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Sergey Poznyakoff
2004-02-18 14:39:10 +00:00
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README
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@@ -1,25 +1,7 @@
README for GNU tar
See the end of file for copying conditions.
Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
2001, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU tar.
GNU tar is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
any later version.
GNU tar is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with tar; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
* Introduction
Please glance through *all* sections of this
`README' file before starting configuration. Also make sure you read files
@@ -48,13 +30,15 @@ See file `THANKS' for a list of contributors.
Besides those configure options documented in files `INSTALL' and
`ABOUT-NLS', an extra option may be accepted after `./configure':
* `--disable-largefile' omits support for large files, even if the
operating system supports large files. Typically, large files are
those larger on 2 GB on a 32-bit host.
* Install
** Selecting the default archive format.
The default archive format is GNU, this can be overridden by
presetting DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_FORMAT while configuring. The allowed
values are GNU, V7, OLDGNU and POSIX.
values are GNU, V7, OLDGNU, USTAR and POSIX.
** Selecting the default archive device
The default archive device is now `stdin' on read and `stdout' on write.
The installer can still override this by presetting `DEFAULT_ARCHIVE'
@@ -62,33 +46,15 @@ in the environment before configuring (the behavior of `-[0-7]' or
`-[0-7]lmh' options in `tar' are then derived automatically). Similarly,
`DEFAULT_BLOCKING' can be preset to something else than 20.
For comprehensive modifications to GNU tar, you might need tools beyond
those used in simple installations. Fully install GNU m4 1.4 first,
and only then, Autoconf 2.57 or later. Install Perl, then Automake
1.7.5 or later. Also, install gettext 0.12.1 or later. You might
need Bison 1.875 or later, and GNU tar itself. All are available on
GNU archive sites, like in ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/.
** `--disable-largefile' omits support for large files, even if the
operating system supports large files. Typically, large files are
those larger on 2 GB on a 32-bit host.
Send bug reports to <bug-tar@gnu.org>. A bug report should contain
an adequate description of the problem, your input, what you expected,
what you got, and why this is wrong. Diffs are welcome, but they only
describe a solution, from which the problem might be uneasy to infer.
If needed, submit actual data files with your report. Small data files
are preferred. Big files may sometimes be necessary, but do not send them
to the report address; rather take special arrangement with the maintainer.
Your feedback will help us to make a better and more portable package.
Consider documentation errors as bugs, and report them as such. If you
develop anything pertaining to `tar' or have suggestions, let us know
and share your findings by writing to <bug-tar@gnu.org>.
Installation hints
------------------
* Installation hints
Here are a few hints which might help installing `tar' on some systems.
* gzip and bzip2.
** gzip and bzip2.
GNU tar uses the gzip and bzip2 programs to read and write compressed
archives. If you don't have these programs already, you need to
@@ -109,7 +75,7 @@ in gzip test version 1.3, which as of this writing is available at
incompatibility by using a shell command like
`gzip -d <file.tar.gz | tar -xzf -'.
* Solaris issues.
** Solaris issues.
GNU tar exercises many features that can cause problems with older GCC
versions. In particular, GCC 2.8.1 (sparc, -O1 or -O2) is known to
@@ -120,7 +86,7 @@ Recent versions of Solaris tar sport a new -E option to generate
extended headers in an undocumented format. GNU tar does not
understand these headers.
* Static linking.
** Static linking.
Some platform will, by default, prepare a smaller `tar' executable
which depends on shared libraries. Since GNU `tar' may be used for
@@ -141,34 +107,32 @@ to a value from the table below, before configuration (see `INSTALL').
Solaris (vendor) -Bstatic
SunOS (vendor) -Bstatic
* Failed tests `ignfail.sh' or `incremen.sh'.
** Failed tests `ignfail.sh' or `incremen.sh'.
In an NFS environment, lack of synchronization between machine clocks
might create difficulties to any tool comparing dates and file time stamps,
like `tar' in incremental dumps. This has been a recurrent problem with
GNU Make for the last few years. We would like a general solution.
* BSD compatibility matters.
** BSD compatibility matters.
Set LIBS to `-lbsd' before configuration (see `INSTALL') if the linker
complains about `bsd_ioctl' (Slackware). Also set CPPFLAGS to
`-I/usr/include/bsd' if <sgtty.h> is not found (Slackware).
* OPENStep 4.2 swap files
** OPENStep 4.2 swap files
Tar cannot read the file /private/vm/swapfile.front (even as root).
This file is not a real file, but some kind of uncompressed view of
the real compressed swap file; there is no reason to back it up, so
the simplest workaround is to avoid tarring this file.
Special topics
--------------
* Special topics
Here are a few special matters about GNU `tar', not related to build
matters. See previous section for such.
* File attributes.
** File attributes.
About *security*, it is probable that future releases of `tar' will have
some behavior changed. There are many pending suggestions to choose from.
@@ -181,19 +145,76 @@ implement flavors of symbolic links showing different behavior and
properties. We did not successfully sorted all these out yet. Currently,
the `lchown' call will be used if available, but that's all.
* POSIX compliance.
** POSIX compliance.
GNU `tar' implements an early draft of the POSIX 1003.1 `ustar' standard
which is different from the final standard. This will be progressively
corrected over the incoming few years. Don't be mislead by the mere
existence of the --posix option. Later releases will become able to
read truly POSIX archives, and also to produce them under option. (Also,
if you look at the internals, don't take the GNU extensions you see for
granted, as they are planned to change.) GNU tar 2.0 will produce POSIX
archives by default, but there is a long way before we get there.
GNU `tar' is able to create archive in the following formats:
*** The format of UNIX version 7
*** POSIX.1-1988 format, also known as "ustar format"
*** POSIX.1-2001 format, also known as "pax format"
*** Old GNU format (described below)
In addition to those, GNU `tar' is also able to read archives
produced by `star' archiver.
A so called `Old GNU' format is based on an early draft of the
POSIX 1003.1 `ustar' standard which is different from the final
standard. It defines its extensions (such as incremental backups
and handling of the long file names) in a way incompatible with
any existing tar archive format, therefore the use of old GNU
format is strongly discouraged.
Please read the file NEWS for more information about POSIX compliance
and new `tar' features.
* What's next?
In the future we will try to release tar-1.14 as soon as possible and
start merging with paxutils afterwards. We'll also try to rewrite
some parts of the documentation after paxutils has been merged.
* Bug reporting.
Send bug reports to <bug-tar@gnu.org>. A bug report should contain
an adequate description of the problem, your input, what you expected,
what you got, and why this is wrong. Diffs are welcome, but they only
describe a solution, from which the problem might be uneasy to infer.
If needed, submit actual data files with your report. Small data files
are preferred. Big files may sometimes be necessary, but do not send them
to the report address; rather take special arrangement with the maintainer.
Your feedback will help us to make a better and more portable package.
Consider documentation errors as bugs, and report them as such. If you
develop anything pertaining to `tar' or have suggestions, let us know
and share your findings by writing to <bug-tar@gnu.org>.
* Copying
Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
2001, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU tar.
GNU tar is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
any later version.
GNU tar is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with tar; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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