proxy_server: detach pending push requests before destruction

~DhtProxyServer destroyed requests_ whose ~http::Request notifies DONE; the handler registered by sendPushNotification then erased from the map being destroyed, corrupting the heap (double free under ASan) whenever a push request was still pending, e.g. an unreachable push server. Detach the state-change callbacks and release the requests before the members are destroyed.
storage: re-storing identical content is a refresh, not an edition
2026-11-08 20:37:23 +00:00 · 2026-09-04 14:43:53 -04:00 · 2026-09-04 14:43:53 -04:00 · 2026-09-04 14:43:53 -04:00 · 2026-09-04 14:43:53 -04:00 · 2026-09-04 14:43:53 -04:00
108 changed files with 8859 additions and 2366 deletions
@@ -7,16 +7,16 @@ env:
  UBUNTU_FULL_DEPS: "libncurses5-dev libreadline-dev nettle-dev libasio-dev libgnutls28-dev libuv1-dev python3-pip python3-dev python3-setuptools libcppunit-dev libjsoncpp-dev libfmt-dev libmsgpack-dev libargon2-dev"
  UBUNTU_MESON_DEPS: "ninja-build libncurses5-dev libreadline-dev nettle-dev libasio-dev libgnutls28-dev libuv1-dev python3-dev python3-setuptools python3-pip libcppunit-dev libjsoncpp-dev libfmt-dev libmsgpack-dev libargon2-dev"
  UBUNTU_MINIMAL_DEPS: "libncurses5-dev libreadline-dev nettle-dev libfmt-dev libgnutls28-dev libcppunit-dev libmsgpack-dev libargon2-dev"
-  DEBIAN12_DEPS: "git libtool pkg-config wget cmake libncurses5-dev libreadline-dev nettle-dev libasio-dev libgnutls28-dev libuv1-dev python3-pip python3-dev python3-setuptools libcppunit-dev libjsoncpp-dev libfmt-dev libmsgpack-dev libargon2-dev"
+  DEBIAN13_DEPS: "git libtool pkg-config wget cmake libncurses5-dev libreadline-dev nettle-dev libasio-dev libgnutls28-dev libuv1-dev python3-pip python3-dev python3-setuptools libcppunit-dev libjsoncpp-dev libfmt-dev libmsgpack-dev libargon2-dev"

 on: [push, pull_request]

 jobs:
-    build-ubuntu-meson:
+  build-ubuntu-meson:
    name: Ubuntu/GCC Meson build
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Install Dependencies
        run: |
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ jobs:
      matrix:
        cxx_standard: [17, 20, 23]
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Install Minimal Dependencies
        run: |
@@ -65,12 +65,12 @@ jobs:
      - name: Run Unit tests
        run: ctest --output-on-failure --test-dir build

-  build-debian12:
-    name: Debian 12/GCC build
+  build-debian13:
+    name: Debian 13/GCC build
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    container:
-      image: debian:12
+      image: debian:13
      volumes:
        - .:/workspace
      options: --workdir /workspace
@@ -78,12 +78,12 @@ jobs:
        DEBIAN_FRONTEND: noninteractive

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Install Dependencies
        run: |
          apt-get update
-          apt-get install -y $DEBIAN12_DEPS
+          apt-get install -y $DEBIAN13_DEPS

      - name: Build llhttp dependency
        run: |
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ jobs:
      matrix:
        cxx_standard: [17, 20, 23]
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Install Homebrew Dependencies
        run: brew install msgpack-cxx asio gnutls nettle readline fmt jsoncpp argon2 openssl cppunit
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Clang Static Analysis
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
      - name: deps
        run: |
          sudo apt update && \
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ jobs:

    steps:
    - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      uses: actions/checkout@v7

    - name: Initialize CodeQL
      uses: github/codeql-action/init@v4
@@ -16,18 +16,18 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-24.04-arm, macos-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-24.04-arm, macos-15]

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7

      # Run locally with: pipx run cibuildwheel --platform linux python
      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3.3.1
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.1
        with:
          package-dir: python

-      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
        with:
          name: opendht-wheels-${{ matrix.os }}
          path: ./wheelhouse/*.whl
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Build wheels on Windows
    runs-on: windows-latest
    env:
-      VCPKG_VERSION: "2025.07.25"
+      VCPKG_VERSION: "2026.06.01"
      VCPKG_INSTALLATION_ROOT: "C:\\vcpkg"
      VCPKG_DISABLE_METRICS: "1"
      VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET: x64-windows-release
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ jobs:
      VCPKG_DEFAULT_BINARY_CACHE: ${{ github.workspace }}\vcpkg_binary_cache

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Cache vcpkg installed packages
        id: cache-vcpkg
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        uses: actions/cache@v6
        with:
          path: |
            ${{ env.VCPKG_INSTALLED_DIR }}
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
          pipx run cibuildwheel python
        shell: pwsh

-      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
        with:
          name: opendht-wheels-win_amd64
          path: ./build/wheelhouse/*.whl
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: [build_wheels, build_wheels_windows]
    steps:
-    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
+    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
      with:
        pattern: opendht-wheels-*
        path: dist
@@ -25,16 +25,16 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4

      - name: Log in to the Container registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ jobs:

      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        with:
          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME_DEPS }}

      - name: Build and push Docker image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          file: docker/DockerfileDeps
@@ -66,16 +66,16 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4

      - name: Log in to the Container registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
@@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ jobs:

      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        with:
          images: |
            ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}

      - name: Build and push Docker image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          file: docker/Dockerfile
@@ -107,16 +107,16 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4

      - name: Log in to the Container registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
@@ -124,12 +124,12 @@ jobs:

      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        with:
          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME_DEPS_LLVM }}

      - name: Build and push Docker image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          file: docker/DockerfileDepsLlvm
@@ -148,16 +148,16 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4

      - name: Log in to the Container registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
@@ -165,13 +165,13 @@ jobs:

      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        with:
          images: |
            ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME_LLVM }}

      - name: Build and push Docker image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          file: docker/DockerfileLlvm
@@ -190,16 +190,16 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4

      - name: Log in to the Container registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
@@ -207,13 +207,13 @@ jobs:

      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        with:
          images: |
            ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME_DHTNODE }}

      - name: Build and push Docker image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          file: docker/DockerfileDhtnode
@@ -231,16 +231,16 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4

      - name: Log in to the Container registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
@@ -248,13 +248,13 @@ jobs:

      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        with:
          images: |
            ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME_ALPINE_DEPS }}

      - name: Build and push Docker image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          file: docker/DockerfileDepsAlpine
@@ -273,16 +273,16 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4

      - name: Log in to the Container registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
@@ -290,13 +290,13 @@ jobs:

      - name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        with:
          images: |
            ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME_ALPINE }}

      - name: Build and push Docker image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          file: docker/DockerfileAlpine
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Build Windows MSI Installer
    runs-on: windows-latest
    env:
-      VCPKG_VERSION: "2025.07.25"
+      VCPKG_VERSION: "2026.06.01"
      VCPKG_INSTALLATION_ROOT: "C:\\vcpkg"
      VCPKG_DISABLE_METRICS: "1"
      VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET: x64-windows
@@ -319,12 +319,12 @@ jobs:
      contents: read
    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7
        with:
          submodules: recursive

      - name: Set up MSVC developer environment
-        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v2
+        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v3
      
      - name: Install WIX using .net tools
        run: |
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Cache vcpkg installed packages
        id: cache-vcpkg
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        uses: actions/cache@v6
        with:
          path: |
            ${{ env.VCPKG_INSTALLED_DIR }}
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ jobs:
          }

      - name: Upload MSI Artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
        with:
          name: opendht-windows-msi
          path: build/${{ steps.cpack_msi.outputs.msi_path }} # Path to the MSI in the build directory
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ jobs:
    name: Build Windows dhtnode
    runs-on: windows-latest
    env:
-      VCPKG_VERSION: "2025.07.25"
+      VCPKG_VERSION: "2026.06.01"
      VCPKG_INSTALLATION_ROOT: "C:\\vcpkg"
      VCPKG_DISABLE_METRICS: "1"
      VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET: x64-windows-static-release
@@ -423,16 +423,16 @@ jobs:
      contents: read
    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7
        with:
          submodules: recursive

      - name: Set up MSVC developer environment
-        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v2
+        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v3

      - name: Cache vcpkg static installed packages
        id: cache-vcpkg-static
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        uses: actions/cache@v6
        with:
          path: |
            ${{ env.VCPKG_INSTALLED_DIR }}
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ jobs:
          cmake --build build_static --config Release --parallel $([System.Environment]::ProcessorCount)

      - name: Upload Static dhtnode Artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
        with:
          name: opendht-windows-dhtnode
          path: |
@@ -499,23 +499,23 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Download Windows MSI artifact
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
        with:
          name: opendht-windows-msi
          path: downloaded_artifacts/windows_msi

      - name: Download Static dhtnode artifact
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
        with:
          name: opendht-windows-dhtnode
          path: downloaded_artifacts/static_dhtnode

      - name: Create Release
        id: create_release
-        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v3
        with:
          draft: true
          files: |
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ on:
    branches: [ main, master ]

 env:
-  VCPKG_VERSION: "2026.01.16"
+  VCPKG_VERSION: "2026.06.01"
  VCPKG_INSTALLATION_ROOT: "C:\\vcpkg"
  VCPKG_DISABLE_METRICS: "1"
  VCPKG_INSTALLED_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}\vcpkg_installed
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up MSVC
-        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v2
+        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v3

      - name: Generate Cache Key
        id: generate_cache_key
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Cache vcpkg installed packages
        id: cache-vcpkg
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        uses: actions/cache@v6
        with:
          path: |
            ${{ env.VCPKG_INSTALLED_DIR }}
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up MSVC
-        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v2
+        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v3

      - name: Generate Cache Key for Static Libs
        id: generate_static_cache_key
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Cache vcpkg static installed packages
        id: cache-vcpkg-static
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        uses: actions/cache@v6
        with:
          path: |
            ${{ env.VCPKG_INSTALLED_DIR }}
@@ -125,14 +125,14 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up MSVC
-        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v2
+        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v3

      - name: Restore vcpkg installed packages
        id: cache-vcpkg-restore
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v6
        with:
          path: |
            ${{ env.VCPKG_INSTALLED_DIR }}
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Upload build artifacts
        if: matrix.build_type == 'Release'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
        with:
          name: opendht-windows-${{ matrix.arch }}-cxx${{ matrix.cxx_standard }}-${{ matrix.build_type }}
          path: |
@@ -202,14 +202,14 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Set up MSVC
-        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v2
+        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v3

      - name: Restore vcpkg static installed packages
        id: cache-vcpkg-static-restore
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v6
        with:
          path: |
            ${{ env.VCPKG_INSTALLED_DIR }}
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ jobs:
          ctest --build-config ${{ matrix.build_type }} --output-on-failure --parallel 4

      - name: Upload static build artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
        with:
          name: opendht-windows-static-${{ matrix.arch }}-cxx${{ matrix.cxx_standard }}-${{ matrix.build_type }}
          path: |
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Setup MinGW
        uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Upload MinGW artifacts
        if: matrix.build_type == 'Release'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
        with:
          name: opendht-windows-mingw-${{ matrix.build_type }}
          path: |
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# OpenDHT – Agent Instructions
+
+## Build
+
+### Primary: CMake (C++17)
+```sh
+mkdir build && cd build
+cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DBUILD_TESTING=ON -GNinja
+ninja
+```
+
+### Common CMake options
+| Option | Default | Purpose |
+|--------|---------|---------|
+| `OPENDHT_TOOLS` | ON | CLI tools (dhtnode, dhtchat, …) |
+| `OPENDHT_C` | OFF | C language bindings |
+| `OPENDHT_PYTHON` | OFF | Python 3 Cython bindings |
+| `OPENDHT_PROXY_SERVER` | OFF | REST API proxy server (requires RESTinio + llhttp) |
+| `OPENDHT_PROXY_CLIENT` | OFF | REST API proxy client |
+| `OPENDHT_PEER_DISCOVERY` | OFF | Multicast local peer discovery |
+| `OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS` | OFF | Push notification support |
+| `OPENDHT_SANITIZE` | OFF | AddressSanitizer + stack protector |
+
+### Alternative: Meson (C++20)
+```sh
+meson setup build . && cd build && ninja
+```
+
+### Run tests
+```sh
+# Full suite
+ctest --output-on-failure --test-dir build
+
+# Single test executable
+./build/test_testName
+```
+
+## dhtnode
+
+The `dhtnode` CLI tool is a simple DHT node implementation using `DhtRunner`.
+
+---
+
+## Commit
+
+After implementing a feature or fixing a bug, commit your changes in clean, atomic commits with descriptive messages with format:
+`topic: short description`
+
+If any test are added or modified, commit them separately before the fix (if any).
+
+---
+
+## Architecture
+
+OpenDHT is a Kademlia-based DHT library. The implementation is layered:
+
+```
+DhtRunner          (public API — thread-safe, manages lifecycle & I/O threads)
+  └── SecureDht    (GnuTLS crypto: signing, encryption, identity)
+        └── Dht    (core DHT logic: routing, storage, find/get/put operations)
+              └── NetworkEngine   (raw UDP sockets, message parsing, IPv4/IPv6)
+```
+
+- **`DhtRunner`** (`include/opendht/dhtrunner.h`, `src/dhtrunner.cpp`) — entry point for all users of the library. Wraps everything in a thread-pool and exposes async callbacks as well as blocking calls.
+- **`Dht`** (`include/opendht/dht.h`, `src/dht.cpp`) — Kademlia protocol: routing table, k-buckets, value replication, expiry.
+- **`SecureDht`** (`include/opendht/securedht.h`, `src/securedht.cpp`) — transparent encryption/signing layer on top of `Dht`. Identity is a GnuTLS certificate.
+- **`NetworkEngine`** (`include/opendht/network_engine.h`, `src/network_engine.cpp`) — UDP socket layer, serializes/deserializes msgpack messages.
+- **`RoutingTable`** (`include/opendht/routing_table.h`, `src/routing_table.cpp`) — Kademlia routing table with bucket splitting.
+- **`Value`** (`include/opendht/value.h`) — the storable unit: binary blob, optional signature, optional encryption; typed via `ValueType`.
+- **`InfoHash`** (`include/opendht/infohash.h`) — 20-byte SHA-1 identifier; alias `Hash<HASH_LEN>`.
+
+Optional components (`DhtProxyServer`, `DhtProxyClient`, `PeerDiscovery`) are compiled in only when the corresponding CMake options are enabled.
+
+---
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ Optionally, install RESTinio to enable the OpenDHT proxy client and server:
 mkdir /usr/include/nonstd
 wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/martinmoene/expected-lite/master/include/nonstd/expected.hpp -O /usr/include/nonstd/expected.hpp

-wget https://github.com/Stiffstream/restinio/releases/download/v.0.7.3/restinio-0.7.3.tar.bz2
-tar -xjf restinio-0.7.3.tar.bz2
-cd restinio-0.7.3/dev
+wget https://github.com/Stiffstream/restinio/releases/download/v.0.7.9/restinio-0.7.9.tar.bz2
+tar -xjf restinio-0.7.9.tar.bz2
+cd restinio-0.7.9/dev
 cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr -DRESTINIO_TEST=Off -DRESTINIO_SAMPLE=Off -DRESTINIO_BENCHMARK=Off -DRESTINIO_WITH_SOBJECTIZER=Off -DRESTINIO_DEP_STANDALONE_ASIO=system -DRESTINIO_DEP_LLHTTP=system -DRESTINIO_DEP_FMT=system -DRESTINIO_DEP_EXPECTED_LITE=system .
-make -j2 && make install
+make && make install
 ```

 To run openDHT on a different computer from the build computer, the following runtime dependencies are required:
@@ -48,11 +48,11 @@ Optionally, install RESTinio to enable the OpenDHT proxy client and server:
 mkdir /usr/include/nonstd
 wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/martinmoene/expected-lite/master/include/nonstd/expected.hpp -O /usr/include/nonstd/expected.hpp

-wget https://github.com/Stiffstream/restinio/releases/download/v.0.7.3/restinio-0.7.3.tar.bz2
-tar -xjf restinio-0.7.3.tar.bz2
-cd restinio-0.7.3/dev
+wget https://github.com/Stiffstream/restinio/releases/download/v.0.7.9/restinio-0.7.9.tar.bz2
+tar -xjf restinio-0.7.9.tar.bz2
+cd restinio-0.7.9/dev
 cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr -DRESTINIO_TEST=Off -DRESTINIO_SAMPLE=Off -DRESTINIO_BENCHMARK=Off -DRESTINIO_WITH_SOBJECTIZER=Off -DRESTINIO_DEP_STANDALONE_ASIO=system -DRESTINIO_DEP_LLHTTP=system -DRESTINIO_DEP_FMT=system -DRESTINIO_DEP_EXPECTED_LITE=system .
-make -j2 && make install
+make && make install
 ```

 ### Fedora
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ sudo dnf install python3-Cython python3-devel redhat-rpm-config
 ### macOS

 ```sh
-brew install gnutls msgpack-cxx argon2 asio readline jsoncpp fmt
+brew install gnutls msgpack-cxx argon2 asio readline jsoncpp fmt llhttp
 ```

 ## Build
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ git clone https://github.com/savoirfairelinux/opendht.git
 # Build and install
 cd opendht
 mkdir build && cd build
-cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr ..
+cmake ..
 make -j$(nproc)
 sudo make install
 ```
@@ -100,10 +100,21 @@ cmake -DOPENDHT_PYTHON=ON \
      -DOPENDHT_PROXY_SERVER=ON \
      -DOPENDHT_PROXY_SERVER_IDENTITY=ON \
      -DOPENDHT_PROXY_CLIENT=ON \
-      -DOPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS=ON \
-      -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr ..
+      -DOPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS=ON ..
 ```

+#### Common CMake options
+| Option | Default | Purpose |
+|--------|---------|---------|
+| `OPENDHT_TOOLS` | ON | CLI tools (dhtnode, dhtchat, …) |
+| `OPENDHT_C` | OFF | C language bindings |
+| `OPENDHT_PYTHON` | OFF | Python 3 Cython bindings |
+| `OPENDHT_PROXY_SERVER` | OFF | REST API proxy server (requires RESTinio + llhttp) |
+| `OPENDHT_PROXY_CLIENT` | OFF | REST API proxy client |
+| `OPENDHT_PEER_DISCOVERY` | OFF | Multicast local peer discovery |
+| `OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS` | OFF | Push notification support |
+| `OPENDHT_SANITIZE` | OFF | AddressSanitizer + stack protector |
+
 ## Windows/MSVC

