Change wait_for() defaults from period=1s/no backoff to period=0.1s
with 1.5x backoff capped at 1.0s. This catches fast conditions in
100ms instead of 1000ms, benefiting ~100 call sites automatically.
Add completion logging with elapsed time and iteration count.
Tested local with test/cluster/test_fencing.py::test_fence_hints (dev mode),
log output:
wait_for(at_least_one_hint_failed) completed in 0.83s (4 iterations)
wait_for(exactly_one_hint_sent) completed in 1.34s (5 iterations)
Fixes SCYLLADB-738
Closesscylladb/scylladb#29173