230 275" comment="Tswana (1), Afrikaans (1), Vietnamese (1), French (1), Northern Sotho (1), West Frisian (2), Galician (2), Friulian (4), Xavante (4)" />
+    <char cp="00F5" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 113 117 122 141 142 143 144 145 275" comment="Estonian (1), Skolt Sami (2), Umbundu (3), Guarani (1), Nauruan (3), Xavante (4), Khoekhoe (4)" />
+    <char cp="00F6" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 115 119 120 123 124 125 126 127 129 157 175 179 180 232" comment="German (1), Finnish (1), Afrikaans (1), Turkish (1), Swedish (1), Uygur (2), Yapese (2), Drehu (4), Kaqchikel (4), Dinka (4), Bashkir (4), Chechen (2),  1992 Version, West Frisian (2), Nuer (4)" />
+    <char cp="00F8" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 103 139" comment="Danish (1), Faroese (2)" />
+    <char cp="00F9" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 114 130 206 245 246 253" comment="Italian (1), French (1), Papiamento (1)" />
+    <char cp="00FB" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 114 115 116 158 175 202 243" comment="Afrikaans (1),  Kurdish (2), French (1), Miskito (2), West Frisian (2), Friulian (4), Zazaki (4)" />
+    <char cp="00FD" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 101 102 103 121 142 143" comment="Turkmen (1), Czech (1), Icelandic (1), Faroese (2), Guarani (1)" />
+    <char cp="00FE" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 102" comment="Icelandic (1)" />
+    <char cp="00FF" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 114 253 257" comment="French (1)" />
+    <char cp="0103" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109 110" comment="Vietnamese (1), Romanian (1)" />
+    <char cp="0105" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 137 138" comment="Polish (1), Lithuanian (1)" />
+    <char cp="0107" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 150 151 152" comment="Croatian (1), Serbian (1), Polish (1)" />
+    <char cp="0109" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 255" comment="Esperanto (3)" />
+    <char cp="010D" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 108 133 150 151 153 154" comment="Croatian (1), Serbian (1), Latvian (1), Slovak (1), Northern Sami (2), Lithuanian (1)" />
+    <char cp="010F" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 101 153" comment="Czech (1), Slovak (1)" />
+    <char cp="0111" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 108 109 150 151 168" comment="Croatian (1), Serbian (1), Vietnamese (1), Northern Sami (2), Brahui (5)" />
+    <char cp="0113" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 133 134 135 184" comment="Latvian (1), Hawaiian (2), Tongan (1), Minangkabau (5)" />
+    <char cp="0117" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 138 154" comment="Lithuanian (1)" />
+    <char cp="0119" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 138 152 154 185" comment="Polish (1), Palauan (2), Lithuanian (1)" />
+    <char cp="011B" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 101 172" comment="Czech (1), Sorbian (4)" />
+    <char cp="011D" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 255" comment="Esperanto (3)" />
+    <char cp="011F" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 127 157 159 201 202" comment="Turkish (1), Tatar (2),  Azeri (1), Bashkir (4), Zaza (5)" />
+    <char cp="0123" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 133 168" comment="Latvian (1), Brahui (5)" />
+    <char cp="0125" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 255" comment="Esperanto (3)" />
+    <char cp="0127" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 163" comment="Maltese (1)" />
+    <char cp="012B" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 133 134 135 138" comment="Latvian (1), Lithuanian (1),  Hawaiian (2), Tongan (1)" />
+    <char cp="012F" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 154" comment="Lithuanian (1)" />
+    <char cp="0135" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 255" comment="Esperanto (3)" />
+    <char cp="0137" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 133" comment="Latvian (1)" />
+    <char cp="013A" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 153" comment="Slovak (1)" />
+    <char cp="013C" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 133 168 213 214" comment="Latvian (1), Marshallese (1), Brahui (5)" />
+    <char cp="013E" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 153" comment="Slovak (1)" />