 Building on Windows with MSVC is supported with VCPKG and CMake.
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.21..3.31)
+cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.21...4.4)
 if(POLICY CMP0091)
    cmake_policy(SET CMP0091 NEW)
 endif()
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ if(POLICY CMP0167)
    cmake_policy(SET CMP0167 NEW)
 endif()

-set (opendht_VERSION_MAJOR 3)
-set (opendht_VERSION_MINOR 7.0)
+set (opendht_VERSION_MAJOR 4)
+set (opendht_VERSION_MINOR 3.0)
 set (opendht_VERSION ${opendht_VERSION_MAJOR}.${opendht_VERSION_MINOR})
 set (PACKAGE_VERSION ${opendht_VERSION})
 set (VERSION "${opendht_VERSION}")
@@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ if (NOT MSVC)
                message(STATUS "simdutf not found with pkgconfig")
                if (OPENDHT_DOWNLOAD_DEPS)
                    message(STATUS "Fallback mode specified, downloading simdutf")
+                    set(SIMDUTF_CXX_STANDARD ${CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD} CACHE INTERNAL "C++ standard for simdutf downloader")
                    set(SIMDUTF_TESTS OFF CACHE INTERNAL "Disable tests for simdutf downloader")
                    set(SIMDUTF_TOOLS OFF CACHE INTERNAL "Disable tools for simdutf downloader")
                    FetchContent_Declare(simdutf
@@ -853,32 +854,46 @@ if (BUILD_TESTING)
    endif()
    # unit testing
    list (APPEND test_FILES
-        tests/infohashtester.h
-        tests/infohashtester.cpp
-        tests/valuetester.h
-        tests/valuetester.cpp
-        tests/cryptotester.h
-        tests/cryptotester.cpp
-        tests/dhtrunnertester.h
-        tests/dhtrunnertester.cpp
-        tests/storagetester.h
-        tests/storagetester.cpp
-        tests/threadpooltester.h
-        tests/threadpooltester.cpp
+        tests/test_infohash.h
+        tests/test_infohash.cpp
+        tests/test_value.h
+        tests/test_value.cpp
+        tests/test_crypto.h
+        tests/test_crypto.cpp
+        tests/test_dhtrunner.h
+        tests/test_dhtrunner.cpp
+        tests/test_storage.h
+        tests/test_storage.cpp
+        tests/test_threadpool.h
+        tests/test_threadpool.cpp
+        tests/test_parsedmessage.h
+        tests/test_parsedmessage.cpp
+        tests/test_networkengine.h
+        tests/test_networkengine.cpp
+        tests/test_opcache.h
+        tests/test_opcache.cpp
+        tests/test_valuecache.h
+        tests/test_valuecache.cpp
    )
+    if (OPENDHT_PROXY_CLIENT)
+        list (APPEND test_FILES
+            tests/test_dhtproxy_client.h
+            tests/test_dhtproxy_client.cpp
+        )
+    endif()
    if (OPENDHT_TESTS_NETWORK)
        if (OPENDHT_PROXY_SERVER AND OPENDHT_PROXY_CLIENT)
            list (APPEND test_FILES
-                tests/httptester.h
-                tests/httptester.cpp
-                tests/dhtproxytester.h
-                tests/dhtproxytester.cpp
+                tests/test_http.h
+                tests/test_http.cpp
+                tests/test_dhtproxy.h
+                tests/test_dhtproxy.cpp
            )
        endif()
        if (OPENDHT_PEER_DISCOVERY)
            list (APPEND test_FILES
-                tests/peerdiscoverytester.h
-                tests/peerdiscoverytester.cpp
+                tests/test_peerdiscovery.h
+                tests/test_peerdiscovery.cpp
            )
        endif()
    endif()
@@ -886,7 +901,7 @@ if (BUILD_TESTING)
    # We keep using the common tests_runner.cpp (CppUnit registry based) and compile it with each test file.
    foreach(test_src ${test_FILES})
        if (test_src MATCHES ".*\\.cpp$")
-            get_filename_component(test_name ${test_src} NAME_WE) # e.g. infohashtester
+            get_filename_component(test_name ${test_src} NAME_WE) # e.g. test_infohash
            set(target_name ${test_name})
            add_executable(${target_name}
                tests/tests_runner.cpp
@@ -140,20 +140,22 @@ asyncio.run(dht_async_demo("unique_key"))
 ```

 ## Dependencies
+Core dependencies:
 - msgpack-c 1.2+, used for data serialization.
 - GnuTLS 3.3+, used for cryptographic operations.
 - Nettle 2.4+, a GnuTLS dependency for crypto.
 - {fmt} 9.0+, for log formatting.
- (optional) restinio used for the REST API.
- (optional) llhttp used for the REST API.
- (optional) jsoncpp 1.7.4-3+, used for the REST API.
+
+Optional dependencies for the REST API (DHT proxy client/server):
+- (optional) restinio
+- (optional) llhttp
+- (optional) jsoncpp 1.7.4-3+
+- (optional) simdutf
+
+Build environment:
 - Build tested with GCC 9+ (GNU/Linux, Windows with MinGW), Clang/LLVM (GNU/Linux, Android, macOS, iOS).
 - Build tested with Microsoft Visual Studio 2019, 2022

-## Contact
-
-IRC: join us on Libera.chat at [`#opendht`](https://web.libera.chat/#opendht).
-
 ## License
 Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-lib_LTLIBRARIES = libopendht-c.la
-noinst_HEADERS = opendht_c.h
-
-AM_CPPFLAGS = -DOPENDHT_C_BUILD -isystem @top_srcdir@/include @JsonCpp_CFLAGS@ @MsgPack_CFLAGS@
-if OPENDHT_SHARED
-AM_CPPFLAGS += -Dopendht_c_EXPORTS
-endif
-
-libopendht_c_la_LIBADD = $(LIBOBJS) ../src/.libs/libopendht.la
-
-libopendht_c_la_SOURCES  = \
-        opendht.cpp
-
-nobase_include_HEADERS = \
-        opendht_c.h
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ dht_runner_put_signed(
 void
 dht_runner_put_encrypted(dht_runner* r,
                         const dht_infohash* h,
-                         const dht_infohash* to,
+                         const dht_pkid* to,
                         const dht_value* v,
                         dht_done_cb done_cb,
                         void* cb_user_data,
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ dht_runner_put_encrypted(dht_runner* r,
 {
    auto runner = reinterpret_cast<dht::DhtRunner*>(r);
    auto hash = reinterpret_cast<const dht::InfoHash*>(h);
-    auto toHash = reinterpret_cast<const dht::InfoHash*>(to);
+    auto toHash = reinterpret_cast<const dht::PkId*>(to);
    auto value = reinterpret_cast<const ValueSp*>(v);
    runner->putEncrypted(
        *hash,
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ OPENDHT_C_PUBLIC void dht_runner_put_signed(dht_runner* runner,
                                            bool permanent);
 OPENDHT_C_PUBLIC void dht_runner_put_encrypted(dht_runner* runner,
                                               const dht_infohash* hash,
-                                               const dht_infohash* to,
+                                               const dht_pkid* to,
                                               const dht_value* value,
                                               dht_done_cb done_cb,
                                               void* cb_user_data,
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-dist_man1_MANS = dhtnode.1
-
-noinst_HEADERS = \
-	Doxyfile
-
-if HAVE_DOXYGEN
-doxyfile.stamp: Doxyfile
-	$(DOXYGEN) Doxyfile
-	echo stamp > doxyfile.stamp
-
-CLEANFILES = doxyfile.stamp
-
-all-local: doxyfile.stamp
-clean-local:
-	rm -rf $(top_srcdir)/doc/man $(top_srcdir)/doc/html
-endif
@@ -1,102 +1,193 @@
-.TH DHTNODE 1 2019-06-08
+.TH DHTNODE 1 2026-04-18
 .SH NAME
 .B dhtnode
 - a simple OpenDHT command line node runner.
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B dhtnode
 [\fB\-h\fR]
+[\fB\-V\fR]
 [\fB\-v\fR [\fB\-l\fR \fIlogfile\fR] [\fB\-L\fR]]
-[\fB\-i\fR [\fB\-\-save\-identity\fR \fIfile\fR]]
+[\fB\-i\fR [\fB\-I\fR \fIfile\fR]]
+[\fB\-c\fR \fIfile\fR]
+[\fB\-k\fR \fIfile\fR]
+[\fB\-m\fR \fIpassword\fR]
 [\fB\-d\fR] [\fB\-s\fR]
+[\fB\-D\fR] [\fB\-U\fR] [\fB\-P\fR]
 [\fB\-n\fR \fInetwork_id\fR]
 [\fB\-p\fR \fIlocal_port\fR]
 [\fB\-b\fR \fIbootstrap_host\fR[:\fIport\fR]]
-[\fB\-\-certificate\fR \fIfile\fR]
-[\fB\-\-privkey\fR \fIfile\fR]
-[\fB\-\-privkey\-password\fR \fIpassword\fR]
-[\fB\-\-proxyserver\fR \fIport\fR]
-[\fB\-\-proxyclient\fR \fIserver\fR]
+[\fB\-f\fR \fIpath\fR]
+[\fB\-S\fR \fIport\fR]
+[\fB\-e\fR \fIport\fR]
+[\fB\-a\fR \fIaddress\fR]
+[\fB\-w\fR \fIfile\fR]
+[\fB\-K\fR \fIfile\fR]
+[\fB\-M\fR \fIpassword\fR]
+[\fB\-C\fR \fIserver\fR]
+[\fB\-y\fR \fIendpoint\fR]
+[\fB\-z\fR \fIkey\fR]
+[\fB\-u\fR \fIbundleid\fR]
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Runs an OpenDHT node, with a CLI (default) or as a daemon (with \fB'-d'\fP or \fB'-s'\fP).
+Runs an OpenDHT node, with an interactive CLI (default) or as a daemon (with \fB'-d'\fP or \fB'-s'\fP).
 Commands available in the interactive shell are:
 .EX
    h, help    Print this help message.
-    q, quit    Quit the program.
+    x, quit    Quit the program.
    log        Start/stop printing DHT logs.

    Node information:
    ll         Print basic information and stats about the current node.
-    ls         Print basic information about current searches.
-    ld         Print basic information about currenty stored values on this node.
-    lr         Print the full current routing table of this node
+    ls [key]   Print basic information about current search(es).
+    ld [key]   Print basic information about currenty stored values on this
+               node (or for a specific key).
+    lr         Print the full current routing table of this node.

    Operations on the DHT:
-    b ip:port             Ping potential node at given IP address/port.
-    g [key]               Get values at [key].
-    l [key]               Listen for value changes at [key].
-    p [key] [str]         Put string value at [key].
-    s [key] [str]         Put string value at [key], signed with our generated
-                          private key.
-    e [key] [dest] [str]  Put string value at [key], encrypted for [dest] with
-                          its public key (if found).
+    b <ip:port>            Ping potential node at given IP address/port.
+    g <key>                Get values at <key>.
+    l <key>                Listen for value changes at <key>.
+    cl <key> <token>       Cancel listen for <token> and <key>.
+    p <key> <str>          Put string value at <key>.
+    pp <key> <str>         Put string value at <key> (persistent version).
+    cpp <key> <id>         Cancel persistent put operation for <key> and
+                           value <id>.
+    s <key> <str>          Put string value at <key>, signed with our
+                           generated private key.
+    e <key> <dest> <str>   Put string value at <key>, encrypted for <dest>
+                           with its public key (if found).
+    cc                     Trigger connectivity changed signal.
+
+    Operations with the proxy (if compiled with proxy server support):
+    pst [port] <pushServer>  Start the proxy interface on port.
+    psx [port]               Start the proxy SSL interface on port.
+    psp [port]               Stop the proxy interface on port.
+
+    Operations with the proxy (if compiled with proxy client support):
+    stt [server_address] <device_key>  Start the proxy client.
+    stp                                Stop the proxy client.
+    rs  [token]                        Resubscribe to opendht.
+    rp  [token]                        Inject a push notification.
 .EE
 .SH OPTIONS
 .TP
-\fB\-h\fP
-Prints some help.
+\fB\-h\fP, \fB\-\-help\fP
+Prints help and exits.
 .TP
-\fB\-v\fP
-Enable the verbose mode (log to stdout/stderr by default)
+\fB\-V\fP, \fB\-\-version\fP
+Prints version information and exits.
 .TP
-\fB\-l\fP \fIlog_file\fP
-Write log to file instead of stdout/stderr
+\fB\-v\fP, \fB\-\-verbose\fP
+Enable verbose mode (log to stdout/stderr by default).
 .TP
-\fB\-L\fP
-Write log to syslog instead of stdout/stderr
+\fB\-l\fP \fIlogfile\fP, \fB\-\-logfile\fP \fIlogfile\fP
+Write log to file instead of stdout/stderr.
 .TP
-\fB\-i\fP
-Generate cryptographic identity for the node.
+\fB\-L\fP, \fB\-\-syslog\fP
+Write log to syslog instead of stdout/stderr (enables verbose mode).
 .TP
-\fB\-\-save\-identity\fP \fIfile\fP
+\fB\-i\fP, \fB\-\-identity\fP
+Generate a cryptographic identity (RSA key pair and self-signed certificate)
+for the node. Required to perform cryptographic operations (encrypt/sign values)
+if no private key file is provided.
+.TP
+\fB\-I\fP \fIfile\fP, \fB\-\-save\-identity\fP \fIfile\fP
 Save generated identity (certificate and private key) to given file prefix.
+Files are saved as \fIfile\fP and \fIfile\fP_ca.
 .TP
-\fB\-\-certificate\fP \fIfile\fP
-Load identity certificate from given file.
+\fB\-c\fP \fIfile\fP, \fB\-\-certificate\fP \fIfile\fP
+Load identity certificate from given file. If specified, the certificate is
+published on the DHT.
 .TP
-\fB\-\-privkey\fP \fIfile\fP
-Load identity private key from given file.
+\fB\-k\fP \fIfile\fP, \fB\-\-privkey\fP \fIfile\fP
+Load identity private key from given file. Required to perform cryptographic
+operations if no identity is generated.
 .TP
-\fB\-\-privkey\-password\fP \fIpassword\fP
+\fB\-m\fP \fIpassword\fP, \fB\-\-privkey\-password\fP \fIpassword\fP
 Password to use for private key encryption or decryption (optional).
 .TP
-\fB\-d\fP
-Run the program in daemon mode (will fork in the background).
+\fB\-d\fP, \fB\-\-daemonize\fP
+Run the program in daemon mode (will fork in the background). When verbose mode
+is enabled, logs to syslog by default.
 .TP
-\fB\-s\fP
+\fB\-s\fP, \fB\-\-service\fP
 Run the program in service mode (non\-forking daemon).
 .TP
-\fB\-D\fP
+\fB\-D\fP, \fB\-\-peer\-discovery\fP
 Enables multicast automatic local peer discovery.
 .TP
-\fB\-f\fP \fIfile\fP
-Specify a file path to persist/load the node state.
+\fB\-U\fP, \fB\-\-no\-rate\-limit\fP
+Disable rate limiting (allows unlimited requests and storage).
 .TP
-\fB\-n\fP \fInetwork_id\fP
-Specify the network id. This let you connect to distinct networks and prevents
-the merge of two different networks (available since OpenDHT v0.6.1).
+\fB\-P\fP, \fB\-\-public\-stable\fP
+Enable public stable mode.
 .TP
-\fB\-p\fP \fIlocal_port\fP
-Use UDP port \fIlocal_port\fP for the program to bind to.
+\fB\-f\fP \fIpath\fP, \fB\-\-persist\fP \fIpath\fP
+Specify a file path to persist/load the node state (routing table and values).
 .TP
-\fB\-b\fP \fIbootstrap_host\fP[:\fIport\fP]
-The program needs to be given a node to connect to the network. You use this
-option to provide the ip address of that node.
+\fB\-n\fP \fInetwork_id\fP, \fB\-\-net\fP \fInetwork_id\fP
+Specify the network id. This lets you connect to distinct networks and prevents
+the merge of two different networks. Defaults to 0 (the main public network).
 .TP
-\fB\-\-proxyserver\fP \fIlocal_port\fP
-Run a proxy server bound to this DHT node on HTTP port \fIlocal_port\fP
+\fB\-p\fP \fIlocal_port\fP, \fB\-\-port\fP \fIlocal_port\fP
+Use UDP port \fIlocal_port\fP for the program to bind to. If not set, will use
+any available port. The default OpenDHT port for public nodes is 4222.
 .TP
-\fB\-\-proxyclient\fP \fIserver\fP
-Run this DHT node in proxy client mode, and connect to \fIserver\fP
+\fB\-b\fP \fIbootstrap_host\fP[:\fIport\fP], \fB\-\-bootstrap\fP \fIbootstrap_host\fP[:\fIport\fP]
+Specify a bootstrap node address to connect to the network.
+.TP
+\fB\-S\fP \fIlocal_port\fP, \fB\-\-proxyserver\fP \fIlocal_port\fP
+Run a REST API proxy server bound to this DHT node on HTTP port \fIlocal_port\fP.
+.TP
+\fB\-e\fP \fIlocal_port\fP, \fB\-\-proxyserverssl\fP \fIlocal_port\fP
+Run a REST API proxy server with SSL bound to this DHT node on HTTPS port \fIlocal_port\fP.
+.TP
+\fB\-a\fP \fIaddress\fP, \fB\-\-proxy\-addr\fP \fIaddress\fP
+Proxy server bind address.
+.TP
+\fB\-w\fP \fIfile\fP, \fB\-\-proxy\-certificate\fP \fIfile\fP
+Load proxy SSL certificate from given file.
+.TP
+\fB\-K\fP \fIfile\fP, \fB\-\-proxy\-privkey\fP \fIfile\fP
+Load proxy SSL private key from given file.
+.TP
+\fB\-M\fP \fIpassword\fP, \fB\-\-proxy\-privkey\-password\fP \fIpassword\fP
+Password for the proxy private key encryption or decryption (optional).
+.TP
+\fB\-C\fP \fIserver\fP, \fB\-\-proxyclient\fP \fIserver\fP
+Run this DHT node in proxy client mode, and connect to \fIserver\fP.
+.TP
+\fB\-y\fP \fIendpoint\fP, \fB\-\-pushserver\fP \fIendpoint\fP
+Push notification server endpoint.
+.TP
+\fB\-z\fP \fIkey\fP, \fB\-\-devicekey\fP \fIkey\fP
+Device key for push notifications.
+.TP
+\fB\-u\fP \fIbundleid\fP, \fB\-\-bundleid\fP \fIbundleid\fP
+Bundle ID for push notifications.
+.SH EXAMPLES
+Run a node using bootstrap.jami.net as a bootstrap:
+.PP
+.EX
+dhtnode -b bootstrap.jami.net:4222
+.EE
+.PP
+Run a node as a non-forking daemon on port 4222:
+.PP
+.EX
+dhtnode -b bootstrap.jami.net -p 4222 -s
+.EE
+.PP
+Run a proxy server on port 8000:
+.PP
+.EX
+dhtnode -b bootstrap.jami.net:4222 --proxyserver 8000
+.EE
+.PP
+Use a proxy client to connect to a proxy server:
+.PP
+.EX
+dhtnode --proxyclient dhtproxy.jami.net:80
+.EE
 .SH AUTHORS
 .TP
 Program written by
@@ -23,15 +23,15 @@ struct Node;
 */
 enum class NodeStatus {
    Disconnected, // 0 nodes
-    Connecting,   // 1+ nodes
+    Connecting,   // bootstrap pending or 1+ nodes
    Connected     // 1+ good nodes
 };

-inline constexpr const char*
+inline constexpr std::string_view
 statusToStr(NodeStatus status)
 {
-    return status == NodeStatus::Connected ? "connected"
-                                           : (status == NodeStatus::Connecting ? "connecting" : "disconnected");
+    return status == NodeStatus::Connected ? "connected"sv
+                                           : (status == NodeStatus::Connecting ? "connecting"sv : "disconnected"sv);
 }

 struct OPENDHT_PUBLIC NodeStats
@@ -187,8 +187,6 @@ using ShutdownCallback = std::function<void()>;
 using IdentityAnnouncedCb = std::function<void(bool)>;
 using PublicAddressChangedCb = std::function<void(std::vector<SockAddr>)>;

-using CertificateStoreQueryLegacy
-    = std::function<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<crypto::Certificate>>(const InfoHash& pk_id)>;
 using CertificateStoreQuery = std::function<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<crypto::Certificate>>(const PkId& pk_id)>;

 using DoneCallback = std::function<void(bool success, const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Node>>& nodes)>;
@@ -204,7 +204,13 @@ struct OPENDHT_PUBLIC PrivateKey
     * @param algo : the public key algorithm to use, GNUTLS_PK_RSA or GNUTLS_PK_RSA_OAEP
     */
    static PrivateKey generate(unsigned key_length = 4096, gnutls_pk_algorithm_t algo = GNUTLS_PK_RSA);
-    static PrivateKey generateEC();
+
+    /**
+     * Generate a new EC key pair
+     * @param curve : the elliptic curve to use. If GNUTLS_ECC_CURVE_INVALID is provided, the default curve will be used
+     * (currently GNUTLS_ECC_CURVE_SECP384R1).
+     */
+    static PrivateKey generateEC(gnutls_ecc_curve_t curve = GNUTLS_ECC_CURVE_INVALID);

    gnutls_privkey_t key {};
    gnutls_x509_privkey_t x509_key {};
@@ -214,7 +220,7 @@ private:
    PrivateKey& operator=(const PrivateKey&) = delete;
    Blob decryptBloc(const uint8_t* src, size_t src_size) const;

-    mutable std::mutex publicKeyMutex_ {};
+    mutable std::mutex publicKeyMutex_;
    mutable std::shared_ptr<PublicKey> publicKey_ {};
 };

@@ -267,9 +273,15 @@ public:
    /**
     * Sign this revocation list using provided key and certificate.
     * Validity_period sets the duration until next update (default to no next update).
+     * If `number` is non-zero, it is stored verbatim (big-endian) as the CRL Number
+     * extension. Otherwise the number is initialized randomly on the first signature
