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<section id="cloud-instance-recommendations-for-aws-gcp-and-azure">
<h1>Cloud Instance Recommendations for AWS, GCP, and Azure<a class="headerlink" href="#cloud-instance-recommendations-for-aws-gcp-and-azure" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>You can run your ScyllaDB workloads on AWS, GCE, and Azure using a ScyllaDB image. This page includes the recommended instance types to be used with ScyllaDB.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The following recommendations apply to self-managed deployments. See the <a class="reference external" href="https://cloud.docs.scylladb.com/">ScyllaDB Cloud documentation</a> to learn about ScyllaDBs fully managed database-as-a-service.</p>
</div>
<section id="amazon-web-services-aws">
<span id="system-requirements-aws"></span><h2>Amazon Web Services (AWS)<a class="headerlink" href="#amazon-web-services-aws" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>The recommended instance types are <a class="reference internal" href="#system-requirements-i3en-instances"><span class="std std-ref">i3en</span></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="#system-requirements-i4i-instances"><span class="std std-ref">i4i</span></a>.</p></li>
<li><p>We recommend using enhanced networking that exposes the physical network cards to the VM.</p></li>
</ul>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Some of the ScyllaDB configuration features rely on querying instance metadata.
Disabling access to instance metadata will impact using Ec2 Snitches and tuning performance.
See <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/configuring-instance-metadata-options.html">AWS - Configure the instance metadata options</a> for more information.</p>
</div>
<section id="i3en-instances">
<span id="system-requirements-i3en-instances"></span><h3>i3en instances<a class="headerlink" href="#i3en-instances" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>i3en instances have up to 4x the networking bandwidth of i3 instances, enabling up to 100 Gbps of sustained network bandwidth.</p>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Model</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>vCPU</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Mem (GB)</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Storage (NVMe SSD)</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>i3en.large</p></td>
<td><p>2</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td><p>1 x 1,250 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>i3en.xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>4</p></td>
<td><p>32</p></td>
<td><p>1 x 2,500 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>i3en.2xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>2 x 2,500 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>i3en.3xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>12</p></td>
<td><p>96</p></td>
<td><p>1 x 7,500 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>i3en.6xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>24</p></td>
<td><p>192</p></td>
<td><p>2 x 7,500 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>i3en.12xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>48</p></td>
<td><p>384</p></td>
<td><p>4 x 7,500 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>i3en.24xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>96</p></td>
<td><p>768</p></td>
<td><p>8 x 7,500 GB</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>All i3en instances have the following specs:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>3.1 GHz all-core turbo Intel® Xeon® Scalable (Skylake) processors</p></li>
<li><p>Intel AVX†, Intel AVX2†, Intel AVX-512†, Intel Turbo</p></li>
<li><p>EBS Optimized</p></li>
<li><p>Enhanced Networking</p></li>
</ul>
<p>See <a class="reference external" href="https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/i3en/">Amazon EC2 I3en Instances</a> for details.</p>
</section>
<section id="i4i-instances">
<span id="system-requirements-i4i-instances"></span><h3>i4i instances<a class="headerlink" href="#i4i-instances" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Model</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>vCPU</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Mem (GB)</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Storage (NVMe SSD)</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>i4i.large</p></td>
<td><p>2</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td><p>1 x 468 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>i4i.xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>4</p></td>
<td><p>32</p></td>
<td><p>1 x 937 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>i4i.2xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>1 x 1,875 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>i4i.4xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td><p>128</p></td>
<td><p>1 x 3,750 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>i4i.8xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>32</p></td>
<td><p>256</p></td>
<td><p>2 x 3,750 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>i4i.16xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>512</p></td>
<td><p>4 x 3,750 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>i4i.32xlarge</p></td>
<td><p>128</p></td>
<td><p>1,024</p></td>
<td><p>8 x 3,750 GB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>i4i.metal</p></td>
<td><p>128</p></td>
<td><p>1,024</p></td>
<td><p>8 x 3,750 GB</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>All i4i instances have the following specs:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>3.5 GHz all-core turbo Intel® Xeon® Scalable (Ice Lake) processors</p></li>
<li><p>40 Gbps bandwidth to EBS in the largest size and up to 10 Gbps in the four smallest sizes (twice that of i3 instances. Up to 75 Gbps networking bandwidth (three times more than I3 instances).</p></li>
<li><p>AWS Nitro SSD storage</p></li>
</ul>
<p>See <a class="reference external" href="https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/i4i/">Amazon EC2 I4i Instances</a> for specification details.</p>