+    <char cp="0142" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 152" comment="Polish (1)" />
+    <char cp="0146" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 133 136" comment="Latvian (1), Marshallese (1)" />
+    <char cp="0148" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 101 121 153" comment="Turkmen (1), Czech (1), Slovak (1)" />
+    <char cp="0151" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 233 234" comment="Hungarian (1)" />
+    <char cp="0153" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 114 253" comment="French (1)" />
+    <char cp="0155" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 153 168" comment="Slovak (1), Brahui (5)" />
+    <char cp="0159" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 101 172" comment="Czech (1), Sorbian (4)" />
+    <char cp="015B" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 152 258" comment="Polish (1), Montenegrin (1)" />
+    <char cp="015D" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 255" comment="Esperanto (3)" />
+    <char cp="015F" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 121 127 157 158 159 168 201 202" comment="Turkish (1), Turkmen (1), Kurdish (2), Tatar (2), Azeri (1), Bashkir (4), Brahui (5), Zaza (5)" />
+    <char cp="0161" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 108 133 150 151 154 174 230" comment="Tswana (1), Croatian (1), Serbian (1), Latvian (1), Northern Sotho (1), Northern Sami (2), Lithuanian (1)" />
+    <char cp="0165" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 101 153" comment="Czech (1), Slovak (1)" />
+    <char cp="0167" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 108 168" comment="Northern Sami (2), Brahui (5)" />
+    <char cp="016B" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 133 134 135 136 138 154" comment="Latvian (1), Hawaiian (2), Lithuanian (1), Marshallese (1), Tongan (1)" />
+    <char cp="016D" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 255" comment="Esperanto (3)" />
+    <char cp="016F" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 101" comment="Czech (1)" />
+    <char cp="0171" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 233 234" comment="Hungarian (1)" />
+    <char cp="0173" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 138 154" comment="Lithuanian (1)" />
+    <char cp="0175" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 247 256" comment="Chichewa (3), Welsh (2)" />
+    <char cp="0177" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 256" comment="Welsh (2)" />
+    <char cp="017A" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 152 168 172 252 258" comment="Polish (1), Brahui (5), Sorbian (4), Montenegrin (1)" />
+    <char cp="017E" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 108 121 133 150 151 153 154 232" comment="Lithuanian (1), Croatian (1), Serbian (1), Turkmen (1), Latvian (1), Slovak (1), Northern Sami (2), Chechen (2) 1925 Version" />
+    <char cp="0188" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 277" comment="Serer (5)" />
+    <char cp="0199" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 147" comment="Hausa (2)" />
+    <char cp="01A1" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="01A5" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 277" comment="Serer (5)" />
+    <char cp="01AD" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 277" comment="Serer (5)" />
+    <char cp="01B0" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="01B4" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 148 149 251" comment="Dagaare - Burkina Faso (4), Fula (3)" />
+    <char cp="01E9" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 113" comment="Skolt Sami (2)" />
+    <char cp="01EF" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 113" comment="Skolt Sami (2)" />
+    <char cp="0219" tag="sc:Latn" ref="3 110" comment="Romanian (1)" />
+    <char cp="021B" tag="sc:Latn" ref="3 110" comment="Romanian (1)" />
+    <char cp="024D" tag="sc:Latn" ref="8 240" comment="Kanuri (3)" />
+    <char cp="0253" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 147 148 250" comment="Hausa (2), Dagaare - Burkina Faso (4),  Pulaar (3)" />
+    <char cp="0254" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 129 146 148 169 170 189 190 193 194 236 237" comment="Dagaare - Burkina Faso (4), Dagbani (Dagomba) (4), Lingala (2), Akan (3), Ewondo (3), Fon (3), Nuer (4), Ga (4), Duala (3), EWE (3), Nuer (4)" />
+    <char cp="0256" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 169 170" comment="Fon (3), Ewe (3)" />