+     * and incremented on subsequent ones.
     */
-    void sign(const PrivateKey&, const Certificate&, duration validity_period = {});
-    void sign(const Identity& id) { sign(*id.first, *id.second); }
+    void sign(const PrivateKey&, const Certificate&, duration validity_period = {}, uint64_t number = 0);
+    void sign(const Identity& id, duration validity_period = {}, uint64_t number = 0)
+    {
+        sign(*id.first, *id.second, validity_period, number);
+    }

    bool isSignedBy(const Certificate& issuer) const;

@@ -685,7 +697,7 @@ private:

    std::set<std::shared_ptr<RevocationList>, crlNumberCmp> revocation_lists;

-    mutable std::mutex publicKeyMutex_ {};
+    mutable std::mutex publicKeyMutex_;
    mutable std::shared_ptr<PublicKey> publicKey_ {};
 };

@@ -159,7 +159,13 @@ public:
    {}

    static Value::Filter getFilter() { return EncryptedValue::getFilter(); }
+    virtual void unpackValue(const dht::Value& v) override
+    {
+        BaseClass::unpackValue(v);
+        id = v.id;
+    }

+    dht::Value::Id id {0}; /// Value ID of the trust request, used for deserialization only.
    std::string service;
    std::string conversationId;
    Blob payload;
@@ -411,6 +411,7 @@ private:
    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> bootstrap_nodes {};
    std::chrono::steady_clock::duration bootstrap_period {BOOTSTRAP_PERIOD};
    Sp<Scheduler::Job> bootstrapJob {};
+    bool bootstrap_pending {false};

    std::map<InfoHash, Storage> store;
    std::map<SockAddr, StorageBucket, SockAddr::ipCmp> store_quota;
@@ -464,7 +465,8 @@ private:
                      const Sp<Value>& value,
                      time_point created,
                      const SockAddr& sa = {},
-                      bool permanent = false);
+                      bool permanent = false,
+                      time_point expiration = time_point::min());
    bool storageRefresh(const InfoHash& id, Value::Id vid);
    void expireStore();
    void expireStorage(InfoHash h);
@@ -626,7 +628,7 @@ private:
    /* when we receive a listen request */
    net::RequestAnswer onListen(
        Sp<Node> node, const InfoHash& hash, const Blob& token, size_t socket_id, const Query& query, int version = 0);
-    void onListenDone(const Sp<Node>& status, net::RequestAnswer& a, Sp<Search>& sr);
+    void onListenDone(const Sp<Node>& node, net::RequestAnswer& a, Sp<Search>& sr);
    /* when we receive an announce request */
    net::RequestAnswer onAnnounce(Sp<Node> node,
                                  const InfoHash& hash,
@@ -276,6 +276,7 @@ public:
    void insertNode(const InfoHash&, const SockAddr&) override {}
    void insertNode(const NodeExport&) override {}
    std::pair<size_t, size_t> getStoreSize() const override { return {}; }
+    std::pair<size_t, size_t> getLocalStoreSize() const override { return {}; }
    std::vector<NodeExport> exportNodes() const override { return {}; }
    std::vector<ValuesExport> exportValues() const override { return {}; }
    void importValues(const std::vector<ValuesExport>&) override {}
@@ -76,8 +76,14 @@ public:

    asio::io_context& io_context() const;

+    // Monotonic clock for elapsed-time statistics (request rate, uptime).
+    // Must stay on steady_clock so NTP/wall-clock corrections don't skew durations.
    using clock = std::chrono::steady_clock;
    using time_point = clock::time_point;
+    // Wall clock for persisted subscribe/permanent-put lease expirations,
+    // so they map directly to epoch time and survive restarts.
+    using sys_clock = std::chrono::system_clock;
+    using sys_time_point = sys_clock::time_point;

    struct PushStats
    {
@@ -401,12 +407,12 @@ private:
    std::shared_ptr<ConnectionListener> connListener_;
    struct PermanentPut
    {
-        time_point expiration;
+        sys_time_point expiration;
        std::string pushToken;
        std::string clientId;
        std::shared_ptr<PushSessionContext> sessionCtx;
-        std::unique_ptr<asio::steady_timer> expireTimer;
-        std::unique_ptr<asio::steady_timer> expireNotifyTimer;
+        std::unique_ptr<asio::system_timer> expireTimer;
+        std::unique_ptr<asio::system_timer> expireNotifyTimer;
        Sp<Value> value;
        PushType type;
        std::string topic;
@@ -419,13 +425,13 @@ private:
            p.pack("value");
            p.pack(value);
            p.pack("exp");
-            p.pack(to_time_t(expiration));
+            p.pack(sys_clock::to_time_t(expiration));
            if (not clientId.empty()) {
                p.pack("cid");
                p.pack(clientId);
            }
            if (sessionCtx) {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(sessionCtx->lock);
+                std::lock_guard l(sessionCtx->lock);
                p.pack("sid");
                p.pack(sessionCtx->sessionId);
            }
@@ -460,12 +466,12 @@ private:
 #ifdef OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS
    struct Listener
    {
-        time_point expiration;
+        sys_time_point expiration;
        std::string clientId;
        std::shared_ptr<PushSessionContext> sessionCtx;
        std::future<size_t> internalToken;
-        std::unique_ptr<asio::steady_timer> expireTimer;
-        std::unique_ptr<asio::steady_timer> expireNotifyTimer;
+        std::unique_ptr<asio::system_timer> expireTimer;
+        std::unique_ptr<asio::system_timer> expireNotifyTimer;
        PushType type;
        std::string topic;

@@ -476,9 +482,9 @@ private:
            p.pack("cid");
            p.pack(clientId);
            p.pack("exp");
-            p.pack(to_time_t(expiration));
+            p.pack(sys_clock::to_time_t(expiration));
            if (sessionCtx) {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(sessionCtx->lock);
+                std::lock_guard l(sessionCtx->lock);
                p.pack("sid");
                p.pack(sessionCtx->sessionId);
            }
@@ -61,8 +61,7 @@ public:
        std::unique_ptr<net::DatagramSocket> sock;
        std::shared_ptr<PeerDiscovery> peerDiscovery {};
        StatusCallback statusChangedCallback {};
-        CertificateStoreQueryLegacy certificateStore {};
-        CertificateStoreQuery certificateStorePkId {};
+        CertificateStoreQuery certificateStore {};
        IdentityAnnouncedCb identityAnnouncedCb {};
        PublicAddressChangedCb publicAddressChangedCb {};
        std::unique_ptr<std::mt19937_64> rng {};
@@ -286,21 +285,6 @@ public:
    }
    void putSigned(const std::string& key, Value&& value, DoneCallbackSimple cb = {}, bool permanent = false);

-    void putEncrypted(
-        InfoHash hash, InfoHash to, std::shared_ptr<Value> value, DoneCallback cb = {}, bool permanent = false);
-    void putEncrypted(
-        InfoHash hash, InfoHash to, std::shared_ptr<Value> value, DoneCallbackSimple cb, bool permanent = false)
-    {
-        putEncrypted(hash, to, value, bindDoneCb(cb), permanent);
-    }
-
-    void putEncrypted(InfoHash hash, InfoHash to, Value&& value, DoneCallback cb = {}, bool permanent = false);
-    void putEncrypted(InfoHash hash, InfoHash to, Value&& value, DoneCallbackSimple cb, bool permanent = false)
-    {
-        putEncrypted(hash, to, std::forward<Value>(value), bindDoneCb(cb), permanent);
-    }
-    void putEncrypted(const std::string& key, InfoHash to, Value&& value, DoneCallback cb = {}, bool permanent = false);
-
    void putEncrypted(InfoHash hash,
                      const std::shared_ptr<crypto::PublicKey>& to,
                      std::shared_ptr<Value> value,
@@ -315,13 +299,11 @@ public:
        putEncrypted(hash, to, value, bindDoneCb(cb), permanent);
    }

-    [[deprecated("Use the shared_ptr version instead")]]
    void putEncrypted(InfoHash hash,
                      const std::shared_ptr<crypto::PublicKey>& to,
                      Value&& value,
                      DoneCallback cb = {},
                      bool permanent = false);
-    [[deprecated("Use the shared_ptr version instead")]]
    void putEncrypted(InfoHash hash,
                      const std::shared_ptr<crypto::PublicKey>& to,
                      Value&& value,
@@ -338,6 +320,14 @@ public:
    {
        putEncrypted(hash, to, value, bindDoneCb(cb), permanent);
    }
+    void putEncrypted(InfoHash hash, const PkId& to, Value&& value, DoneCallback cb = {}, bool permanent = false)
+    {
+        putEncrypted(hash, to, std::make_shared<Value>(std::move(value)), std::move(cb), permanent);
+    }
+    void putEncrypted(InfoHash hash, const PkId& to, Value&& value, DoneCallbackSimple cb, bool permanent = false)
+    {
+        putEncrypted(hash, to, std::make_shared<Value>(std::move(value)), bindDoneCb(cb), permanent);
+    }

    /**
     * Insert known nodes to the routing table, without necessarly ping them.
@@ -450,12 +440,9 @@ public:
    void getPublicAddress(std::function<void(std::vector<SockAddr>&&)>, sa_family_t af = AF_UNSPEC);

    // securedht methods
-
-    void findCertificate(InfoHash hash, std::function<void(const std::shared_ptr<crypto::Certificate>&)>);
    void findCertificate(PkId hash, std::function<void(const std::shared_ptr<crypto::Certificate>&)>);

    void registerCertificate(const std::shared_ptr<crypto::Certificate>& cert);
-    void setLocalCertificateStore(CertificateStoreQueryLegacy&& query_method);
    void setLocalCertificateStore(CertificateStoreQuery&& query_method);

    /**
@@ -498,7 +485,7 @@ public:
     */
    time_point loop()
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+        std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
        return loop_();
    }

@@ -578,16 +565,16 @@ private:
     */
    void resetDht();

-    mutable std::mutex dht_mtx {};
+    mutable std::mutex dht_mtx;
    std::thread dht_thread {};
    std::condition_variable cv {};
-    std::mutex sock_mtx {};
+    std::mutex sock_mtx;
    net::PacketList rcv {};
    decltype(rcv) rcv_free {};

    std::queue<std::function<void(SecureDht&)>> pending_ops_prio {};
    std::queue<std::function<void(SecureDht&)>> pending_ops {};
-    std::mutex storage_mtx {};
+    std::mutex storage_mtx;

    std::atomic<State> running {State::Idle};
    std::atomic_size_t ongoing_ops {0};
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ using ConnectHandlerCb = std::function<void(const asio::error_code& ec, const as
 using ssl_socket_t = restinio::impl::tls_socket_t;
 using socket_t = asio::ip::tcp::socket;

-class OPENDHT_PUBLIC Url
+struct OPENDHT_PUBLIC Url
 {
-public:
    Url() = default;
-    Url(std::string_view url);
+    Url(std::string url);
+
    std::string url;
    std::string protocol {"http"};
    std::string_view user;
@@ -106,9 +106,16 @@ public:

    void timeout(const std::chrono::seconds& timeout, HandlerCb cb = {});

+    /**
+     * Close the underlying socket.
+     * Safe to call from any thread: the actual close is dispatched to
+     * the thread running the io_context.
+     */
    void close();

 private:
+    void doClose();
+
    template<typename T>
    T wrapCallback(T cb) const
    {
@@ -149,7 +156,7 @@ public:
    using ResolverCb
        = std::function<void(const asio::error_code& ec, const std::vector<asio::ip::tcp::endpoint>& endpoints)>;

-    Resolver(asio::io_context& ctx, const std::string& url, std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});
+    Resolver(asio::io_context& ctx, std::string url, std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});
    Resolver(asio::io_context& ctx,
             std::string_view host,
             std::string_view service,
@@ -161,10 +168,6 @@ public:
             std::vector<asio::ip::tcp::endpoint> endpoints,
             const bool ssl = false,
             std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});
-    Resolver(asio::io_context& ctx,
-             const std::string& url,
-             std::vector<asio::ip::tcp::endpoint> endpoints,
-             std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});

    ~Resolver();

@@ -216,19 +219,19 @@ public:

    // resolves implicitly
    Request(asio::io_context& ctx,
-            const std::string& url,
+            std::string url,
            const Json::Value& json,
            OnJsonCb jsoncb,
            std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});
-    Request(asio::io_context& ctx, const std::string& url, OnJsonCb jsoncb, std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});
+    Request(asio::io_context& ctx, std::string url, OnJsonCb jsoncb, std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});

-    Request(asio::io_context& ctx, const std::string& url, std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});
+    Request(asio::io_context& ctx, std::string url, std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});
    Request(asio::io_context& ctx,
            std::string_view host,
            std::string_view service,
            const bool ssl = false,
            std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});
-    Request(asio::io_context& ctx, const std::string& url, OnDoneCb onDone, std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});
+    Request(asio::io_context& ctx, std::string url, OnDoneCb onDone, std::shared_ptr<log::Logger> logger = {});

    // user defined resolver
    Request(asio::io_context& ctx, std::shared_ptr<Resolver> resolver, sa_family_t family = AF_UNSPEC);
@@ -344,8 +347,6 @@ private:

    dht::crypto::Identity client_identity_;
    std::shared_ptr<dht::crypto::Certificate> server_ca_;
-    std::string service_;
-    std::string host_;

    unsigned int id_;
    static std::atomic_uint ids_;
@@ -42,8 +42,7 @@ OPENDHT_PUBLIC void hash(const uint8_t* data, size_t data_length, uint8_t* hash,
 }

 /**
- * Represents an Hash,
- * a byte array of N bytes.
+ * Represents an Hash, a byte array of N bytes.
 * Hashes identify nodes and values in the Dht.
 */
 template<size_t N>
@@ -54,31 +53,25 @@ public:
    typedef typename T::iterator iterator;
    typedef typename T::const_iterator const_iterator;

-    Hash() noexcept { data_.fill(0); }
-    Hash(const uint8_t* h, size_t data_len)
-    {
-        if (data_len < N)
-            data_.fill(0);
-        else
-            std::copy_n(h, N, data_.begin());
-    }
+    constexpr Hash() noexcept
+        : data_ {}
+    {}
+    constexpr Hash(const uint8_t* h, size_t data_len)
+        : data_(fromBytes(h, data_len))
+    {}
    /**
     * Constructor from an hexadecimal string (without "0x").
-     * hex must be at least 2.HASH_LEN characters long.
-     * If too long, only the first 2.HASH_LEN characters are read.
+     * hex must be at least 2.N characters long.
+     * If too long, only the first 2.N characters are read.
     */
-    explicit Hash(std::string_view hex)
-    {
-        if (hex.size() < 2 * N)
-            data_.fill(0);
-        else
-            fromString(hex.data());
-    }
+    explicit constexpr Hash(std::string_view hex)
+        : data_(fromString(hex))
+    {}

    Hash(const msgpack::object& o) { msgpack_unpack(o); }

    static constexpr size_t size() noexcept { return N; }
-    const uint8_t* data() const { return data_.data(); }
+    constexpr const uint8_t* data() const { return data_.data(); }
    uint8_t* data() { return data_.data(); }
    iterator begin() { return data_.begin(); }
    const_iterator cbegin() const { return data_.cbegin(); }
@@ -87,10 +80,21 @@ public:

    static constexpr inline Hash zero() noexcept { return Hash {}; }

-    bool operator==(const Hash& h) const { return data_ == h.data_; }
-    bool operator!=(const Hash& h) const { return !(*this == h); }
+    constexpr bool operator==(const Hash& h) const
+    {
+#if __cplusplus >= 202002L
+        return data_ == h.data_;
+#else
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
+            if (data_[i] != h.data_[i])
+                return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+#endif
+    }
+    constexpr bool operator!=(const Hash& h) const { return !(*this == h); }

-    bool operator<(const Hash& o) const
+    constexpr bool operator<(const Hash& o) const
    {
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            if (data_[i] != o.data_[i])
@@ -99,7 +103,7 @@ public:
        return false;
    }

-    Hash operator^(const Hash& o) const
+    constexpr Hash operator^(const Hash& o) const
    {
        Hash result;
        for (auto i = 0u; i < N; i++) {
@@ -108,8 +112,9 @@ public:
        return result;
    }

-    explicit operator bool() const
+    explicit constexpr operator bool() const
    {
+#if __cplusplus >= 202002L
        auto a = reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(data_.data());
        auto b = reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(data_.data() + N);
        for (; a != b; a++) {
@@ -117,24 +122,32 @@ public:
                return true;
        }
        return false;
+#else
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
+            if (data_[i] != 0)
+                return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+#endif
    }

    uint8_t& operator[](size_t index) { return data_[index]; }
-    const uint8_t& operator[](size_t index) const { return data_[index]; }
+    constexpr const uint8_t& operator[](size_t index) const { return data_[index]; }

    /**
     * Find the lowest 1 bit in an id.
     * Result will allways be lower than 8*N
     */
-    inline int lowbit() const
+    constexpr int lowbit() const
    {
-        int i, j;
-        for (i = N - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+        int i = N - 1;
+        for (; i >= 0; i--)
            if (data_[i] != 0)
                break;
        if (i < 0)
            return -1;
-        for (j = 7; j >= 0; j--)
+        int j = 7;
+        for (; j >= 0; j--)
            if ((data_[i] & (0x80 >> j)) != 0)
                break;
        return 8 * i + j;
@@ -146,11 +159,10 @@ public:
    }

    /** Find how many bits two ids have in common. */
-    static inline unsigned commonBits(const Hash& id1, const Hash& id2)
+    static constexpr inline unsigned commonBits(const Hash& id1, const Hash& id2)
    {
-        unsigned i, j;
-        uint8_t x;
-        for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+        unsigned i = 0;
+        for (; i < N; i++) {
            if (id1.data_[i] != id2.data_[i])
                break;
        }
@@ -158,9 +170,9 @@ public:
        if (i == N)
            return 8 * N;

-        x = id1.data_[i] ^ id2.data_[i];
+        uint8_t x = id1.data_[i] ^ id2.data_[i];

-        j = 0;
+        unsigned j = 0;
        while ((x & 0x80) == 0) {
            x <<= 1;
            j++;
@@ -170,7 +182,7 @@ public:
    }

    /** Determine whether id1 or id2 is closer to this */
-    int xorCmp(const Hash& id1, const Hash& id2) const
+    constexpr int xorCmp(const Hash& id1, const Hash& id2) const
    {
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            if (id1.data_[i] == id2.data_[i])
@@ -182,7 +194,7 @@ public:
        return 0;
    }

-    bool getBit(unsigned nbit) const
+    constexpr bool getBit(unsigned nbit) const
    {
        auto& num = *(data_.cbegin() + (nbit / 8));
        unsigned bit = 7 - (nbit % 8);
@@ -257,8 +269,9 @@ public:
    }

 private:
-    T data_;
-    void fromString(const char*);
+    alignas(alignof(uint32_t)) T data_;
+    static constexpr T fromBytes(const uint8_t*, size_t);
+    static constexpr T fromString(std::string_view);