<p>See <a class="reference external" href="https://www.scylladb.com/2022/05/09/scylladb-on-the-new-aws-ec2-i4i-instances-twice-the-throughput-lower-latency/">ScyllaDB on the New AWS EC2 I4i Instances: Twice the Throughput &amp; Lower Latency</a> to
learn more about using ScyllaDB with i4i instances.</p>
</section>
<section id="im4gn-and-is4gen-instances">
<h3>Im4gn and Is4gen instances<a class="headerlink" href="#im4gn-and-is4gen-instances" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>ScyllaDB supports Arm-based Im4gn and Is4gen instances. See <a class="reference external" href="https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/i4g/">Amazon EC2 Im4gn and Is4gen instances</a> for specification details.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="google-compute-engine-gce">
<span id="system-requirements-gcp"></span><h2>Google Compute Engine (GCE)<a class="headerlink" href="#google-compute-engine-gce" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>Pick a zone where Haswell CPUs are found. Local SSD performance offers, according to Google, less than 1 ms of latency and up to 680,000 read IOPS and 360,000 write IOPS.
Image with NVMe disk interface is recommended, CentOS 7 for ScyllaDB Enterprise 2020.1 and older, and Ubuntu 20 for 2021.1 and later.
(<a class="reference external" href="https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/disks/local-ssd">More info</a>)</p>
<p>Recommended instances types are <a class="reference external" href="https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/general-purpose-machines#n1_machines">n1-highmem</a> and <a class="reference external" href="https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/general-purpose-machines#n2_machines">n2-highmem</a></p>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30.0%" />
<col style="width: 20.0%" />
<col style="width: 20.0%" />
<col style="width: 30.0%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Model</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>vCPU</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Mem (GB)</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Storage (GB)</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>n1-highmem-2</p></td>
<td><p>2</p></td>
<td><p>13</p></td>
<td><p>375</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>n1-highmem-4</p></td>
<td><p>4</p></td>
<td><p>26</p></td>
<td><p>750</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>n1-highmem-8</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td><p>52</p></td>
<td><p>1,500</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>n1-highmem-16</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td><p>104</p></td>
<td><p>3,000</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>n1-highmem-32</p></td>
<td><p>32</p></td>
<td><p>208</p></td>
<td><p>6,000</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>n1-highmem-64</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>416</p></td>
<td><p>9,000</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30.0%" />
<col style="width: 20.0%" />
<col style="width: 20.0%" />
<col style="width: 30.0%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Model</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>vCPU</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Mem (GB)</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Storage (GB)</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>n2-highmem-2</p></td>
<td><p>2</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td><p>375</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>n2-highmem-4</p></td>
<td><p>4</p></td>
<td><p>32</p></td>
<td><p>750</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>n2-highmem-8</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>1500</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>n2-highmem-16</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td><p>128</p></td>
<td><p>3,000</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>n2-highmem-32</p></td>
<td><p>32</p></td>
<td><p>256</p></td>
<td><p>9,000</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>n2-highmem-48</p></td>
<td><p>48</p></td>
<td><p>384</p></td>
<td><p>9,000</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>n2-highmem-64</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>512</p></td>
<td><p>9,000</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>n2-highmem-80</p></td>
<td><p>80</p></td>
<td><p>640</p></td>
<td><p>9,000</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Storage: each instance can support maximum of 24 local SSD of 375 GB partitions each for a total of <a class="reference external" href="https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/disks">9 TB per instance</a></p>
</section>
<section id="microsoft-azure">
<span id="system-requirements-azure"></span><h2>Microsoft Azure<a class="headerlink" href="#microsoft-azure" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/lsv3-series/">Lsv3-series</a> of Azure Virtual Machines (Azure VMs) features high-throughput, low latency, directly mapped local NVMe storage. These VMs run on the 3rd Generation Intel® Xeon® Platinum 8370C (Ice Lake) processor in a hyper-threaded configuration.</p>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30.0%" />
<col style="width: 20.0%" />
<col style="width: 20.0%" />
<col style="width: 30.0%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Model</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>vCPU</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Mem (GB)</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Storage</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Standard_L8s_v3</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>1 x 1.92 TB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Standard_L16s_v3</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td><p>128</p></td>
<td><p>2 x 1.92 TB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Standard_L32s_v3</p></td>
<td><p>32</p></td>
<td><p>256</p></td>
<td><p>4 x 1.92 TB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Standard_L48s_v3</p></td>
<td><p>48</p></td>
