We will want to reuse the min_size mechanism for the whole compaction
threshold, including the occupancy threshold. That threshold is close
to the segment size and we cannot pick a power of two which would be
close enough to what we need.
Therefore, change log_histogram to support arbitrary minimum base.
bucket_of() was moved into log_histogram_options so that it can be used
in number_of_buckets(), which makes for a simple and much less
error-prone implementation.