 };

 #define HASH_LEN 20u
@@ -281,30 +294,51 @@ operator>>(std::istream& s, Hash<N>& h)
    std::array<char, h.size() * 2> dat;
    s.exceptions(std::istream::eofbit | std::istream::failbit);
    s.read(&(*dat.begin()), dat.size());
-    fromString(dat.data());
+    h = Hash<N>(std::string_view(dat.data(), dat.size()));
    return s;
 }

 template<size_t N>
-void
-Hash<N>::fromString(const char* in)
+constexpr typename Hash<N>::T
+Hash<N>::fromBytes(const uint8_t* in, size_t size)
 {
-    auto hex2bin = [](char c) -> uint8_t {
+    T data {};
+    if (size < N)
+        return data;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i)
+        data[i] = in[i];
+    return data;
+}
+
+template<size_t N>
+constexpr typename Hash<N>::T
+Hash<N>::fromString(std::string_view in)
+{
+    T data {};
+    if (in.size() < 2 * N)
+        return data;
+
+    constexpr auto hex2bin = [](char c, bool& valid) -> uint8_t {
        if (c >= 'a' and c <= 'f')
            return 10 + c - 'a';
        else if (c >= 'A' and c <= 'F')
            return 10 + c - 'A';
        else if (c >= '0' and c <= '9')
            return c - '0';
-        else
-            throw std::domain_error("not an hex character");
+        else {
+            valid = false;
+            return 0;
+        }
    };
-    try {
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++)
-            data_[i] = (hex2bin(in[2 * i]) << 4) | hex2bin(in[2 * i + 1]);
-    } catch (const std::domain_error&) {
-        data_.fill(0);
+    bool valid = true;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < N && valid; i++) {
+        uint8_t high = hex2bin(in[2 * i], valid);
+        uint8_t low = hex2bin(in[2 * i + 1], valid);
+        data[i] = (high << 4) | low;
    }
+    if (!valid)
+        return {};
+    return data;
 }

 template<size_t N>
@@ -369,6 +403,19 @@ toHex(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data)
    return toHex(data.data(), data.size());
 }

+template<size_t N>
+constexpr std::array<char, N * 2>
+toHexArray(const Hash<N>& h)
+{
+    std::array<char, N * 2> ret {};
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+        const auto& m = hex_map[h[i]];
+        ret[i * 2] = m[0];
+        ret[i * 2 + 1] = m[1];
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
 template<size_t N>
 const char*
 Hash<N>::to_c_str() const
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ struct OPENDHT_PUBLIC Logger

    std::shared_ptr<Logger> createChild(std::string tag)
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock {children_mutex_};
+        std::lock_guard lock {children_mutex_};
        auto child = std::make_shared<Logger>(*this, std::move(tag));
        children_.push_back(child);
        return child;
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ struct OPENDHT_PUBLIC Logger

    void setFilter(std::string_view filter)
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock {children_mutex_};
+        std::lock_guard lock {children_mutex_};
        enable_ = filter.empty() or tag_.find(filter) != std::string_view::npos;
        for (auto it = children_.begin(); it != children_.end();) {
            if (auto c = it->lock()) {
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ private:
    const LogMethod logger_ = {};
    const std::string tag_ {};
    const std::string prefix_ {};
-    std::mutex children_mutex_ {};
+    std::mutex children_mutex_;
    std::vector<std::weak_ptr<Logger>> children_ {};
    bool enable_ {true};
 };
@@ -489,8 +489,12 @@ private:
    static constexpr size_t MTU {1280};
    static constexpr size_t MAX_PACKET_VALUE_SIZE {600};
    static constexpr size_t MAX_MESSAGE_VALUE_SIZE {56 * 1024};
+    static constexpr size_t RX_MAX_EARLY_BYTES {MAX_MESSAGE_VALUE_SIZE + MAX_VALUE_SIZE + 32};
+    static constexpr size_t RX_MAX_EARLY_PARTS {RX_MAX_EARLY_BYTES / MTU + 2};

    void process(std::unique_ptr<ParsedMessage>&&, const SockAddr& from);
+    bool isExpectedReply(const ParsedMessage&, const SockAddr& from);
+    bool tryCompleteMessage(PartialMessage&, const SockAddr& from);

    bool rateLimit(const SockAddr& addr);

@@ -527,7 +531,8 @@ private:
    {
        return packValueHeader(buf, values.begin(), values.end());
    }
-    void maintainRxBuffer(Tid tid);
+    using PartialMessageKey = std::pair<SockAddr, Tid>;
+    void maintainRxBuffer(const PartialMessageKey& key);

    /*************
     *  Answers  *
@@ -547,7 +552,7 @@ private:
    std::pair<Blob, Blob> bufferNodes(
        sa_family_t af, const InfoHash& id, want_t want, std::vector<Sp<Node>>& nodes, std::vector<Sp<Node>>& nodes6);
    /* answer to a listen request */
-    void sendListenConfirmation(const SockAddr& addr, Tid tid);
+    void sendListenConfirmation(const SockAddr& addr, Tid tid, const Blob& token = {});
    /* answer to put request */
    void sendValueAnnounced(const SockAddr& addr, Tid, Value::Id);
    /* answer in case of error */
@@ -573,7 +578,7 @@ private:

    // requests handling
    std::map<Tid, Sp<Request>> requests {};
-    std::map<Tid, PartialMessage> partial_messages;
+    std::map<PartialMessageKey, PartialMessage> partial_messages;

    MessageStats in_stats {}, out_stats {};
    std::set<SockAddr> blacklist {};
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public:

    inline void setOnReceive(OnReceive&& cb)
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(lock);
+        std::lock_guard lk(lock);
        rx_callback = std::move(cb);
    }

@@ -67,12 +67,12 @@ public:

    SockAddr getBound(sa_family_t family = AF_UNSPEC) const
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(lock);
+        std::lock_guard lk(lock);
        return getBoundRef(family);
    }
    in_port_t getPort(sa_family_t family = AF_UNSPEC) const
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(lock);
+        std::lock_guard lk(lock);
        return getBoundRef(family).getPort();
    }

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ protected:

    inline void onReceived(PacketList&& packets)
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(lock);
+        std::lock_guard lk(lock);
        if (rx_callback) {
            auto r = rx_callback(std::move(packets));
            if (not r.empty() and toRecycle_.size() < RX_QUEUE_MAX_SIZE)
@@ -134,12 +134,12 @@ public:

    bool hasIPv4() const override
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(lock);
+        std::lock_guard lk(lock);
        return s4 != -1;
    }
    bool hasIPv6() const override
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(lock);
+        std::lock_guard lk(lock);
        return s6 != -1;
    }

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace dht {
 namespace proxy {

 constexpr const std::chrono::hours OP_TIMEOUT {24}; // one day
-constexpr const std::chrono::hours OP_MARGIN {2};   // two hours
+constexpr const std::chrono::hours OP_MARGIN {8};   // eight hours

 using ListenToken = uint64_t;

@@ -113,14 +113,6 @@ public:
     * and put it in the DHT.
     * The operation will be immediate if the recipient' public key is known (otherwise it will be retrived first).
     */
-    void putEncrypted(
-        const InfoHash& hash, const InfoHash& to, Sp<Value> val, DoneCallback callback, bool permanent = false);
-
-    [[deprecated("Use the shared_ptr version instead")]]
-    void putEncrypted(const InfoHash& hash, const InfoHash& to, Value&& v, DoneCallback callback, bool permanent = false)
-    {
-        putEncrypted(hash, to, std::make_shared<Value>(std::move(v)), callback, permanent);
-    }
    void putEncrypted(const InfoHash& hash,
                      const crypto::PublicKey& to,
                      Sp<Value> val,
@@ -145,17 +137,11 @@ public:

    Value decrypt(const Value& v);

-    void findCertificate(const InfoHash& node, const std::function<void(const Sp<crypto::Certificate>)>& cb);
-    void findPublicKey(const InfoHash& node, const std::function<void(const Sp<crypto::PublicKey>)>& cb);
-
    void findCertificate(const PkId& id, const std::function<void(const Sp<crypto::Certificate>)>& cb);
    void findPublicKey(const PkId& id, const std::function<void(const Sp<crypto::PublicKey>)>& cb);

    void registerCertificate(const Sp<crypto::Certificate>& cert);

-    Sp<crypto::Certificate> getCertificate(const InfoHash& node) const;
-    Sp<crypto::PublicKey> getPublicKey(const InfoHash& node) const;
-
    Sp<crypto::Certificate> getCertificate(const PkId& node) const;
    Sp<crypto::PublicKey> getPublicKey(const PkId& node) const;

@@ -164,10 +150,6 @@ public:
     * The search key used is the public key ID, so there may be multiple certificates retured, signed with
     * the same private key.
     */
-    void setLocalCertificateStore(CertificateStoreQueryLegacy&& query_method)
-    {
-        localQueryMethodLegacy_ = std::move(query_method);
-    }
    void setLocalCertificateStore(CertificateStoreQuery&& query_method) { localQueryMethod_ = std::move(query_method); }
    void setOnPublicAddressChanged(PublicAddressChangedCb cb) override { dht_->setOnPublicAddressChanged(cb); }

@@ -345,13 +327,10 @@ private:

    // method to query the local certificate store
    CertificateStoreQuery localQueryMethod_ {};
-    CertificateStoreQueryLegacy localQueryMethodLegacy_ {};

    // our certificate cache
-    std::map<InfoHash, Sp<crypto::Certificate>> nodesCertificates_ {};
-    std::map<InfoHash, Sp<crypto::PublicKey>> nodesPubKeys_ {};
-    std::map<PkId, Sp<crypto::Certificate>> nodesCertificatesLong_ {};
-    std::map<PkId, Sp<crypto::PublicKey>> nodesPubKeysLong_ {};
+    std::map<PkId, Sp<crypto::Certificate>> nodesCertificates_ {};
+    std::map<PkId, Sp<crypto::PublicKey>> nodesPubKeys_ {};

    std::atomic_bool forward_all_ {false};
    bool enableCache_ {false};
@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@
 #include <future>
 #include <functional>

-#include <ciso646> // fix windows compiler bug
+#if __cplusplus < 202002L
+#include <ciso646>
+#endif

 namespace dht {

@@ -53,12 +55,14 @@ public:
    void detach();

 private:
-    std::mutex lock_ {};
+    std::mutex lock_;
    std::condition_variable cv_ {};
+    std::condition_variable stopCv_ {};
    std::queue<std::function<void()>> tasks_ {};
    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<std::thread>> threads_;
    unsigned readyThreads_ {0};
    bool running_ {true};
+    bool stopping_ {false};

    unsigned minThreads_;
    const unsigned maxThreads_;
@@ -81,7 +85,7 @@ public:
 private:
    std::reference_wrapper<ThreadPool> threadPool_;
    const unsigned maxConcurrent_ {1};
-    std::mutex lock_ {};
+    std::mutex lock_;
    unsigned current_ {0};
    std::queue<std::function<void()>> tasks_ {};

@@ -104,7 +108,7 @@ public:

    void run(std::function<void()>&& task)
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(state_->mtx);
+        std::lock_guard lock(state_->mtx);
        if (state_->shutdown_)
            return;
        state_->pendingTasks++;
@@ -114,7 +118,7 @@ public:
 private:
    struct SharedState
    {
-        std::mutex mtx {};
+        std::mutex mtx;
        std::condition_variable cv {};
        unsigned pendingTasks {0};
        unsigned ongoingTasks {0};
@@ -125,7 +129,7 @@ private:

        void destroy(bool wait = true)
        {
-            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
+            std::unique_lock lock(mtx);
            if (destroyed)
                return;
            if (wait) {
@@ -141,7 +145,7 @@ private:
        void run(const std::function<void()>& task)
        {
            {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
+                std::lock_guard lock(mtx);
                pendingTasks--;
                ongoingTasks++;
            }
@@ -149,7 +153,7 @@ private:
                return;
            task();
            {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
+                std::lock_guard lock(mtx);
                ongoingTasks--;
                cv.notify_all();
            }
@@ -85,8 +85,16 @@ using system_clock = std::chrono::system_clock;
 using time_point = clock::time_point;
 using duration = clock::duration;

-time_point from_time_t(std::time_t t);
-std::time_t to_time_t(time_point t);
+OPENDHT_PUBLIC time_point from_system_time(system_clock::time_point t,
+                                           time_point steady_now,
+                                           system_clock::time_point system_now);
+OPENDHT_PUBLIC time_point from_system_time(system_clock::time_point t);
+OPENDHT_PUBLIC system_clock::time_point to_system_time(time_point t,
+                                                       time_point steady_now,
+                                                       system_clock::time_point system_now);
+OPENDHT_PUBLIC system_clock::time_point to_system_time(time_point t);
+OPENDHT_PUBLIC time_point from_time_t(std::time_t t);
+OPENDHT_PUBLIC std::time_t to_time_t(time_point t);

 template<class DT>
 static std::string
@@ -126,6 +134,8 @@ print_time_relative(TimePoint now, TimePoint d)
    return (d > now) ? concat("in "sv, print_duration(d - now)) : concat(print_duration(now - d), " ago"sv);
 }

+OPENDHT_PUBLIC std::string printByteCount(size_t bytes);
+
 template<typename Duration = duration>
 class uniform_duration_distribution : public std::uniform_int_distribution<typename Duration::rep>
 {
@@ -184,7 +194,7 @@ unpackMsg(const Blob& b)
    return msgpack::unpack((const char*) b.data(), b.size());
 }

-msgpack::object* findMapValue(const msgpack::object& map, const char* key, size_t length);
+OPENDHT_PUBLIC msgpack::object* findMapValue(const msgpack::object& map, const char* key, size_t length);

 inline msgpack::object*
 findMapValue(const msgpack::object& map, const char* key)
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ using namespace std::literals;
 static constexpr auto VALUE_KEY_ID("id");
 static const std::string VALUE_KEY_DAT("dat");
 static const std::string VALUE_KEY_PRIO("p");
+static const std::string VALUE_KEY_PUSHTYPE("pt");
 static const std::string VALUE_KEY_SIGNATURE("sig");

 static const std::string VALUE_KEY_SEQ("seq");
@@ -451,6 +452,7 @@ struct OPENDHT_PUBLIC Value
        , signature(std::move(o.signature))
        , cypher(std::move(o.cypher))
        , priority(o.priority)
+        , pushType(std::move(o.pushType))
    {}

    template<typename Type>
@@ -574,7 +576,7 @@ struct OPENDHT_PUBLIC Value
    template<typename Packer>
    void msgpack_pack(Packer& pk) const
    {
-        pk.pack_map(2 + (priority ? 1 : 0));
+        pk.pack_map(2 + (priority ? 1 : 0) + (!pushType.empty() ? 1 : 0));
        pk.pack(VALUE_KEY_ID);
        pk.pack(id);
        pk.pack(VALUE_KEY_DAT);
@@ -583,6 +585,10 @@ struct OPENDHT_PUBLIC Value
            pk.pack(VALUE_KEY_PRIO);
            pk.pack(priority);
        }
+        if (!pushType.empty()) {
+            pk.pack(VALUE_KEY_PUSHTYPE);
+            pk.pack(pushType);
+        }
    }

    template<typename Packer>
@@ -672,6 +678,13 @@ struct OPENDHT_PUBLIC Value
     */
    unsigned priority {0};

+    /**
+     * Push notification type — set by the sender so that the proxy server
+     * can include it in the FCM/APNs payload without decrypting the value.
+     * Example: "audioCall", "videoCall"
+     */
+    std::string pushType {};
+
    inline bool isSignatureChecked() const { return signatureChecked; }
    inline bool isDecrypted() const { return decrypted; }
    bool checkSignature();
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ project(
    'cython',
    license: 'MIT',
    license_files: 'LICENSE',
-    version: '3.7.0',
+    version: '4.3.0',
    meson_version: '>=1.1.0',
-    default_options: ['cpp_std=c++17', 'warning_level=3'],
+    default_options: ['cpp_std=c++20', 'warning_level=3'],
 )

 gnutls = dependency('gnutls')
@@ -15,10 +15,23 @@ nettle = dependency('nettle')
 msgpack = dependency('msgpack-cxx', required: false)
 argon2 = dependency('libargon2')
 fmt = dependency('fmt')
-openssl = dependency('openssl', required: get_option('proxy_client'))
-jsoncpp = dependency('jsoncpp', required: get_option('proxy_client'))
-llhttp = dependency('llhttp', 'libllhttp', required: get_option('proxy_client'))
-simdutf = dependency('simdutf', required: get_option('proxy_client'))
+
+proxy_enabled = get_option('proxy_client').enabled() or get_option('proxy_server').enabled()
+
+openssl = dependency('openssl', required: proxy_enabled)
+jsoncpp = dependency('jsoncpp', required: proxy_enabled)
+llhttp = dependency('llhttp', 'libllhttp', required: proxy_enabled)
+simdutf = dependency('simdutf', required: proxy_enabled)
+
+# restinio is a header-only library that may not ship a pkg-config file
+restinio_dep = dependency('restinio', required: false)
+if not restinio_dep.found()
+    cpp = meson.get_compiler('cpp')
+    if cpp.has_header('restinio/all.hpp', required: proxy_enabled)
+        restinio_dep = declare_dependency()
+    endif
+endif
+
 io_uring = host_machine.system() == 'linux' ? dependency('liburing', required: false) : disabler()

 deps = [
@@ -33,6 +46,10 @@ deps = [
    llhttp,
 ]

+if restinio_dep.found()
+    deps += restinio_dep
+endif
+
 if host_machine.system() == 'linux' and io_uring.found()
    deps += io_uring
 endif
@@ -79,7 +96,7 @@ if get_option('indexation').enabled()
    opendht_src += 'src/indexation/pht.cpp'
    add_project_arguments('-DOPENDHT_INDEXATION', language: 'cpp')
 endif
-if jsoncpp.found()
+if jsoncpp.found() and simdutf.found()
    opendht_src += ['src/base64.cpp']
    add_project_arguments('-DOPENDHT_JSONCPP', language: 'cpp')
    conf_data.set('jsoncpp_lib', ', jsoncpp')
@@ -118,6 +135,17 @@ opendht = library(
    install: true,
 )

+opendht_dep_args = []
+if get_option('default_library') != 'static'
+    opendht_dep_args += '-Dopendht_EXPORTS'
+endif
+
+opendht_dep = declare_dependency(
+    link_with: opendht,
+    include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
+    compile_args: opendht_dep_args,
+)
+
 # Install library headers.
 install_subdir('include', install_dir: get_option('includedir'), strip_directory: true)

@@ -128,6 +156,13 @@ conf_data.set('libdir', join_paths(get_option('prefix'), get_option('libdir')))
 conf_data.set('includedir', join_paths(get_option('prefix'), get_option('includedir')))
 conf_data.set('argon2_lib', ', libargon2')
 conf_data.set('simdutf_lib', ', simdutf')
+conf_data.set('opendht_public_cflags', '')
+conf_data.set('opendht_c_public_cflags', '')
+
+if get_option('default_library') != 'static'
+    conf_data.set('opendht_public_cflags', ' -Dopendht_EXPORTS')
+    conf_data.set('opendht_c_public_cflags', ' -Dopendht_c_EXPORTS')
+endif

 configure_file(
    input: 'opendht.pc.in',
@@ -143,9 +178,7 @@ if get_option('c').enabled()
    opendht_c = library(
        'opendht-c',
        ['c/opendht.cpp', 'c/opendht_c.h'],
-        include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-        link_with: opendht,
-        dependencies: [msgpack, jsoncpp, fmt],
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, msgpack, jsoncpp, fmt],
        cpp_args: ['-DOPENDHT_C_BUILD', '-Dopendht_c_EXPORTS'],
        install: true,
    )
@@ -181,10 +214,8 @@ if get_option('python').require(
    py.extension_module(
        'opendht',
        'python/opendht.pyx',
-        include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
        override_options: ['cython_language=cpp'],
-        link_with: [opendht],
