diff --git a/weed/util/chunk_cache/chunk_cache_on_disk.go b/weed/util/chunk_cache/chunk_cache_on_disk.go
index 1f9254711..0b947239d 100644
--- a/weed/util/chunk_cache/chunk_cache_on_disk.go
+++ b/weed/util/chunk_cache/chunk_cache_on_disk.go
@@ -37,6 +37,18 @@ func LoadOrCreateChunkCacheVolume(fileName string, preallocate int64) (*ChunkCac
 	}
 
 	var err error
+	var indexFile *os.File
+
+	defer func() {
+		if err != nil {
+			if v.DataBackend != nil {
+				v.DataBackend.Close()
+			}
+			if indexFile != nil {
+				indexFile.Close()
+			}
+		}
+	}()
 
 	if exists, canRead, canWrite, modTime, fileSize := util.CheckFile(v.fileName + ".dat"); exists {
 		if !canRead {
@@ -45,13 +57,13 @@ func LoadOrCreateChunkCacheVolume(fileName string, preallocate int64) (*ChunkCac
 		if !canWrite {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot write cache file %s.dat", v.fileName)
 		}
-		if dataFile, err := os.OpenFile(v.fileName+".dat", os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE, 0644); err != nil {
+		var dataFile *os.File
+		if dataFile, err = os.OpenFile(v.fileName+".dat", os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE, 0644); err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create cache file %s.dat: %v", v.fileName, err)
-		} else {
-			v.DataBackend = backend.NewDiskFile(dataFile)
-			v.lastModTime = modTime
-			v.fileSize = fileSize
 		}
+		v.DataBackend = backend.NewDiskFile(dataFile)
+		v.lastModTime = modTime
+		v.fileSize = fileSize
 	} else {
 		if v.DataBackend, err = backend.CreateVolumeFile(v.fileName+".dat", preallocate, 0); err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create cache file %s.dat: %v", v.fileName, err)
@@ -59,7 +71,6 @@ func LoadOrCreateChunkCacheVolume(fileName string, preallocate int64) (*ChunkCac
 		v.lastModTime = time.Now()
 	}
 
-	var indexFile *os.File
 	if indexFile, err = os.OpenFile(v.fileName+".idx", os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE, 0644); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot write cache index %s.idx: %v", v.fileName, err)
 	}
diff --git a/weed/util/chunk_cache/chunk_cache_on_disk_test.go b/weed/util/chunk_cache/chunk_cache_on_disk_test.go
index 04e6bc669..531f01089 100644
--- a/weed/util/chunk_cache/chunk_cache_on_disk_test.go
+++ b/weed/util/chunk_cache/chunk_cache_on_disk_test.go
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/rand"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/util/mem"
@@ -131,3 +134,68 @@ func TestOnDisk(t *testing.T) {
 	cache.Shutdown()
 
 }
+
+func TestLoadOrCreateChunkCacheVolumeClosesFilesOnError(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	fileName := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "cache")
+
+	// Pre-create .dat so LoadOrCreateChunkCacheVolume opens it.
+	if err := os.WriteFile(fileName+".dat", []byte("data"), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Create .ldb as a regular file so NewLevelDbNeedleMap fails.
+	// leveldb.OpenFile expects a directory.
+	if err := os.WriteFile(fileName+".ldb", []byte("not a directory"), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	before := openFDCount()
+
+	_, err := LoadOrCreateChunkCacheVolume(fileName, 1024)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error")
+	}
+
+	// On POSIX a leaked descriptor keeps the count elevated; the error path
+	// should close both files, returning the count to its baseline.
+	if before >= 0 {
+		if after := openFDCount(); after > before {
+			t.Errorf("descriptors leaked on error: before=%d after=%d", before, after)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// On Windows open files cannot be removed, so successful removal also
+	// confirms the descriptors were closed.
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		for _, ext := range []string{".dat", ".idx"} {
+			path := fileName + ext
+			if _, statErr := os.Stat(path); os.IsNotExist(statErr) {
+				continue
+			}
+			if rmErr := os.Remove(path); rmErr != nil {
+				t.Errorf("failed to remove %s: %v", path, rmErr)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// openFDCount returns the number of open file descriptors for the current
+// process, or -1 where it cannot be determined (e.g. Windows).
+// Readdirnames is used instead of os.ReadDir because the latter stats every
+// entry, which fails on macOS /dev/fd ("bad file descriptor").
+func openFDCount() int {
+	for _, dir := range []string{"/proc/self/fd", "/dev/fd"} {
+		f, err := os.Open(dir)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		names, err := f.Readdirnames(-1)
+		f.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		return len(names)
+	}
+	return -1
+}