It is a read-through cache of a file.
Will be used to cache contents of the promoted index area from the
index file.
Currently, cached pages are evicted manually using the invalidate_*()
method family, or when the object is destroyed.
The cached_file represents a subset of the file. The reason for this
is to satisfy two requirements. One is that we have a page-aligned
caching, where pages are aligned relative to the start of the
underlying file. This matches requirements of the seastar I/O engine
on I/O requests. Another requirement is to have an effective way to
populate the cache using an unaligned buffer which starts in the
middle of the file when we know that we won't need to access bytes
located before the buffer's position. See populate_front(). If we
couldn't assume that, we wouldn't be able to insert an unaligned
buffer into the cache.
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