<td><p>384</p></td>
<td><p>6 x 1.92 TB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Standard_L64s_v3</p></td>
<td><p>64</p></td>
<td><p>512</p></td>
<td><p>8 x 1.92 TB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Standard_L80s_v3</p></td>
<td><p>80</p></td>
<td><p>640</p></td>
<td><p>10 x 1.92 TB</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>More on Azure Lsv3 instances <a class="reference external" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/lsv3-series/">here</a></p>
</section>
<section id="oracle-cloud-infrastructure-oci">
<h2>Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI)<a class="headerlink" href="#oracle-cloud-infrastructure-oci" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>An OCPU is defined as the CPU capacity equivalent of one physical core of an Intel Xeon processor with hyperthreading enabled.
For Intel Xeon processors, each OCPU corresponds to two hardware execution threads, known as vCPUs.</p>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30.0%" />
<col style="width: 20.0%" />
<col style="width: 20.0%" />
<col style="width: 30.0%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Model</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>OCPU</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Mem (GB)</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Storage</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>VM.DenseIO2.8</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td><p>120</p></td>
<td><p>6.4 TB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>VM.DenseIO2.16</p></td>
<td><p>16</p></td>
<td><p>240</p></td>
<td><p>12.8 TB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>VM.DenseIO2.24</p></td>
<td><p>24</p></td>
<td><p>320</p></td>
<td><p>25.6 TB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>BM.DenseIO2.52</p></td>
<td><p>52</p></td>
<td><p>768</p></td>
<td><p>51.2 TB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>BM.HPC2.36</p></td>
<td><p>36</p></td>
<td><p>384</p></td>
<td><p>6.7 TB</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/admin-tools/cassandra-stress.html">cassandra-stress</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/admin-tools/sstabledump.html">SSTabledump</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/admin-tools/sstablemetadata.html">SSTableMetadata</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html">ScyllaDB Logs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/admin-tools/perftune.html">Seastar Perftune</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/admin-tools/virtual-tables.html">Virtual Tables</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/admin-tools/select-from-mutation-fragments.html">Reading mutation fragments</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/admin-tools/maintenance-socket.html">Maintenance socket</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/admin-tools/maintenance-mode.html">Maintenance mode</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/admin-tools/task-manager.html">Task manager</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="https://monitoring.docs.scylladb.com/">ScyllaDB Monitoring Stack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="https://operator.docs.scylladb.com/">ScyllaDB Operator</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="https://manager.docs.scylladb.com/">ScyllaDB Manager</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../upgrade/scylladb-versioning.html">ScyllaDB Versioning</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../upgrade/upgrade-opensource/index.html">ScyllaDB Open Source Upgrade</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../upgrade/upgrade-to-enterprise/index.html">ScyllaDB Open Source to ScyllaDB Enterprise Upgrade</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../upgrade/ami-upgrade.html">ScyllaDB Image</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference external" href="https://enterprise.docs.scylladb.com/stable/upgrade/upgrade-enterprise/index.html">ScyllaDB Enterprise</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/system-configuration/index.html">System Configuration</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-11" name="toctree-checkbox-11" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-11"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/system-configuration/snitch.html">ScyllaDB Snitches</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/benchmarking-scylla.html">Benchmarking ScyllaDB</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/diagnostics.html">ScyllaDB Diagnostic Tools</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../using-scylla/index.html">ScyllaDB for Developers</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-12" name="toctree-checkbox-12" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-12"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.scylladb.com/stable/get-started/develop-with-scylladb/index.html">Develop with ScyllaDB</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.scylladb.com/stable/get-started/develop-with-scylladb/tutorials-example-projects.html">Tutorials and Example Projects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.scylladb.com/stable/get-started/learn-resources/index.html">Learn to Use ScyllaDB</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../using-scylla/alternator/index.html">ScyllaDB Alternator</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../using-scylla/drivers/dynamo-drivers/index.html">ScyllaDB DynamoDB Drivers</a></li>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/index.html">CQL Reference</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-14" name="toctree-checkbox-14" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-14"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/cqlsh.html">CQLSh: the CQL shell</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/appendices.html">Appendices</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/compaction.html">Compaction</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/consistency.html">Consistency Levels</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/consistency-calculator.html">Consistency