+    <char cp="0257" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 147 149 250" comment="Hausa (2), Fula (3)" />
+    <char cp="0259" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 159 170 190 241" comment="Azeri, Azerbaijani (1), Ewondo (3), Ewe (3), Bugis (3)" />
+    <char cp="025B" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 129 148 169 170 189 190 193 194 199 212 236 237 238" comment="Dagaare - Burkina Faso (4), Lingala (2), Akan (3), Ewondo (3), Dagbani (Dagomba),  (4), Fon (3), Mossi (3), Ga (4), Ewe (3), Duala (3), Bambara (4), Nuer (4)" />
+    <char cp="0260" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 278" comment="Kpelle (5)" />
+    <char cp="0268" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 186 189 210 211" comment="Cubeo (3), Dagbani (Dagomba) (4), HIxkaryána (4), Maasai (5)" />
+    <char cp="0272" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 199 218 219" comment="Susu (4), Zarma (4), Bambara (4)" />
+    <char cp="0289" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 186 187 211" comment="Cubeo (3), Maasai (5)" />
+    <char cp="0292" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 113 189" comment="Skolt Sami (2), Dagbani (Dagomba) (4)" />
+    <char cp="1E13" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 164 257" comment="Venda (1)" />
+    <char cp="1E3D" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 164 257" comment="Venda (1)" />
+    <char cp="1E49" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 220" comment="Pitjantjatjara (4)" />
+    <char cp="1E4B" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 164 257" comment="Venda (1)" />
+    <char cp="1E63" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 254" comment="Yoruba (2)" />
+    <char cp="1E6D" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 242" comment="Mizo (4)" />
+    <char cp="1E71" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 164 257" comment="Venda (1)" />
+    <char cp="1E8D" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 248 249" comment="Mam (4)" />
+    <char cp="1EA1" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EA5" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EA7" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EA9" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EAB" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EAD" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EAF" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EB1" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EB3" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EB5" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EB7" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EB9" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 254" comment="Yoruba (2)" />
+    <char cp="1EBB" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EBF" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EC1" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EC3" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EC5" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EC7" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1ECB" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 205" comment="Igbo (2)" />
+    <char cp="1ECD" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 136 204 205 215 216 254" comment="Igbo (2), Yoruba (2), Marshallese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1ED1" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1ED3" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1ED5" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1ED7" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1ED9" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EDB" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EDD" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EDF" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EE1" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EE3" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EE5" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109 204 205" comment="Vietnamese (1), Igbo (2)" />
+    <char cp="1EE9" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EEB" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EED" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EEF" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EF1" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EF5" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109" comment="Vietnamese (1)" />
+    <char cp="1EF9" tag="sc:Latn" ref="0 109 142" comment="Vietnamese (1), Guarani (1)" />
+  </data>
