assert() is traditionally disabled in release builds, but not in
scylladb. This hasn't caused problems so far, but the latest abseil
release includes a commit [1] that causes a 1000 insn/op regression when
NDEBUG is not defined.
Clearly, we must move towards a build system where NDEBUG is defined in
release builds. But we can't just define it blindly without vetting
all the assert() calls, as some were written with the expectation that
they are enabled in release mode.
To solve the conundrum, change all assert() calls to a new SCYLLA_ASSERT()
macro in utils/assert.hh. This macro is always defined and is not conditional
on NDEBUG, so we can later (after vetting Seastar) enable NDEBUG in release
mode.
[1] 66ef711d68Closesscylladb/scylladb#20006
The utils::make_nested_exception_ptr function works similar to
std::throw_with_nested, but instead of storing the currently thrown
exception as the nested exception and then immediately throwing the new
exception, it receives the nested exception as an std::exception_ptr and
also returns an std::exception_ptr.
If the standard library supports it, the function does not perform any
throws. Otherwise the fallback logic performs two throws.
Introduces a utility function which allows obtaining a pointer to the
exception data held behind an std::exception_ptr if the data matches the
requested type. It can be used to implement manual but concise
try..catch chains.
The `try_catch` has the best performance when used with libstdc++ as it
uses the stdlib specific functions for simulating a try..catch without
having to actually throw. For other stdlibs, the implementation falls
back to a throw surrounded by an actual try..catch.