Level Calculator</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/ddl.html">Data Definition</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/dml.html">Data Manipulation</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-15" name="toctree-checkbox-15" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-15"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/dml/select.html">SELECT</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/dml/insert.html">INSERT</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/dml/update.html">UPDATE</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/dml/delete.html">DELETE</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/dml/batch.html">BATCH</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/types.html">Data Types</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/definitions.html">Definitions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/secondary-indexes.html">Global Secondary Indexes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/time-to-live.html">Expiring Data with Time to Live (TTL)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/functions.html">Functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/wasm.html">Wasm support for user-defined functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/json.html">JSON Support</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/mv.html">Materialized Views</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/non-reserved-keywords.html">Non-Reserved CQL Keywords</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/reserved-keywords.html">Reserved CQL Keywords</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/service-levels.html">Service Levels</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/cql-extensions.html">ScyllaDB CQL Extensions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../alternator/alternator.html">Alternator: DynamoDB API in Scylla</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-16" name="toctree-checkbox-16" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-16"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../alternator/getting-started.html">Getting Started With ScyllaDB Alternator</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../alternator/compatibility.html">ScyllaDB Alternator for DynamoDB users</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/index.html">Features</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-17" name="toctree-checkbox-17" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-17"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/lwt.html">Lightweight Transactions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/secondary-indexes.html">Global Secondary Indexes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/local-secondary-indexes.html">Local Secondary Indexes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/materialized-views.html">Materialized Views</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/counters.html">Counters</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/cdc/index.html">Change Data Capture</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-18" name="toctree-checkbox-18" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-18"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/cdc/cdc-intro.html">CDC Overview</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/cdc/cdc-log-table.html">The CDC Log Table</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/cdc/cdc-basic-operations.html">Basic operations in CDC</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/cdc/cdc-streams.html">CDC Streams</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/cdc/cdc-stream-generations.html">CDC Stream Generations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/cdc/cdc-querying-streams.html">Querying CDC Streams</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/cdc/cdc-advanced-types.html">Advanced column types</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/cdc/cdc-preimages.html">Preimages and postimages</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/cdc/cdc-consistency.html">Data Consistency in CDC</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/workload-attributes.html">Workload Attributes</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/index.html">ScyllaDB Architecture</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-19" name="toctree-checkbox-19" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-19"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/tablets.html">Data Distribution with Tablets</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/ringarchitecture/index.html">ScyllaDB Ring Architecture</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/architecture-fault-tolerance.html">ScyllaDB Fault Tolerance</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/console-CL-full-demo.html">Consistency Level Console Demo</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/anti-entropy/hinted-handoff.html">ScyllaDB Hinted Handoff</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/anti-entropy/read-repair.html">ScyllaDB Read Repair</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../operating-scylla/procedures/maintenance/repair.html">ScyllaDB Repair</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/sstable/index.html">SSTable</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-21" name="toctree-checkbox-21" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-21"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/sstable/sstable2/index.html">ScyllaDB SSTable - 2.x</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/sstable/sstable3/index.html">ScyllaDB SSTable - 3.x</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/compaction/compaction-strategies.html">Compaction Strategies</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/raft.html">Raft Consensus Algorithm in ScyllaDB</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/zero-token-nodes.html">Zero-token Nodes</a></li>