+  <!--Rules section goes here-->
+  <rules>
+    <!--Character class definitions go here-->
+    <!--Whole label evaluation and context rules go here-->
+    <rule name="leading-combining-mark" ref="320" comment="RFC 5891 restrictions on placement of combining marks &#x235F;">
+      <start />
+      <union>
+        <class property="gc:Mn" />
+        <class property="gc:Mc" />
+      </union>
+    </rule>
+    <rule name="hyphen-minus-disallowed" ref="320" comment="RFC 5891 restrictions on placement of U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS &#x235F;">
+      <choice>
+        <rule comment="no leading hyphen">
+          <look-behind>
+            <start />
+          </look-behind>
+          <anchor />
+        </rule>
+        <rule comment="no trailing hyphen">
+          <anchor />
+          <look-ahead>
+            <end />
+          </look-ahead>
+        </rule>
+        <rule comment="no consecutive hyphens in third and fourth">
+          <look-behind>
+            <start />
+            <any />
+            <any />
+            <char cp="002D" comment="hyphen-minus" />
+          </look-behind>
+          <anchor />
+        </rule>
+      </choice>
+    </rule>
+    <!--Action elements go here - order defines precedence-->
+    <action disp="invalid" match="leading-combining-mark" comment="labels with leading combining marks are invalid &#x235F;" />
+    <action disp="invalid" any-variant="out-of-repertoire-var" comment="any variant label with a code point out of repertoire is invalid &#x235F;" />
+    <action disp="invalid" match="dot-L-dot" comment="labels with one L sharing two middle dots are invalid" />
+    <action disp="blocked" any-variant="blocked" comment="any variant label containing blocked variants is blocked &#x235F;" />
+    <action disp="allocatable" all-variants="allocatable" comment="variant labels with all variants allocatable are allocatable &#x235F;" />
+    <action disp="allocatable" all-variants="fallback" comment="any label with all variants of type fallback is allocatable &#x235F;" />
+    <action disp="blocked" any-variant="fallback" comment="any variant label with a mix of variant forms is blocked &#x235F;" />
+    <action disp="valid" all-variants="r-original" comment="any remaining label containing only original code points is valid  &#x235F;" />
+    <action disp="valid" comment="catch all (default action) &#x235F;" />
+  </rules>
+</lgr>
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/module/RequestComponent.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/module/RequestComponent.java
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import google.registry.batch.DeleteLoadTestDataAction;
 import google.registry.batch.DeleteProberDataAction;
 import google.registry.batch.ExpandBillingRecurrencesAction;
 import google.registry.batch.RelockDomainAction;
+import google.registry.batch.RemoveAllDomainContactsAction;
 import google.registry.batch.ResaveAllEppResourcesPipelineAction;
 import google.registry.batch.ResaveEntityAction;
 import google.registry.batch.SendExpiringCertificateNotificationEmailAction;
@@ -270,6 +271,8 @@ interface RequestComponent {

  ReadinessProbeActionFrontend readinessProbeActionFrontend();

+  RemoveAllDomainContactsAction removeAllDomainContactsAction();
+
  RdapAutnumAction rdapAutnumAction();

  RdapDomainAction rdapDomainAction();
--- a/core/src/main/java/google/registry/module/backend/BackendRequestComponent.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/google/registry/module/backend/BackendRequestComponent.java
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import google.registry.batch.DeleteLoadTestDataAction;
 import google.registry.batch.DeleteProberDataAction;
 import google.registry.batch.ExpandBillingRecurrencesAction;
 import google.registry.batch.RelockDomainAction;
+import google.registry.batch.RemoveAllDomainContactsAction;
 import google.registry.batch.ResaveAllEppResourcesPipelineAction;
 import google.registry.batch.ResaveEntityAction;
 import google.registry.batch.SendExpiringCertificateNotificationEmailAction;
@@ -153,6 +154,8 @@ public interface BackendRequestComponent {

  RelockDomainAction relockDomainAction();

+  RemoveAllDomainContactsAction removeAllDomainContactsAction();
+
  ResaveAllEppResourcesPipelineAction resaveAllEppResourcesPipelineAction();

  ResaveEntityAction resaveEntityAction();
--- a/core/src/main/resources/google/registry/batch/domain_remove_contacts.xml
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/google/registry/batch/domain_remove_contacts.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0">
