It was observed twice that the test times out in debug mode.
Fix by increasing the timeout.
The test never expects a timeout, so increasing it won't increase
the test duration.
Fixes#28028Closesscylladb/scylladb#28272
Test that the new configuration options work and that we can
connect to them. Use direct connections with an inline implementation
of the proxy protocol and the CQL native protocol, since we want
to maintain direct control over the source port number (for shard-aware
ports). Also test we land on the expected shard.