This was a missing test case from the old P2P tests removed in #5453, which makes sure that all nodes are able to peer with each other regardless of how they discover peers.
Fixes#2795, since the default CI testnet uses a combination of (partially meshed) persistent peers and PEX-based seed nodes.
Partial fix for #5291.
This adds a basic set of test cases for core network invariants. Although small, it is sufficient to replace and extend the current set of P2P tests. Further test cases can be added later.