+  <command>
+    <update>
+      <domain:update xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0">
+        <domain:name>%DOMAIN%</domain:name>
+        <domain:rem>
+          %CONTACTS%
+        </domain:rem>
+        <domain:chg>
+          <domain:registrant/>
+        </domain:chg>
+      </domain:update>
+    </update>
+    <extension>
+      <metadata:metadata xmlns:metadata="urn:google:params:xml:ns:metadata-1.0">
+        <metadata:reason>Registry minimum data set phase 3: Removed all contacts from domain.</metadata:reason>
+        <metadata:requestedByRegistrar>false</metadata:requestedByRegistrar>
+      </metadata:metadata>
+    </extension>
+    <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
+  </command>
+</epp>
--- a/core/src/test/java/google/registry/batch/RemoveAllDomainContactsActionTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/google/registry/batch/RemoveAllDomainContactsActionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package google.registry.batch;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureName.MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED;
+import static google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag.FeatureStatus.ACTIVE;
+import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.createTld;
+import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.loadByEntity;
+import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.newDomain;
+import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.persistActiveContact;
+import static google.registry.testing.DatabaseHelper.persistResource;
+import static google.registry.util.DateTimeUtils.START_OF_TIME;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSortedMap;
+import google.registry.flows.DaggerEppTestComponent;
+import google.registry.flows.EppController;
+import google.registry.flows.EppTestComponent.FakesAndMocksModule;
+import google.registry.model.common.FeatureFlag;
+import google.registry.model.contact.Contact;
+import google.registry.model.domain.Domain;
+import google.registry.persistence.transaction.JpaTestExtensions;
+import google.registry.persistence.transaction.JpaTestExtensions.JpaIntegrationTestExtension;
+import google.registry.testing.FakeClock;
+import google.registry.testing.FakeLockHandler;
+import google.registry.testing.FakeResponse;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import org.joda.time.DateTime;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.RegisterExtension;
+
+/** Unit tests for {@link RemoveAllDomainContactsAction}. */
+class RemoveAllDomainContactsActionTest {
+
+  @RegisterExtension
+  final JpaIntegrationTestExtension jpa =
+      new JpaTestExtensions.Builder().buildIntegrationTestExtension();
+
+  private final FakeResponse response = new FakeResponse();
+  private RemoveAllDomainContactsAction action;
+
+  @BeforeEach
+  void beforeEach() {
+    createTld("tld");
+    persistResource(
+        new FeatureFlag.Builder()
+            .setFeatureName(MINIMUM_DATASET_CONTACTS_PROHIBITED)
+            .setStatusMap(ImmutableSortedMap.of(START_OF_TIME, ACTIVE))
+            .build());
+    EppController eppController =
+        DaggerEppTestComponent.builder()
+            .fakesAndMocksModule(FakesAndMocksModule.create(new FakeClock()))
+            .build()
+            .startRequest()
+            .eppController();
+    action =
+        new RemoveAllDomainContactsAction(
+            eppController, "NewRegistrar", new FakeLockHandler(true), response);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void test_removesAllContactsFromMultipleDomains_andDoesntModifyDomainThatHasNoContacts() {
+    Contact c1 = persistActiveContact("contact12345");
+    Domain d1 = persistResource(newDomain("foo.tld", c1));
+    assertThat(d1.getAllContacts()).hasSize(3);
+    Contact c2 = persistActiveContact("contact23456");
+    Domain d2 = persistResource(newDomain("bar.tld", c2));
+    assertThat(d2.getAllContacts()).hasSize(3);
+    Domain d3 =
+        persistResource(
+            newDomain("baz.tld")
+                .asBuilder()
+                .setRegistrant(Optional.empty())
+                .setContacts(ImmutableSet.of())
+                .build());
+    assertThat(d3.getAllContacts()).isEmpty();
+    DateTime lastUpdate = d3.getUpdateTimestamp().getTimestamp();
+
+    action.run();