-        dependencies: [msgpack, jsoncpp, fmt, dep_py],
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, msgpack, jsoncpp, fmt, dep_py],
        install: true,
    )
 endif
@@ -193,25 +224,19 @@ if get_option('tools').enabled()
    dhtnode = executable(
        'dhtnode',
        'tools/dhtnode.cpp',
-        include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-        link_with: opendht,
-        dependencies: [readline, jsoncpp, msgpack, fmt, openssl],
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, readline, jsoncpp, msgpack, fmt, openssl],
        install: true,
    )
    dhtchat = executable(
        'dhtchat',
        'tools/dhtchat.cpp',
-        include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-        link_with: opendht,
-        dependencies: [readline, jsoncpp, msgpack, fmt, openssl],
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, readline, jsoncpp, msgpack, fmt, openssl],
        install: true,
    )
    dhtscanner = executable(
        'dhtscanner',
        'tools/dhtscanner.cpp',
-        include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-        link_with: opendht,
-        dependencies: [readline, jsoncpp, msgpack, fmt, openssl],
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, readline, jsoncpp, msgpack, fmt, openssl],
        install: true,
    )
    if llhttp.found()
@@ -224,9 +249,7 @@ if get_option('tools').enabled()
        durl = executable(
            'durl',
            'tools/durl.cpp',
-            include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-            link_with: opendht,
-            dependencies: durl_deps,
+            dependencies: [opendht_dep] + durl_deps,
        )
    endif
 endif
@@ -237,62 +260,68 @@ if get_option('tests').enabled()

    test_infohash = executable(
        'test_infohash',
-        'tests/infohashtester.cpp',
+        'tests/test_infohash.cpp',
        'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
-        include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-        link_with: opendht,
-        dependencies: [cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
    )
    test('Infohash', test_infohash)

    test_value = executable(
        'test_value',
-        'tests/valuetester.cpp',
+        'tests/test_value.cpp',
        'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
-        include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-        link_with: opendht,
-        dependencies: [cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
    )
    test('Value', test_value)

+    test_parsedmessage = executable(
+        'test_parsedmessage',
+        'tests/test_parsedmessage.cpp',
+        'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
+        include_directories: opendht_inc,
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
+    )
+    test('ParsedMessage', test_parsedmessage)
+
+    test_networkengine = executable(
+        'test_networkengine',
+        'tests/test_networkengine.cpp',
+        'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
+        include_directories: opendht_inc,
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
+    )
+    test('NetworkEngine', test_networkengine)
+
    test_crypto = executable(
        'test_crypto',
-        'tests/cryptotester.cpp',
+        'tests/test_crypto.cpp',
        'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
-        include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-        link_with: opendht,
-        dependencies: [cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack, gnutls],
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack, gnutls],
    )
-    test('Crypto', test_crypto)
+    test('Crypto', test_crypto, timeout: 60)

    test_dhtrunner = executable(
        'test_dhtrunner',
-        'tests/dhtrunnertester.cpp',
+        'tests/test_dhtrunner.cpp',
        'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
-        include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-        link_with: opendht,
-        dependencies: [cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
    )
-    test('DhtRunner', test_dhtrunner)
+    test('DhtRunner', test_dhtrunner, timeout: 60)

    test_threadpool = executable(
        'test_threadpool',
-        'tests/threadpooltester.cpp',
+        'tests/test_threadpool.cpp',
        'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
-        include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-        link_with: opendht,
-        dependencies: [cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
+        dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
    )
    test('ThreadPool', test_threadpool)

    if get_option('proxy_client').enabled() or get_option('proxy_server').enabled()
        test_http = executable(
            'test_http',
-            'tests/httptester.cpp',
+            'tests/test_http.cpp',
            'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
-            include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-            link_with: opendht,
-            dependencies: [cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
+            dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
        )
        test('Http', test_http)
    endif
@@ -300,11 +329,9 @@ if get_option('tests').enabled()
    if get_option('peer_discovery').enabled()
        test_peerdiscovery = executable(
            'test_peerdiscovery',
-            'tests/peerdiscoverytester.cpp',
+            'tests/test_peerdiscovery.cpp',
            'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
-            include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-            link_with: opendht,
-            dependencies: [cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
+            dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
        )
        test('PeerDiscovery', test_peerdiscovery)
    endif
@@ -312,11 +339,9 @@ if get_option('tests').enabled()
    if get_option('proxy_server').enabled()
        test_proxy = executable(
            'test_dhtproxy',
-            'tests/dhtproxytester.cpp',
+            'tests/test_dhtproxy.cpp',
            'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
-            include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-            link_with: opendht,
-            dependencies: [cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
+            dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
        )
        test('DhtProxy', test_proxy)

@@ -325,9 +350,7 @@ if get_option('tests').enabled()
                'test_dhtproxystress',
                'tests/dhtproxy_stress_tester.cpp',
                'tests/tests_runner.cpp',
-                include_directories: opendht_interface_inc,
-                link_with: opendht,
-                dependencies: [cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
+                dependencies: [opendht_dep, cppunit, jsoncpp, fmt, openssl, msgpack],
            )
            test('DhtProxy Stress', test_proxystress)
        endif
@@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ Description: Distributed Hash Table library (C Wrapper)
 Version: @VERSION@
 Libs: -L${libdir} -lopendht-c
 Requires.private: opendht gnutls >= 3.1 @argon2_lib@
-Cflags: -I${includedir}
+Cflags: -I${includedir}@opendht_c_public_cflags@
@@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ Libs: -L${libdir} -lopendht -lfmt
 Libs.private: @http_lib@ -pthread
 Requires: gnutls >= 3.3@jsoncpp_lib@@openssl_lib@
 Requires.private: nettle >= 2.4@argon2_lib@@llhttp_lib@@iouring_lib@@simdutf_lib@
-Cflags: -I${includedir}
+Cflags: -I${includedir}@opendht_public_cflags@
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-if USE_CYTHON
-
-noinst_HEADERS = \
-	opendht.pyx \
-	opendht_cpp.pxd \
-	pyproject.toml
-
-PYTHON_INSTALL_RECORD = $(builddir)/install_record.txt
-
-pybuild.stamp:
-	LDFLAGS="-L$(top_srcdir)/src/.libs" $(PYTHON) -m build .
-	echo stamp > pybuild.stamp
-
-CLEANFILES = pybuild.stamp
-
-all-local: pybuild.stamp
-clean-local:
-	rm -rf $(builddir)/build $(builddir)/*.so $(PYTHON_INSTALL_RECORD)
-
-install-exec-local:
-	$(PYTHON) -m pip install --no-deps --no-build-isolation . \
-		--root=$(DESTDIR)/ --prefix=$(prefix)
-	rm -rf $(builddir)/build
-
-if HAVE_PIP
-uninstall-local:
-	/usr/bin/yes | $(PIP) uninstall $(PACKAGE)
-endif
-
-endif
@@ -820,13 +820,8 @@ cdef class DhtRunner(_WithID):
                        key._infohash, (<PkId>to)._pkid, val._value,
                        cpp.bindDoneCb(done_callback, <void*>cb_obj), permanent
                    )
-                elif isinstance(to, InfoHash):
-                    self.thisptr.get().putEncrypted(
-                        key._infohash, (<InfoHash>to)._infohash, val._value,
-                        cpp.bindDoneCb(done_callback, <void*>cb_obj), permanent
-                    )
                else:
-                    raise TypeError("'to' must be PublicKey, PkId, or InfoHash")
+                    raise TypeError("'to' must be PublicKey or PkId")
            except:
                ref.Py_DECREF(cb_obj)
                raise
@@ -282,7 +282,6 @@ cdef extern from "opendht/dhtrunner.h" namespace "dht":
        void get(InfoHash key, GetCallback get_cb, DoneCallback done_cb, nullptr_t f, Where w)
        void put(InfoHash key, shared_ptr[Value] val, DoneCallback done_cb, time_point created, bool permanent)
        void putSigned(InfoHash key, shared_ptr[Value] val, DoneCallback done_cb, bool permanent) 
-        void putEncrypted(InfoHash key, InfoHash to, shared_ptr[Value] val, DoneCallback done_cb, bool permanent)
        void putEncrypted(InfoHash key, PkId to, shared_ptr[Value] val, DoneCallback done_cb, bool permanent)
        void putEncrypted(InfoHash key, shared_ptr[PublicKey] to, shared_ptr[Value] val, DoneCallback done_cb, bool permanent)
        void cancelPut(InfoHash key, shared_ptr[Value] val)
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"

 [tool.cibuildwheel]
 build = [
-  'cp3{9,10,11,12,13}-manylinux_x86_64',
-  'cp3{10,11,12,13}-manylinux_aarch64',
-  'cp3{11,12,13}-macosx_x86_64',
-  'cp3{11,12,13}-macosx_arm64',
-  'cp3{11,12,13}-win_amd64',
+  'cp3{9,10,11,12,13,14}-manylinux_x86_64',
+  'cp3{10,11,12,13,14}-manylinux_aarch64',
+  'cp3{11,12,13,14}-macosx_x86_64',
+  'cp3{11,12,13,14}-macosx_arm64',
+  'cp3{11,12,13,14}-win_amd64',
 ]

 [tool.cibuildwheel.linux]
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ impl DhtRunner {
    pub fn put_encrypted<'a>(
        &mut self,
        h: &InfoHash,
-        to: &InfoHash,
+        to: &PkId,
        v: Box<Value>,
        done_cb: &'a mut (dyn FnMut(bool)),
        permanent: bool,
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ extern {
                                 cb_user_data: *mut c_void,
                                 permanent: bool);
    pub fn dht_runner_put_encrypted(dht: *mut DhtRunner, h: *const InfoHash,
-                                    to: *const InfoHash, v: *const Value,
+                                    to: *const PkId, v: *const Value,
                                    done_cb: extern fn(bool, *mut c_void),
                                    cb_user_data: *mut c_void,
                                    permanent: bool);
@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-lib_LTLIBRARIES = libopendht.la
-
-libopendht_la_CPPFLAGS = @CPPFLAGS@ -I$(top_srcdir)/include/opendht @Argon2_CFLAGS@ @JsonCpp_CFLAGS@ @MsgPack_CFLAGS@ @OpenSSL_CFLAGS@ @Fmt_CFLAGS@ @Llhttp_CFLAGS@ @Liburing_CFLAGS@ @simdutf_CFLAGS@
-libopendht_la_LIBADD   = @Argon2_LIBS@ @JsonCpp_LIBS@ @GnuTLS_LIBS@ @Nettle_LIBS@ @OpenSSL_LIBS@ @Fmt_LIBS@ @Llhttp_LIBS@ @Liburing_LIBS@ @simdutf_LIBS@
-libopendht_la_LDFLAGS  = @LDFLAGS@ -version-number @OPENDHT_MAJOR_VERSION@:@OPENDHT_MINOR_VERSION@:@OPENDHT_PATCH_VERSION@
-libopendht_la_SOURCES  = \
-        dht.cpp \
-        storage.h \
-        listener.h \
-        request.h \
-        search.h \
-        value_cache.h \
-        op_cache.h \
-        op_cache.cpp \
-        net.h \
-        parsed_message.h \
-        node_cache.cpp \
-        callbacks.cpp \
-        routing_table.cpp \
-        network_engine.cpp \
-        utils.cpp \
-        node.cpp \
-        value.cpp \
-        crypto.cpp \
-        securedht.cpp \
-        dhtrunner.cpp \
-        default_types.cpp \
-        log.cpp \
-        network_utils.cpp \
-        thread_pool.cpp
-
-nobase_include_HEADERS = \
-        ../include/opendht.h \
-        ../include/opendht/def.h \
-        ../include/opendht/dht.h \
-        ../include/opendht/callbacks.h \
-        ../include/opendht/node_cache.h \
-        ../include/opendht/node_export.h \
-        ../include/opendht/routing_table.h \
-        ../include/opendht/network_engine.h \
-        ../include/opendht/scheduler.h \
-        ../include/opendht/rate_limiter.h \
-        ../include/opendht/utils.h \
-        ../include/opendht/sockaddr.h \
-        ../include/opendht/infohash.h \
-        ../include/opendht/node.h \
-        ../include/opendht/value.h \
-        ../include/opendht/crypto.h \
-        ../include/opendht/securedht.h \
-        ../include/opendht/dhtrunner.h \
-        ../include/opendht/default_types.h \
-        ../include/opendht/log.h \
-        ../include/opendht/logger.h \
-        ../include/opendht/network_utils.h \
-        ../include/opendht/rng.h \
-        ../include/opendht/thread_pool.h
-
-if ENABLE_PROXY_SERVER
-libopendht_la_SOURCES += dht_proxy_server.cpp
-nobase_include_HEADERS += ../include/opendht/dht_proxy_server.h
-endif
-
-if ENABLE_PROXY_CLIENT
-libopendht_la_SOURCES += dht_proxy_client.cpp
-nobase_include_HEADERS += ../include/opendht/dht_proxy_client.h ../include/opendht/dht_interface.h
-endif
-
-libopendht_la_SOURCES += base64.h base64.cpp
-if PROXY_CLIENT_OR_SERVER
-libopendht_la_SOURCES += http.cpp compat/os_cert.cpp
-nobase_include_HEADERS += ../include/opendht/proxy.h ../include/opendht/http.h compat/os_cert.h
-endif
-
-if ENABLE_PEER_DISCOVERY
-libopendht_la_SOURCES += peer_discovery.cpp
-nobase_include_HEADERS += ../include/opendht/peer_discovery.h
-endif
-
-if ENABLE_INDEXATION
-libopendht_la_SOURCES += indexation/pht.cpp
-nobase_include_HEADERS += ../include/opendht/indexation/pht.h
-endif
@@ -36,4 +36,19 @@ base64_decode(std::string_view str)
    return buffer;
 }

+std::vector<unsigned char>
+base64_default_or_url_decode(std::string_view str)
+{
+    std::vector<unsigned char> buffer(simdutf::maximal_binary_length_from_base64(str.data(), str.size()));
+    simdutf::result r = simdutf::base64_to_binary(str.data(),
+                                                  str.size(),
+                                                  (char*) buffer.data(),
+                                                  simdutf::base64_options::base64_default_or_url);
+    if (r.error) {
+        throw std::invalid_argument(concat("Invalid base64 input: "sv, simdutf::error_to_string(r.error)));
+    } else {
+        buffer.resize(r.count);
+    }
+    return buffer;
+}
 } // namespace dht
@@ -21,5 +21,12 @@ std::string base64_encode(const std::vector<unsigned char>& str);
 * @return a base64-decoded buffer
 */
 std::vector<unsigned char> base64_decode(std::string_view str);
+/**
+ * Decode a buffer in base64 or url style base64 (including '-' '_' ).
+ *
+ * @param str the input buffer
+ * @return a base64-decoded buffer
+ */
+std::vector<unsigned char> base64_default_or_url_decode(std::string_view str);

-} // namespace dht
+} // namespace dht
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #include <nettle/gcm.h>
 #include <nettle/aes.h>
 #include <nettle/hmac.h>
+#include <nettle/version.h>
 #include <gnutls/crypto.h>

 #include <argon2.h>
@@ -98,6 +99,46 @@ private:
 #define GCM_DIGEST_SIZE GCM_BLOCK_SIZE
 #endif

+static void
+gcmAes128Digest(gcm_aes128_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* digest)
+{
+#if NETTLE_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4
+    gcm_aes128_digest(ctx, digest);
+#else
+    gcm_aes128_digest(ctx, GCM_DIGEST_SIZE, digest);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void
+gcmAes192Digest(gcm_aes192_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* digest)
+{
+#if NETTLE_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4
+    gcm_aes192_digest(ctx, digest);
+#else
+    gcm_aes192_digest(ctx, GCM_DIGEST_SIZE, digest);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void
+gcmAes256Digest(gcm_aes256_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* digest)
+{
+#if NETTLE_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4
+    gcm_aes256_digest(ctx, digest);
+#else
+    gcm_aes256_digest(ctx, GCM_DIGEST_SIZE, digest);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void
+hmacSha256Digest(hmac_sha256_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* digest)
+{
+#if NETTLE_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4
+    hmac_sha256_digest(ctx, digest);
+#else
+    hmac_sha256_digest(ctx, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE, digest);
+#endif
+}
+
 Blob
 aesEncrypt(const uint8_t* data, size_t data_length, const Blob& key)
 {
@@ -115,19 +156,19 @@ aesEncrypt(const uint8_t* data, size_t data_length, const Blob& key)
        gcm_aes128_set_key(&aes, key.data());
        gcm_aes128_set_iv(&aes, GCM_IV_SIZE, ret.data());
        gcm_aes128_encrypt(&aes, data_length, ret.data() + GCM_IV_SIZE, data);
-        gcm_aes128_digest(&aes, GCM_DIGEST_SIZE, ret.data() + GCM_IV_SIZE + data_length);
+        gcmAes128Digest(&aes, ret.data() + GCM_IV_SIZE + data_length);
    } else if (key.size() == AES_LENGTHS[1]) {
        struct gcm_aes192_ctx aes;
        gcm_aes192_set_key(&aes, key.data());
        gcm_aes192_set_iv(&aes, GCM_IV_SIZE, ret.data());
        gcm_aes192_encrypt(&aes, data_length, ret.data() + GCM_IV_SIZE, data);
-        gcm_aes192_digest(&aes, GCM_DIGEST_SIZE, ret.data() + GCM_IV_SIZE + data_length);
+        gcmAes192Digest(&aes, ret.data() + GCM_IV_SIZE + data_length);
    } else if (key.size() == AES_LENGTHS[2]) {
        struct gcm_aes256_ctx aes;
        gcm_aes256_set_key(&aes, key.data());
        gcm_aes256_set_iv(&aes, GCM_IV_SIZE, ret.data());
        gcm_aes256_encrypt(&aes, data_length, ret.data() + GCM_IV_SIZE, data);
-        gcm_aes256_digest(&aes, GCM_DIGEST_SIZE, ret.data() + GCM_IV_SIZE + data_length);
+        gcmAes256Digest(&aes, ret.data() + GCM_IV_SIZE + data_length);
    }

    return ret;
@@ -160,19 +201,19 @@ aesDecrypt(const uint8_t* data, size_t data_length, const Blob& key)
        gcm_aes128_set_key(&aes, key.data());
        gcm_aes128_set_iv(&aes, GCM_IV_SIZE, data);
        gcm_aes128_decrypt(&aes, data_sz, ret.data(), data + GCM_IV_SIZE);
-        gcm_aes128_digest(&aes, GCM_DIGEST_SIZE, digest.data());
+        gcmAes128Digest(&aes, digest.data());
    } else if (key.size() == AES_LENGTHS[1]) {
        struct gcm_aes192_ctx aes;
        gcm_aes192_set_key(&aes, key.data());
        gcm_aes192_set_iv(&aes, GCM_IV_SIZE, data);
        gcm_aes192_decrypt(&aes, data_sz, ret.data(), data + GCM_IV_SIZE);
-        gcm_aes192_digest(&aes, GCM_DIGEST_SIZE, digest.data());
+        gcmAes192Digest(&aes, digest.data());
    } else if (key.size() == AES_LENGTHS[2]) {
        struct gcm_aes256_ctx aes;
        gcm_aes256_set_key(&aes, key.data());
        gcm_aes256_set_iv(&aes, GCM_IV_SIZE, data);