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</li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/index.html">Troubleshooting ScyllaDB</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-22" name="toctree-checkbox-22" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-22"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/report-scylla-problem.html">Report a ScyllaDB problem</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/error-messages/index.html">Error Messages</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/log-level.html">Change Log Level</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/startup/index.html">ScyllaDB Startup</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-24" name="toctree-checkbox-24" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-24"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/change-ownership.html">Ownership Problems</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/scylla-wont-start.html">ScyllaDB will not Start</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/python-error-no-module-named-yaml.html">ScyllaDB Python Script broken</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/upgrade/index.html">Upgrade</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-25" name="toctree-checkbox-25" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-25"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/missing-dotmount-files.html">Inaccessible configuration files after ScyllaDB upgrade</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/cluster/index.html">Cluster and Node</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-26" name="toctree-checkbox-26" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-26"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/handling-node-failures.html">Handling Node Failures</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/failed-add-remove-replace.html">Failure to Add, Remove, or Replace a Node</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/failed-decommission.html">Failed Decommission Problem</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/timeouts.html">Cluster Timeouts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/node-joined-without-any-data.html">Node Joined With No Data</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/nodetool-nullpointerexception.html">NullPointerException</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/failed-schema-sync.html">Failed Schema Sync</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/modeling/index.html">Data Modeling</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-27" name="toctree-checkbox-27" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-27"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/large-partition-table.html">ScyllaDB Large Partitions Table</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/large-rows-large-cells-tables.html">ScyllaDB Large Rows and Cells Table</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/debugging-large-partition.html">Large Partitions Hunting</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/failed-update-schema.html">Failure to Update the Schema</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/storage/index.html">Data Storage and SSTables</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-28" name="toctree-checkbox-28" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-28"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/space-up.html">Space Utilization Increasing</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/drop-table-space-up.html">Disk Space is not Reclaimed</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/sstable-corruption.html">SSTable Corruption Problem</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/pointless-compactions.html">Pointless Compactions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference external" href="https://monitoring.docs.scylladb.com/stable/use-monitoring/advisor/heavyCompaction.html">Limiting Compaction</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/CQL/index.html">CQL</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-29" name="toctree-checkbox-29" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-29"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/time-zone.html">Time Range Query Fails</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/copy-from-failed.html">COPY FROM Fails</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/clients-table.html">CQL Connection Table</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/monitor/index.html">ScyllaDB Monitor and Manager</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-30" name="toctree-checkbox-30" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-30"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/manager-monitoring-integration.html">Manager and Monitoring integration</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/reverse-dns-sshd.html">Manager lists healthy nodes as down</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/install-remove/index.html">Installation and Removal</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-31" name="toctree-checkbox-31" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-31"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/autoremove-ubuntu.html">Removing ScyllaDB on Ubuntu breaks system packages</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../kb/index.html">Knowledge Base</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-32" name="toctree-checkbox-32" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-32"><i class="icon-chevron-right"></i></label><div class="break"></div><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../kb/cdc-experimental-upgrade.html">Upgrading from experimental CDC</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../kb/compaction.html">Compaction</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../kb/consistency.html">Consistency in ScyllaDB</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../kb/count-all-rows.html">Counting all rows in a table is slow</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../kb/cqlsh-more.html">CQL Query Does Not Display Entire Result Set</a></li>
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