+    assertThat(loadByEntity(d1).getAllContacts()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(loadByEntity(d2).getAllContacts()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(loadByEntity(d3).getUpdateTimestamp().getTimestamp()).isEqualTo(lastUpdate);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void test_removesContacts_onDomainsThatOnlyPartiallyHaveContacts() {
+    Contact c1 = persistActiveContact("contact12345");
+    Domain d1 =
+        persistResource(
+            newDomain("foo.tld", c1).asBuilder().setContacts(ImmutableSet.of()).build());
+    assertThat(d1.getAllContacts()).hasSize(1);
+    Contact c2 = persistActiveContact("contact23456");
+    Domain d2 =
+        persistResource(
+            newDomain("bar.tld", c2).asBuilder().setRegistrant(Optional.empty()).build());
+    assertThat(d2.getAllContacts()).hasSize(2);
+
+    action.run();
+    assertThat(loadByEntity(d1).getAllContacts()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(loadByEntity(d2).getAllContacts()).isEmpty();
+  }
+}
--- a/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/module/backend/backend_routing.txt
+++ b/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/module/backend/backend_routing.txt
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ BACKEND /_dr/task/rdeUpload                                RdeUploadAction
 BACKEND /_dr/task/readDnsRefreshRequests                   ReadDnsRefreshRequestsAction                   POST     y  APP ADMIN
 BACKEND /_dr/task/refreshDnsOnHostRename                   RefreshDnsOnHostRenameAction                   POST     n  APP ADMIN
 BACKEND /_dr/task/relockDomain                             RelockDomainAction                             POST     y  APP ADMIN
+BACKEND /_dr/task/removeAllDomainContacts                  RemoveAllDomainContactsAction                  POST     n  APP ADMIN
 BACKEND /_dr/task/resaveAllEppResourcesPipeline            ResaveAllEppResourcesPipelineAction            GET      n  APP ADMIN
 BACKEND /_dr/task/resaveEntity                             ResaveEntityAction                             POST     n  APP ADMIN
 BACKEND /_dr/task/sendExpiringCertificateNotificationEmail SendExpiringCertificateNotificationEmailAction GET      n  APP ADMIN
--- a/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/module/routing.txt
+++ b/core/src/test/resources/google/registry/module/routing.txt
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ BACKEND  /_dr/task/readDnsRefreshRequests                   ReadDnsRefreshReques
 BACKEND  /_dr/task/refreshDnsForAllDomains                  RefreshDnsForAllDomainsAction                  GET                 n  APP  ADMIN
 BACKEND  /_dr/task/refreshDnsOnHostRename                   RefreshDnsOnHostRenameAction                   POST                n  APP  ADMIN
 BACKEND  /_dr/task/relockDomain                             RelockDomainAction                             POST                y  APP  ADMIN
+BACKEND  /_dr/task/removeAllDomainContacts                  RemoveAllDomainContactsAction                  POST                n  APP  ADMIN
 BACKEND  /_dr/task/resaveAllEppResourcesPipeline            ResaveAllEppResourcesPipelineAction            GET                 n  APP  ADMIN
 BACKEND  /_dr/task/resaveEntity                             ResaveEntityAction                             POST                n  APP  ADMIN
 BACKEND  /_dr/task/sendExpiringCertificateNotificationEmail SendExpiringCertificateNotificationEmailAction GET                 n  APP  ADMIN
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Pavlo Tkach	5700a008d6	Add console history frontend (#2832 )	2025-09-26 21:25:03 +00:00
Ben McIlwain	dc9f5b99bc	Add a batch action to remove all contacts from domains (#2827 ) This implements the first part of Minimum Data Set phase 3, wherein we delete all contact data. This action is necessary to leave a permanent record on the domain (in the form of a domain history entry) documenting when the contacts were removed by the administrative user. Then, after this has finished removing all contact assocations, we can simply empty out or drop the Contact/ContactHistory tables and associated join tables.	2025-09-25 20:47:17 +00:00
Ben McIlwain	d3c6de7a38	Modify the base Latin LGR with our intended changes to improve security (#2829 )	2025-09-24 21:04:37 +00:00
Ben McIlwain	3c3303c16a	Add ICANN's reference Latin LGR in RFC 7940 XML format (#2828 ) In the next commit I will make changes to this file so it supports just the basic Latin characters that we want, but it's good to check the base version in so that we can see diffs. This was downloaded from https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-latin-script-25oct24-en.xml	2025-09-19 16:42:46 +00:00