        gcm_aes256_decrypt(&aes, data_sz, ret.data(), data + GCM_IV_SIZE);
-        gcm_aes256_digest(&aes, GCM_DIGEST_SIZE, digest.data());
+        gcmAes256Digest(&aes, digest.data());
    }

    if (not std::equal(digest.begin(), digest.end(), data + data_length - GCM_DIGEST_SIZE)) {
@@ -446,7 +487,7 @@ PrivateKey::getPublicKey() const
 const std::shared_ptr<PublicKey>&
 PrivateKey::getSharedPublicKey() const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(publicKeyMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(publicKeyMutex_);
    if (not publicKey_) {
        auto pk = std::make_shared<PublicKey>();
        if (auto err = gnutls_pubkey_import_privkey(pk->pk, key, GNUTLS_KEY_KEY_CERT_SIGN | GNUTLS_KEY_CRL_SIGN, 0))
@@ -530,6 +571,12 @@ PublicKey::toString() const
    }
    if (err != GNUTLS_E_SUCCESS)
        throw CryptoException(std::string("Could not print public key: ") + gnutls_strerror(err));
+    // GnuTLS reports the PEM size including the terminating null byte, which
+    // does not belong to the text and would end up embedded in whatever the
+    // string is copied into, such as the "owner" field of a serialized value.
+    ret.resize(sz);
+    if (not ret.empty() and ret.back() == '\0')
+        ret.pop_back();
    return ret;
 }

@@ -959,7 +1006,7 @@ Certificate::getPublicKey() const
 const std::shared_ptr<PublicKey>&
 Certificate::getSharedPublicKey() const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(publicKeyMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(publicKeyMutex_);
    if (not publicKey_) {
        auto pk = std::make_shared<PublicKey>();
        if (auto err = gnutls_pubkey_import_x509(pk->pk, cert, 0))
@@ -1247,14 +1294,16 @@ PrivateKey::generate(unsigned key_length, gnutls_pk_algorithm_t algo)
 }

 PrivateKey
-PrivateKey::generateEC()
+PrivateKey::generateEC(gnutls_ecc_curve_t curve)
 {
    gnutls_x509_privkey_t key;
    if (gnutls_x509_privkey_init(&key) != GNUTLS_E_SUCCESS)
        throw CryptoException("Unable to initialize private key.");
    int err = gnutls_x509_privkey_generate(key,
                                           GNUTLS_PK_EC,
-                                           gnutls_sec_param_to_pk_bits(GNUTLS_PK_EC, GNUTLS_SEC_PARAM_ULTRA),
+                                           curve == GNUTLS_ECC_CURVE_INVALID
+                                               ? gnutls_sec_param_to_pk_bits(GNUTLS_PK_EC, GNUTLS_SEC_PARAM_ULTRA)
+                                               : GNUTLS_CURVE_TO_BITS(curve),
                                           0);
    if (err != GNUTLS_E_SUCCESS) {
        gnutls_x509_privkey_deinit(key);
@@ -1355,8 +1404,11 @@ setRandomSerial(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert)
 {
    std::random_device rdev;
    std::uniform_int_distribution<int64_t> dist {1};
-    int64_t cert_serial = dist(rdev);
-    gnutls_x509_crt_set_serial(cert, &cert_serial, sizeof(cert_serial));
+    const auto cert_serial = dist(rdev);
+    std::array<uint8_t, sizeof(cert_serial)> packed_serial;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < packed_serial.size(); i++)
+        packed_serial[i] = cert_serial >> (8 * (packed_serial.size() - 1 - i));
+    gnutls_x509_crt_set_serial(cert, packed_serial.data(), packed_serial.size());
 }

 Certificate
@@ -1832,34 +1884,8 @@ RevocationList::getUpdateTime() const
    return std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(t);
 }

-enum class Endian : uint32_t { LITTLE = 0, BIG = 1 };
-
-template<typename T>
-T
-endian(T w, Endian endian = Endian::BIG)
-{
-    // this gets optimized out into if (endian == host_endian) return w;
-    union {
-        uint64_t quad;
-        uint32_t islittle;
-    } t;
-    t.quad = 1;
-    if (t.islittle ^ (uint32_t) endian)
-        return w;
-    T r = 0;
-
-    // decent compilers will unroll this (gcc)
-    // or even convert straight into single bswap (clang)
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(r); i++) {
-        r <<= 8;
-        r |= w & 0xff;
-        w >>= 8;
-    }
-    return r;
-}
-
 void
-RevocationList::sign(const PrivateKey& key, const Certificate& ca, duration validity)
+RevocationList::sign(const PrivateKey& key, const Certificate& ca, duration validity, uint64_t crlNumber)
 {
    if (auto err = gnutls_x509_crl_set_version(crl, 2))
        throw CryptoException(std::string("Unable to set CRL version: ") + gnutls_strerror(err));
@@ -1869,19 +1895,28 @@ RevocationList::sign(const PrivateKey& key, const Certificate& ca, duration vali
        throw CryptoException(std::string("Unable to set CRL update time: ") + gnutls_strerror(err));
    if (auto err = gnutls_x509_crl_set_next_update(crl, std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(next_update)))
        throw CryptoException(std::string("Unable to set CRL next update time: ") + gnutls_strerror(err));
-    uint64_t number {0};
-    size_t number_sz {sizeof(number)};
-    unsigned critical {0};
-    gnutls_x509_crl_get_number(crl, &number, &number_sz, &critical);
+    uint64_t number {crlNumber};
    if (number == 0) {
-        // initialize to a random number
-        number_sz = sizeof(number);
-        std::random_device rdev;
-        std::generate_n((uint8_t*) &number, sizeof(number), std::bind(rand_byte, std::ref(rdev)));
-    } else
-        number = endian(endian(number) + 1);
-    if (auto err = gnutls_x509_crl_set_number(crl, &number, sizeof(number)))
-        throw CryptoException(std::string("Unable to set CRL update time: ") + gnutls_strerror(err));
+        // The CRL Number extension holds a DER integer of variable length, so it must be
+        // read as a big-endian byte string rather than straight into an uint64_t.
+        auto current = getNumber();
+        for (uint8_t byte : current)
+            number = (number << 8) | byte;
+        if (number == 0) {
+            // Initialize to a random number.
+            std::random_device rdev;
+            do {
+                std::generate_n((uint8_t*) &number, sizeof(number), std::bind(rand_byte, std::ref(rdev)));
+            } while (number == 0);
+        } else
+            number++;
+    }
+    // Store the number in network byte order.
+    uint8_t packedNumber[sizeof(number)];
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(packedNumber); i++)
+        packedNumber[i] = (uint8_t) ((number >> (8 * (sizeof(packedNumber) - 1 - i))) & 0xff);
+    if (auto err = gnutls_x509_crl_set_number(crl, packedNumber, sizeof(packedNumber)))
+        throw CryptoException(std::string("Unable to set CRL number: ") + gnutls_strerror(err));
    if (auto err = gnutls_x509_crl_sign2(crl, ca.cert, key.x509_key, GNUTLS_DIG_SHA512, 0))
        throw CryptoException(std::string("Unable to sign certificate revocation list: ") + gnutls_strerror(err));
    // to be able to actually use the CRL we need to serialize/deserialize it
@@ -2045,7 +2080,7 @@ hkdf_extract(const Blob& salt, const Blob& ikm)
    hmac_sha256_set_key(&ctx, salt.size(), salt.data());
    hmac_sha256_update(&ctx, ikm.size(), ikm.data());
    Blob prk(SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
-    hmac_sha256_digest(&ctx, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE, prk.data());
+    hmacSha256Digest(&ctx, prk.data());
    return prk;
 }

@@ -2063,7 +2098,7 @@ hkdf_expand(const Blob& prk, const uint8_t* info, size_t info_len, size_t len)
        hmac_sha256_update(&ctx, info_len, info);
        hmac_sha256_update(&ctx, 1, &i);
        T.resize(SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
-        hmac_sha256_digest(&ctx, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE, T.data());
+        hmacSha256Digest(&ctx, T.data());
        okm.insert(okm.end(), T.begin(), T.end());
        i++;
    }
@@ -2223,7 +2258,7 @@ webPushEncrypt(const Blob& p256dh,

    Blob ciphertext(plaintext.size() + GCM_DIGEST_SIZE);
    gcm_aes128_encrypt(&aes, plaintext.size(), ciphertext.data(), plaintext.data());
-    gcm_aes128_digest(&aes, GCM_DIGEST_SIZE, ciphertext.data() + plaintext.size());
+    gcmAes128Digest(&aes, ciphertext.data() + plaintext.size());

    // 6. Construct Output
    Blob output;
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ Dht::updateStatus(sa_family_t af)
    auto& d = dht(af);
    auto old = d.status;
    d.status = d.getStatus(scheduler.time());
+    if (d.status == NodeStatus::Disconnected && bootstrap_pending && bootstrapJob && !bootstrap_nodes.empty())
+        d.status = NodeStatus::Connecting;
    if (d.status != old) {
        auto& other = dht(af == AF_INET ? AF_INET6 : AF_INET);
        if (other.status == NodeStatus::Disconnected && d.status == NodeStatus::Disconnected) {
@@ -385,7 +387,7 @@ Dht::paginate(std::weak_ptr<Search> ws, Sp<Query> query, SearchNode* n)
    n->pagination_queries[query].push_back(select_q);

    if (logger_)
-        logger_->debug("[search {}] [node {}] Sending {}", sr->id.to_view(), n->node->toString(), select_q->toString());
+        logger_->debug("[search {}] [node {}] Sending {}", sr->id.toString(), n->node->toString(), select_q->toString());
    n->getStatus[select_q] = network_engine.sendGetValues(
        n->node, sr->id, *select_q, -1, onSelectDone, std::bind(&Dht::searchNodeGetExpired, this, _1, _2, ws, select_q));
 }
@@ -654,6 +656,20 @@ Dht::searchSynchedNodeListen(const Sp<Search>& sr, SearchNode& n)
    for (const auto& l : sr->listeners) {
        const auto& query = l.second.query;

+        auto openListenSocket = [this, ws, query, node = n.node] {
+            return node->openSocket([this, ws, query](const Sp<Node>& node, net::RequestAnswer&& answer) mutable {
+                /* on new values */
+                if (auto sr = ws.lock()) {
+                    scheduler.edit(sr->nextSearchStep, scheduler.time());
+                    if (auto sn = sr->getNode(node)) {
+                        if (not answer.ntoken.empty())
+                            sn->refreshToken(answer.ntoken);
+                        sn->onValues(query, std::move(answer), types, scheduler);
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        };
+
        auto r = n.listenStatus.find(query);
        if (n.getListenTime(r, listenExp) > scheduler.time())
            continue;
@@ -665,21 +681,7 @@ Dht::searchSynchedNodeListen(const Sp<Search>& sr, SearchNode& n)
            r = n.listenStatus
                    .emplace(std::piecewise_construct,
                             std::forward_as_tuple(query),
-                             std::forward_as_tuple(l.second.get_cb,
-                                                   l.second.sync_cb,
-                                                   n.node->openSocket([this,
-                                                                       ws,
-                                                                       query](const Sp<Node>& node,
-                                                                              net::RequestAnswer&& answer) mutable {
-                                                       /* on new values */
-                                                       if (auto sr = ws.lock()) {
-                                                           scheduler.edit(sr->nextSearchStep, scheduler.time());
-                                                           sr->insertNode(node, scheduler.time(), answer.ntoken);
-                                                           if (auto sn = sr->getNode(node)) {
-                                                               sn->onValues(query, std::move(answer), types, scheduler);
-                                                           }
-                                                       }
-                                                   })))
+                             std::forward_as_tuple(l.second.get_cb, l.second.sync_cb, openListenSocket()))
                    .first;
            r->second.cacheExpirationJob = scheduler.add(time_point::max(), [this, ws, query, node = n.node] {
                if (auto sr = ws.lock()) {
@@ -688,6 +690,8 @@ Dht::searchSynchedNodeListen(const Sp<Search>& sr, SearchNode& n)
                    }
                }
            });
+        } else if (not n.node->getSocket(r->second.socketId)) {
+            r->second.socketId = openListenSocket();
        }
        auto new_req = network_engine.sendListen(
            n.node,
@@ -889,10 +893,16 @@ Dht::search(const InfoHash& id,
            sr = std::make_shared<Search>();
            srs.emplace(id, sr);
        } else {
-            for (auto it = srs.begin(); it != srs.end();) {
+            for (auto it = srs.begin(); it != srs.end(); ++it) {
                auto& s = *it->second;
                if ((s.done or s.expired) and s.announce.empty() and s.listeners.empty()) {
                    sr = it->second;
+                    if (sr->nextSearchStep)
+                        scheduler.cancel(sr->nextSearchStep);
+                    if (sr->opExpirationJob)
+                        scheduler.cancel(sr->opExpirationJob);
+                    sr->clear();
+                    srs.erase(it);
                    break;
                }
            }
@@ -901,8 +911,11 @@ Dht::search(const InfoHash& id,
                    logger_->error("[search {} IPv{}] Maximum number of searches reached!",
                                   id.toString(),
                                   (af == AF_INET) ? '4' : '6');
+                if (dcb)
+                    dcb(false, {});
                return {};
            }
+            srs.emplace(id, sr);
        }
        sr->af = af;
        sr->tid = search_id++;
@@ -1408,11 +1421,19 @@ Dht::storageChanged(const InfoHash& id, Storage& st, const Sp<Value>& v, bool ne
 }

 bool
-Dht::storageStore(const InfoHash& id, const Sp<Value>& value, time_point created, const SockAddr& sa, bool permanent)
+Dht::storageStore(const InfoHash& id,
+                  const Sp<Value>& value,
+                  time_point created,
+                  const SockAddr& sa,
+                  bool permanent,
+                  time_point expiration)
 {
    const auto& now = scheduler.time();
    created = std::min(created, now);
-    auto expiration = permanent ? time_point::max() : created + getType(value->type).expiration;
+    if (expiration == time_point::min())
+        expiration = permanent ? time_point::max() : created + getType(value->type).expiration;
+    else if (not permanent)
+        expiration = std::min(expiration, created + getType(value->type).expiration);
    if (expiration < now)
        return false;

@@ -1429,7 +1450,7 @@ Dht::storageStore(const InfoHash& id, const Sp<Value>& value, time_point created
    StorageBucket* store_bucket {nullptr};
    bool is_local = !sa;
    if (sa)
-        store_bucket = &store_quota[sa];
+        store_bucket = &store_quota.try_emplace(sa, sa).first->second;
    else
        store_bucket = local_store_quota.get();

@@ -1835,15 +1856,18 @@ std::string
 Dht::getStorageLog() const
 {
    std::ostringstream out;
-    for (const auto& s : store)
-        out << printStorageLog(s);
+    for (const auto& s : store) {
+        const auto& st = s.second;
+        out << "Storage " << s.first << " " << st.listeners.size() << " list., " << st.valueCount() << " values, "
+            << printByteCount(st.totalSize()) << "\n";
+    }
    out << std::endl << std::endl;
    std::multimap<size_t, const SockAddr*> q_map;
    for (const auto& ip : store_quota)
        if (ip.second.size())
            q_map.emplace(ip.second.size(), &ip.first);
    for (auto ip = q_map.rbegin(); ip != q_map.rend(); ++ip)
-        out << "IP " << ip->second->toString() << " uses " << ip->first << " bytes" << std::endl;
+        out << "IP " << ip->second->toString() << " uses " << printByteCount(ip->first) << std::endl;
    out << std::endl;
    out << "Total " << store.size() << " storages, " << total_values << " values (";
    if (total_store_size < 1024)
@@ -1866,11 +1890,8 @@ std::string
 Dht::getStorageLog(const InfoHash& h) const
 {
    auto s = store.find(h);
-    if (s == store.end()) {
-        std::ostringstream out;
-        out << "Storage " << h << " empty" << std::endl;
-        return out.str();
-    }
+    if (s == store.end())
+        return fmt::format("Storage {} empty\n", h);
    return printStorageLog(*s);
 }

@@ -1880,8 +1901,14 @@ Dht::printStorageLog(const decltype(store)::value_type& s) const
    std::ostringstream out;
    using namespace std::chrono;
    const auto& st = s.second;
-    out << "Storage " << s.first << " " << st.listeners.size() << " list., " << st.valueCount() << " values ("
-        << st.totalSize() << " bytes)" << std::endl;
+    const auto& now = scheduler.time();
+    out << "Storage " << s.first << " " << st.listeners.size() << " list., " << st.valueCount() << " values, "
+        << printByteCount(st.totalSize()) << std::endl;
+    for (const auto& v : st.getValues()) {
+        out << "   Value " << v.data->id << " size: " << printByteCount(v.data->size())
+            << " created: " << print_time_relative(now, v.created)
+            << " expires: " << print_time_relative(now, v.expiration) << std::endl;
+    }
    if (not st.local_listeners.empty())
        out << "   " << st.local_listeners.size() << " local listeners" << std::endl;
    for (const auto& node_listeners : st.listeners) {
@@ -2214,6 +2241,18 @@ void
 Dht::onConnected()
 {
    stopBootstrap();
+
+    auto restartSearches = [this](std::map<InfoHash, Sp<Search>>& searches) {
+        const auto& now = scheduler.time();
+        for (auto& srp : searches) {
+            auto& sr = *srp.second;
+            if (sr.done)
+                continue;
+            scheduler.edit(sr.nextSearchStep, now);
+        }
+    };
+    restartSearches(dht4.searches);
+    restartSearches(dht6.searches);
    auto callbacks = std::move(onConnectCallbacks_);
    while (not callbacks.empty()) {
        callbacks.front()();
@@ -2231,10 +2270,19 @@ Dht::onDisconnected()
 void
 Dht::bootstrap()
 {
-    if (dht4.status != NodeStatus::Disconnected || dht6.status != NodeStatus::Disconnected)
+    if (dht4.status != NodeStatus::Disconnected || dht6.status != NodeStatus::Disconnected) {
+        // The job that led here has already run, and the scheduler does not
+        // clear the handle to a job it has executed. onDisconnected() reads a
+        // set handle as "a bootstrap is already scheduled" and does nothing,
+        // so leaving it set here means the node never tries to rejoin the
+        // network once it has lost it. Clearing it is what says that no
+        // bootstrap is pending any more.
+        bootstrapJob.reset();
        return;
+    }
    if (logger_)
        logger_->debug("[{}] Bootstraping", myid.to_view());
+    bootstrap_pending = false;
    for (const auto& boootstrap : bootstrap_nodes) {
        try {
            auto ips = network_engine.getSocket()->resolve(boootstrap.first, boootstrap.second);
@@ -2261,6 +2309,7 @@ void
 Dht::startBootstrap()
 {
    stopBootstrap();
+    bootstrap_pending = !bootstrap_nodes.empty();
    bootstrapJob = scheduler.add(scheduler.time(), std::bind(&Dht::bootstrap, this));
 }

@@ -2268,6 +2317,7 @@ void
 Dht::stopBootstrap()
 {
    scheduler.cancel(bootstrapJob);
+    bootstrap_pending = false;
    bootstrap_period = BOOTSTRAP_PERIOD;
 }

@@ -2313,6 +2363,9 @@ Dht::confirmNodes()
 std::vector<ValuesExport>
 Dht::exportValues() const
 {
+    const auto& now = scheduler.time();
+    const auto system_now = system_clock::now();
+
    std::vector<ValuesExport> e {};
    e.reserve(store.size());
    for (const auto& h : store) {
@@ -2324,9 +2377,16 @@ Dht::exportValues() const
        const auto& vals = h.second.getValues();
        pk.pack_array(vals.size());
        for (const auto& v : vals) {
-            pk.pack_array(2);
-            pk.pack(v.created.time_since_epoch().count());
+            pk.pack_array(4);
+            pk.pack(to_system_time(v.created, now, system_now));
            v.data->msgpack_pack(pk);
+            if (const auto& store_addr = v.store_bucket ? v.store_bucket->getAddr() : SockAddr {}) {
+                pk.pack_bin(store_addr.getLength());
+                pk.pack_bin_body(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(store_addr.get()), store_addr.getLength());
+            } else {
+                pk.pack_bin(0);
+            }
+            pk.pack(to_system_time(v.expiration, now, system_now));
        }
        ve.second = {buffer.data(), buffer.data() + buffer.size()};
        e.push_back(std::move(ve));
@@ -2338,10 +2398,15 @@ void
 Dht::importValues(const std::vector<ValuesExport>& import)
 {
    const auto& now = scheduler.time();
+    const auto system_now = system_clock::now();

+    unsigned imported = 0, ignored = 0;
+    size_t imported_size = 0;
    for (const auto& value : import) {
-        if (value.second.empty())
+        if (value.second.empty()) {
+            ignored++;
            continue;
+        }

        try {
            msgpack::unpacked msg;
@@ -2354,25 +2419,66 @@ Dht::importValues(const std::vector<ValuesExport>& import)
                if (valel.type != msgpack::type::ARRAY or valel.via.array.size < 2)
                    throw msgpack::type_error();
                time_point val_time;
+                time_point expiration = time_point::min();
                Value tmp_val;
+                SockAddr store_addr;
                try {
-                    val_time = time_point {
-                        time_point::duration {valel.via.array.ptr[0].as<time_point::duration::rep>()}};
+                    const bool uses_system_time = valel.via.array.ptr[0].type == msgpack::type::EXT;
+                    if (uses_system_time) {
+                        val_time = from_system_time(valel.via.array.ptr[0].as<system_clock::time_point>(),
+                                                    now,
+                                                    system_now);
+                    } else {
+                        val_time = time_point {
+                            time_point::duration {valel.via.array.ptr[0].as<time_point::duration::rep>()}};
+                    }
                    tmp_val.msgpack_unpack(valel.via.array.ptr[1]);
+                    if (valel.via.array.size >= 3) {
+                        auto addr_blob = valel.via.array.ptr[2].as<Blob>();
+                        if (not addr_blob.empty()) {
+                            store_addr = SockAddr(reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr*>(addr_blob.data()),
+                                                  static_cast<socklen_t>(addr_blob.size()));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (valel.via.array.size >= 4) {
+                        if (uses_system_time) {
+                            expiration = from_system_time(valel.via.array.ptr[3].as<system_clock::time_point>(),
+                                                          now,
+                                                          system_now);
+                        } else {
+                            expiration = time_point {
+                                time_point::duration {valel.via.array.ptr[3].as<time_point::duration::rep>()}};
+                        }
+                    }
                } catch (const std::exception&) {
                    if (logger_)
                        logger_->error("Error reading value at {}", value.first.to_view());
+                    ignored++;
                    continue;
                }
                val_time = std::min(val_time, now);
-                storageStore(value.first, std::make_shared<Value>(std::move(tmp_val)), val_time);
+                auto val_size = tmp_val.size();
+                if (storageStore(value.first,
+                                 std::make_shared<Value>(std::move(tmp_val)),
+                                 val_time,
+                                 store_addr,
+                                 false,
+                                 expiration)) {
+                    imported++;
+                    imported_size += val_size;
+                } else {
+                    ignored++;
+                }
            }
        } catch (const std::exception&) {
+            ignored++;
            if (logger_)
                logger_->error("Error reading values at {}", value.first.to_view());
            continue;
        }
    }
+    if (logger_)
+        logger_->debug("Imported {} values, {}, ignored {}", imported, dht::printByteCount(imported_size), ignored);
 }

 std::vector<NodeExport>
@@ -2457,6 +2563,17 @@ Dht::onError(Sp<net::Request> req, net::DhtProtocolException e)
                    continue;
                n->token.clear();
                n->last_get_reply = time_point::min();
+                for (auto& listen : n->listenStatus) {
+                    if (listen.second.req and listen.second.req->pending())
+                        n->node->cancelRequest(listen.second.req);
+                    listen.second.req = {};
+                    n->node->closeSocket(listen.second.socketId);
+                    if (listen.second.refresh) {
+                        listen.second.refresh->cancel();
+                        listen.second.refresh = {};
+                    }
+                    listen.second.cache.onSynced(false);
+                }
                searchSendGetValues(sr);
                scheduler.edit(sr->nextSearchStep, scheduler.time());
                break;
@@ -2613,11 +2730,13 @@ Dht::onListen(Sp<Node> node, const InfoHash& hash, const Blob& token, size_t soc
    }
    Query q = query;
    storageAddListener(hash, node, socket_id, std::move(q), version);
-    return {};
+    net::RequestAnswer answer {};
+    answer.ntoken = makeToken(node->getAddr(), false);
+    return answer;
 }

 void
-Dht::onListenDone(const Sp<Node>& /* node */, net::RequestAnswer& /* answer */, Sp<Search>& sr)
+Dht::onListenDone(const Sp<Node>& node, net::RequestAnswer& answer, Sp<Search>& sr)
 {
    // if (logger_)
    //     logger_->d(sr->id, node->id, "[search %s] [node %s] Got listen confirmation",
@@ -2625,6 +2744,9 @@ Dht::onListenDone(const Sp<Node>& /* node */, net::RequestAnswer& /* answer */,

    if (not sr->done) {
        const auto& now = scheduler.time();
+        if (not answer.ntoken.empty())
+            if (auto sn = sr->getNode(node))
+                sn->refreshToken(answer.ntoken);
        searchSendGetValues(sr);
        scheduler.edit(sr->nextSearchStep, now);
    }
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ struct DhtProxyClient::OperationState

 struct DhtProxyClient::Listener
 {
-    Listener(OpValueCache&& c)
-        : cache(std::move(c))
+    // The proxy server is a single logical source that re-delivers values
+    // (push refresh, listen restart): don't count duplicates.
+    Listener(ValueCallback&& cb)
+        : cache(std::move(cb), false)
    {}

    OpValueCache cache;
@@ -34,26 +36,26 @@ struct DhtProxyClient::Listener
    Sp<OperationState> opstate;
    std::shared_ptr<http::Request> request;
 #ifdef OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS
-    std::unique_ptr<asio::steady_timer> refreshSubscriberTimer;
+    std::unique_ptr<asio::system_timer> refreshSubscriberTimer;
 #endif
 };

 struct PermanentPut
 {
-    PermanentPut(const Sp<Value>& v, std::unique_ptr<asio::steady_timer>&& j, const Sp<std::atomic_bool>& o)
+    PermanentPut(const Sp<Value>& v, std::unique_ptr<asio::system_timer>&& j, const Sp<std::atomic_bool>& o)
        : value(v)
        , refreshPutTimer(std::move(j))
        , ok(o)
    {}

    Sp<Value> value;
-    std::unique_ptr<asio::steady_timer> refreshPutTimer;
+    std::unique_ptr<asio::system_timer> refreshPutTimer;
    Sp<std::atomic_bool> ok;
 };

 struct DhtProxyClient::ProxySearch
 {
-    SearchCache ops {};
+    SearchCache ops {false};
    std::unique_ptr<asio::steady_timer> opExpirationTimer;
    std::map<size_t, Listener> listeners {};
    std::map<Value::Id, PermanentPut> puts {};
@@ -195,7 +197,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::stop()
    if (not isDestroying_.exchange(true)) {
        std::shared_ptr<http::Resolver> resolver;
        {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(resolverLock_);
+            std::lock_guard l(resolverLock_);
            resolver = std::move(resolver_);
        }
        if (resolver)
@@ -204,7 +206,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::stop()
        if (infoState_)
            infoState_->cancel = true;
        {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(requestLock_);
+            std::lock_guard lock(requestLock_);
            for (auto& request : requests_)
                request.second->cancel();
        }
@@ -219,7 +221,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::stop()
 std::vector<Sp<Value>>
 DhtProxyClient::getLocal(const InfoHash& k, const Value::Filter& filter) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
    auto s = searches_.find(k);
    if (s == searches_.end())
        return {};
@@ -229,7 +231,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::getLocal(const InfoHash& k, const Value::Filter& filter) const
 Sp<Value>
 DhtProxyClient::getLocalById(const InfoHash& k, Value::Id id) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
    auto s = searches_.find(k);
    if (s == searches_.end())
        return {};
@@ -239,7 +241,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::getLocalById(const InfoHash& k, Value::Id id) const
 void
 DhtProxyClient::cancelAllListeners()
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
    if (logger_)
        logger_->debug("[proxy:client] [listeners] [{} searches] cancel all", searches_.size());
    for (auto& s : searches_) {
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::shutdown(ShutdownCallback cb, bool)
 NodeStatus
 DhtProxyClient::getStatus(sa_family_t af) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
+    std::lock_guard l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
    switch (af) {
    case AF_INET:
        return statusIpv4_;
@@ -280,7 +282,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::getStatus(sa_family_t af) const
 bool
 DhtProxyClient::isRunning(sa_family_t af) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
+    std::lock_guard l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
    switch (af) {
    case AF_INET:
        return statusIpv4_ != NodeStatus::Disconnected;
@@ -297,7 +299,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::periodic(const uint8_t*, size_t, SockAddr, const time_point& /*n
    // Exec all currently stored callbacks
    decltype(callbacks_) callbacks;
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockCallbacks_);
+        std::lock_guard lock(lockCallbacks_);
        callbacks = std::move(callbacks_);
    }
    for (auto& callback : callbacks)
@@ -357,7 +359,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::get(const InfoHash& key, GetCallback cb, DoneCallback donecb, Va
                }
                if (not values.empty() and cb) {
                    {
-                        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockCallbacks_);
+                        std::lock_guard lock(lockCallbacks_);
                        callbacks_.emplace_back([opstate, cb, values = std::move(values)]() {
                            if (not opstate->stop.load() and not cb(values)) {
                                opstate->stop.store(true);
@@ -382,7 +384,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::get(const InfoHash& key, GetCallback cb, DoneCallback donecb, Va
            }
            if (donecb) {
                {
-                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockCallbacks_);
+                    std::lock_guard lock(lockCallbacks_);
                    callbacks_.emplace_back([donecb, opstate]() {
                        donecb(opstate->ok, {});
                        opstate->stop.store(true);
@@ -391,12 +393,12 @@ DhtProxyClient::get(const InfoHash& key, GetCallback cb, DoneCallback donecb, Va
                loopSignal_();
            }
            if (not isDestroying_) {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+                std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
                requests_.erase(reqid);
            }
        });
        {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+            std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
            requests_[reqid] = request;
        }
        request->send();
@@ -419,12 +421,12 @@ DhtProxyClient::put(const InfoHash& key, Sp<Value> val, DoneCallback cb, time_po

    std::shared_ptr<std::atomic_bool> ok;
    if (permanent) {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+        std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
        ok = std::make_shared<std::atomic_bool>(true);
        auto& search = searches_[key];
        if (val->id) {
            auto id = val->id;
-            auto refreshPutTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(httpContext_,
+            auto refreshPutTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(httpContext_,
                                                                        proxy::OP_TIMEOUT - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
            refreshPutTimer->async_wait(
                std::bind(&DhtProxyClient::handleRefreshPut, this, std::placeholders::_1, key, id));
@@ -443,7 +445,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::put(const InfoHash& key, Sp<Value> val, DoneCallback cb, time_po
            if (ok)
                *ok = result;
            if (cb) {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockCallbacks_);
+                std::lock_guard lock(lockCallbacks_);
                callbacks_.emplace_back([cb, result]() { cb(result, {}); });
            }
            loopSignal_();
@@ -464,7 +466,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::handleRefreshPut(const asio::error_code& ec, InfoHash key, Value
    }
    if (logger_)
        logger_->debug("[proxy:client] [put] [refresh {}]", key.to_view());
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
    auto search = searches_.find(key);
    if (search != searches_.end()) {
        auto p = search->second.puts.find(id);
@@ -480,7 +482,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::handleRefreshPut(const asio::error_code& ec, InfoHash key, Value
 std::shared_ptr<http::Request>
 DhtProxyClient::buildRequest(const std::string& target)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(resolverLock_);
+    std::unique_lock l(resolverLock_);
    auto resolver = resolver_;
    l.unlock();
    if (not resolver)
@@ -535,12 +537,12 @@ DhtProxyClient::doPut(const InfoHash& key, Sp<Value> val, DoneCallbackSimple cb,
                        auto id = dht::Value(parsedValue).id;
                        val->id = id;
                        if (permanent) {
-                            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+                            std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
                            auto& search = searches_[key];
                            auto it = search.pendingPuts.find(val);
                            if (it != search.pendingPuts.end()) {
                                auto sok = std::make_shared<std::atomic_bool>(ok);
-                                auto refreshPutTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(httpContext_,
+                                auto refreshPutTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(httpContext_,
                                                                                            proxy::OP_TIMEOUT
                                                                                                - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
                                refreshPutTimer->async_wait(
@@ -565,12 +567,12 @@ DhtProxyClient::doPut(const InfoHash& key, Sp<Value> val, DoneCallbackSimple cb,
            if (cb)
                cb(ok);
            if (not isDestroying_) {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+                std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
                requests_.erase(reqid);
            }
        });
        {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+            std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
            requests_[reqid] = request;
        }
        request->send();
@@ -640,7 +642,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::getProxyInfos()
        logger_->debug("[proxy:client] [info] requesting proxy server node information");
    auto infoState = std::make_shared<InfoState>();
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
+        std::lock_guard l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
        if (infoState_)
            infoState_->cancel = true;
        infoState_ = infoState;
@@ -655,7 +657,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::getProxyInfos()
    auto resolver = std::make_shared<http::Resolver>(httpContext_, proxyUrl_, logger_);
    queryProxyInfo(infoState, resolver, AF_INET);
    queryProxyInfo(infoState, resolver, AF_INET6);
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(resolverLock_);
+    std::lock_guard l(resolverLock_);
    resolver_ = resolver;
 }

@@ -701,7 +703,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::queryProxyInfo(const Sp<InfoState>& infoState, const Sp<http::Re
                }
            }
            if (not isDestroying_) {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+                std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
                requests_.erase(reqid);
            }
        });
@@ -709,7 +711,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::queryProxyInfo(const Sp<InfoState>& infoState, const Sp<http::Re
        if (infoState->cancel.load())
            return;
        {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+            std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
            requests_[reqid] = request;
        }
        request->send();
@@ -724,7 +726,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::onProxyInfos(const Json::Value& proxyInfos, const sa_family_t fa
 {
    if (isDestroying_)
        return;
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
+    std::unique_lock l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
    auto oldStatus = std::max(statusIpv4_, statusIpv6_);
    auto& status = family == AF_INET ? statusIpv4_ : statusIpv6_;
    auto& pubAddress = family == AF_INET ? publicAddressV4_ : publicAddressV6_;
@@ -761,7 +763,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::onProxyInfos(const Json::Value& proxyInfos, const sa_family_t fa
                    addresses.emplace_back(publicAddressV4_);
                if (publicAddressV6_)
                    addresses.emplace_back(publicAddressV6_);
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockCallbacks_);
+                std::lock_guard lock(lockCallbacks_);
                callbacks_.emplace_back(
                    [cb = publicAddressChangedCb_, addresses = std::move(addresses)]() { cb(std::move(addresses)); });
            }
@@ -785,7 +787,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::onProxyInfos(const Json::Value& proxyInfos, const sa_family_t fa
            listenerRestartTimer_->expires_at(std::chrono::steady_clock::now());
            listenerRestartTimer_->async_wait(std::bind(&DhtProxyClient::restartListeners, this, std::placeholders::_1));
            if (not onConnectCallbacks_.empty()) {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockCallbacks_);
+                std::lock_guard lock(lockCallbacks_);
                callbacks_.emplace_back([cbs = std::move(onConnectCallbacks_)]() mutable {
                    while (not cbs.empty()) {
                        cbs.front()();
@@ -820,7 +822,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::parsePublicAddress(const Json::Value& val)
 std::vector<SockAddr>
 DhtProxyClient::getPublicAddress(sa_family_t family)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
+    std::lock_guard l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
    std::vector<SockAddr> result;
    if (publicAddressV6_ && family != AF_INET)
        result.emplace_back(publicAddressV6_);
@@ -837,7 +839,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::listen(const InfoHash& key, ValueCallback cb, Value::Filter filt
    if (isDestroying_)
        return 0;

-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
    auto& search = searches_[key];
    auto query = std::make_shared<Query>(Select {}, std::move(where));
    return search.ops
@@ -874,7 +876,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::listen(const InfoHash& key, ValueCallback cb, Value::Filter filt
                                                       system_clock::time_point t) {
                if (opstate->stop)
                    return false;
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+                std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
                auto s = searches_.find(key);
                if (s != searches_.end()) {
                    auto l = s->second.listeners.find(token);
@@ -891,8 +893,8 @@ DhtProxyClient::listen(const InfoHash& key, ValueCallback cb, Value::Filter filt
                 * (if the proxy crash for any reason)
                 */
                if (!l->second.refreshSubscriberTimer)
-                    l->second.refreshSubscriberTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(httpContext_);
-                l->second.refreshSubscriberTimer->expires_at(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + proxy::OP_TIMEOUT
+                    l->second.refreshSubscriberTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(httpContext_);
+                l->second.refreshSubscriberTimer->expires_at(std::chrono::system_clock::now() + proxy::OP_TIMEOUT
                                                             - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
                l->second.refreshSubscriberTimer->async_wait(
                    std::bind(&DhtProxyClient::handleResubscribe, this, std::placeholders::_1, key, token, opstate));
@@ -929,7 +931,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::handleResubscribe(const asio::error_code& ec,
    }
    if (opstate->stop)
        return;
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
    auto s = searches_.find(key);
    if (s != searches_.end()) {
        auto l = s->second.listeners.find(token);
@@ -948,7 +950,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::cancelListen(const InfoHash& key, size_t gtoken)
    if (logger_)
        logger_->debug("[proxy:client] [search {}] cancel listen {}", key.to_view(), gtoken);

-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
    // find the listener in cache
    auto it = searches_.find(key);
    if (it == searches_.end())
@@ -979,7 +981,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::handleExpireListener(const asio::error_code& ec, const InfoHash&
    if (logger_)
        logger_->debug("[proxy:client] [listen {}] expire listener", key.to_view());

-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
    auto search = searches_.find(key);
    if (search == searches_.end())
        return;
@@ -1015,12 +1017,12 @@ DhtProxyClient::handleExpireListener(const asio::error_code& ec, const InfoHash&
                            opFailed();
                    }
                    if (not isDestroying_) {
-                        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+                        std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
                        requests_.erase(reqid);
                    }
                });
                {
-                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+                    std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
                    requests_[reqid] = request;
                }
                request->send();
@@ -1097,7 +1099,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::sendListen(const restinio::http_request_header_t& header,
                    if (cb) {
                        auto expired = json.get("expired", Json::Value(false)).asBool();
                        {
-                            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockCallbacks_);
+                            std::lock_guard lock(lockCallbacks_);
                            callbacks_.emplace_back([cb, value, opstate, expired]() {
                                if (not opstate->stop.load()
                                    and not cb({value}, expired, system_clock::time_point::min()))
@@ -1124,12 +1126,12 @@ DhtProxyClient::sendListen(const restinio::http_request_header_t& header,
                    opFailed();
            }
            if (not isDestroying_) {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+                std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
                requests_.erase(reqid);
            }
        });
        {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+            std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
            requests_[reqid] = request;
        }
        request->add_on_status_callback([request, seconds = this->listenKeepIdle()](unsigned status_code) {
@@ -1153,7 +1155,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::opFailed()
    if (logger_)
        logger_->error("[proxy:client] proxy request failed");
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
+        std::lock_guard l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
        statusIpv4_ = NodeStatus::Disconnected;
        statusIpv6_ = NodeStatus::Disconnected;
    }
@@ -1186,15 +1188,15 @@ DhtProxyClient::restartListeners(const asio::error_code& ec)
    if (logger_)
        logger_->d("[proxy:client] [listeners] refresh permanent puts");

-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
    for (auto& search : searches_) {
        const auto& key = search.first;
        for (auto& put : search.second.puts) {
            doPut(key, put.second.value, [ok = put.second.ok](bool result) { *ok = result; }, time_point::max(), true);
            if (!put.second.refreshPutTimer) {
-                put.second.refreshPutTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(httpContext_);
+                put.second.refreshPutTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(httpContext_);
            }
-            put.second.refreshPutTimer->expires_at(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + proxy::OP_TIMEOUT
+            put.second.refreshPutTimer->expires_at(std::chrono::system_clock::now() + proxy::OP_TIMEOUT
                                                   - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
            put.second.refreshPutTimer->async_wait(
                std::bind(&DhtProxyClient::handleRefreshPut, this, std::placeholders::_1, key, put.first));
@@ -1249,7 +1251,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::pushNotificationReceived([[maybe_unused]] const std::map<std::st
 #ifdef OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS
    {
        // If a push notification is received, the proxy is up and running
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
+        std::lock_guard l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
        auto oldStatus = std::max(statusIpv4_, statusIpv6_);
        if (oldStatus != NodeStatus::Connected)
            launchConnectedCbs_ = true;
@@ -1264,7 +1266,7 @@ DhtProxyClient::pushNotificationReceived([[maybe_unused]] const std::map<std::st
                logger_->debug("[proxy:client] [push] ignoring push for other session");
            return PushNotificationResult::IgnoredWrongSession;
        }
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+        std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
        auto timeout = notification.find("timeout");
        if (timeout != notification.cend()) {
            InfoHash key(timeout->second);
@@ -1275,10 +1277,10 @@ DhtProxyClient::pushNotificationReceived([[maybe_unused]] const std::map<std::st
                auto vid = std::stoull(vidIt->second);
                auto& put = search.puts.at(vid);
                if (!put.refreshPutTimer)
-                    put.refreshPutTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(httpContext_,
-                                                                               std::chrono::steady_clock::now());
+                    put.refreshPutTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(httpContext_,
+                                                                               std::chrono::system_clock::now());
                else
-                    put.refreshPutTimer->expires_at(std::chrono::steady_clock::now());
+                    put.refreshPutTimer->expires_at(std::chrono::system_clock::now());
                put.refreshPutTimer->async_wait(
                    std::bind(&DhtProxyClient::handleRefreshPut, this, std::placeholders::_1, key, vid));
                ret = PushNotificationResult::PutRefresh;
@@ -1290,12 +1292,12 @@ DhtProxyClient::pushNotificationReceived([[maybe_unused]] const std::map<std::st
                                               : PushNotificationResult::ListenRefresh;
            }
        } else {
-            auto key = InfoHash(notification.at("key"));
            system_clock::time_point sendTime = system_clock::time_point::min();
            try {
                sendTime = system_clock::time_point(std::chrono::milliseconds(std::stoull(notification.at("t"))));
            } catch (...) {
            }
+            auto key = InfoHash(notification.at("key"));
            auto& search = searches_.at(key);
            auto expired = notification.find("exp");
            for (auto& list : search.listeners) {
@@ -1308,13 +1310,25 @@ DhtProxyClient::pushNotificationReceived([[maybe_unused]] const std::map<std::st
                if (expired == notification.end()) {
                    auto cb = list.second.cb;
                    auto oldValues = list.second.cache.getValues();
+                    auto receivedIds = std::make_shared<std::set<Value::Id>>();
                    get(
                        key,
-                        [cb, sendTime](const std::vector<Sp<Value>>& vals) { return cb(vals, false, sendTime); },
-                        [cb, oldValues, sendTime](bool /*ok*/) {
+                        [cb, sendTime, receivedIds](const std::vector<Sp<Value>>& vals) {
+                            for (const auto& v : vals)
+                                receivedIds->insert(v->id);
+                            return cb(vals, false, sendTime);
+                        },
+                        [cb, oldValues, sendTime, receivedIds](bool ok) {
+                            if (!ok)
+                                return;
                            // Decrement old values refcount to expire values not
                            // present in the new list
-                            cb(oldValues, true, sendTime);
+                            std::vector<Sp<Value>> toExpire;
+                            for (const auto& v : oldValues)
+                                if (receivedIds->find(v->id) == receivedIds->end())
+                                    toExpire.emplace_back(v);
+                            if (!toExpire.empty())
+                                cb(toExpire, true, sendTime);
                        });
                    ret = PushNotificationResult::Values;
                } else {
@@ -1326,11 +1340,11 @@ DhtProxyClient::pushNotificationReceived([[maybe_unused]] const std::map<std::st
                        ids.emplace_back(std::stoull(substr));
                    }
                    {
-                        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lockCb(lockCallbacks_);
+                        std::lock_guard lockCb(lockCallbacks_);
                        callbacks_.emplace_back([this, key, token, opstate, ids, sendTime]() {
                            if (opstate->stop)
                                return;
-                            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(searchLock_);
+                            std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
                            auto s = searches_.find(key);
                            if (s == searches_.end())
                                return;
@@ -1376,11 +1390,11 @@ DhtProxyClient::resubscribe([[maybe_unused]] const InfoHash& key,

    restinio::http_request_header_t header;
    header.method(restinio::http_method_subscribe());
-    header.request_target("/" + key.toString());
+    header.request_target("/key/" + key.toString());
    if (!listener.refreshSubscriberTimer) {
-        listener.refreshSubscriberTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(httpContext_);
+        listener.refreshSubscriberTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(httpContext_);
    }
-    listener.refreshSubscriberTimer->expires_at(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + proxy::OP_TIMEOUT - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
+    listener.refreshSubscriberTimer->expires_at(std::chrono::system_clock::now() + proxy::OP_TIMEOUT - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
    listener.refreshSubscriberTimer->async_wait(
        std::bind(&DhtProxyClient::handleResubscribe, this, std::placeholders::_1, key, token, opstate));
    auto vcb = listener.cb;
@@ -1422,17 +1436,20 @@ void
 DhtProxyClient::setPushNotificationToken([[maybe_unused]] const std::string& token)
 {
 #ifdef OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
-    if (deviceKey_ != token) {
+    {
+        std::unique_lock l(lockCurrentProxyInfos_);
+        if (deviceKey_ == token)
+            return;
        deviceKey_ = token;
-        if (statusIpv4_ == NodeStatus::Connected || statusIpv6_ == NodeStatus::Connected) {
-            if (logger_)
-                logger_->debug("[proxy:client] [push] token changed, resubscribing");
-            for (auto& search : searches_) {
-                for (auto& listener : search.second.listeners) {
-                    resubscribe(search.first, listener.first, listener.second);
-                }
-            }
+        if (!(statusIpv4_ == NodeStatus::Connected || statusIpv6_ == NodeStatus::Connected))
+            return;
+    }
+    if (logger_)
+        logger_->debug("[proxy:client] [push] token changed, resubscribing");
+    std::lock_guard lock(searchLock_);
+    for (auto& search : searches_) {
+        for (auto& listener : search.second.listeners) {
+            resubscribe(search.first, listener.first, listener.second);
        }
    }
 #endif
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::ConnectionListener::state_changed(const restinio::connection_sta
 void
 DhtProxyServer::onConnectionClosed(restinio::connection_id_t id)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockListener_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(lockListener_);
    auto it = listeners_.find(id);
    if (it != listeners_.end()) {
        dht_->cancelListen(it->second.hash, std::move(it->second.token));
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::PermanentPut::msgpack_unpack(const msgpack::object& o)
        clientId = cid->as<std::string>();
    }
    if (auto exp = findMapValue(o, "exp"sv)) {
-        expiration = from_time_t(exp->as<time_t>());
+        expiration = sys_clock::from_time_t(exp->as<time_t>());
    }
    if (auto token = findMapValue(o, "token"sv)) {
        pushToken = token->as<std::string>();
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::Listener::msgpack_unpack(const msgpack::object& o)
        clientId = cid->as<std::string>();
    }
    if (auto exp = findMapValue(o, "exp"sv)) {
-        expiration = from_time_t(exp->as<time_t>());
+        expiration = sys_clock::from_time_t(exp->as<time_t>());
    }
    if (auto sid = findMapValue(o, "sid"sv)) {
        if (not sessionCtx)
@@ -381,13 +381,13 @@ DhtProxyServer::saveState(Os& stream)
    msgpack::packer<Os> pk(&stream);
    pk.pack_map(2);
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockSearchPuts_);
+        std::lock_guard lock(lockSearchPuts_);
        pk.pack("puts");
        pk.pack(puts_);
    }
 #ifdef OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockListener_);
+        std::lock_guard lock(lockListener_);
        pk.pack("pushListeners");
        pk.pack(pushListeners_);
    }
@@ -408,13 +408,13 @@ DhtProxyServer::loadState(Is& is, size_t size)
            if (oh.get().type != msgpack::type::MAP)
                continue;
            if (auto puts = findMapValue(oh.get(), "puts"sv)) {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockSearchPuts_);
+                std::lock_guard lock(lockSearchPuts_);
                puts_ = puts->as<decltype(puts_)>();
                if (logger_)
                    logger_->debug("[proxy:server] Loading {} persistent puts", puts_.size());
                for (auto& put : puts_) {
                    for (auto& pput : put.second.puts) {
-                        pput.second.expireTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(io_context(),
+                        pput.second.expireTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(io_context(),
                                                                                       pput.second.expiration);
                        pput.second.expireTimer->async_wait(std::bind(&DhtProxyServer::handleCancelPermamentPut,
                                                                      this,
@@ -432,12 +432,12 @@ DhtProxyServer::loadState(Is& is, size_t size)
                                json["to"] = clientId;
                                json["vid"] = std::to_string(vid);
                                if (sessionCtx) {
-                                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(sessionCtx->lock);
+                                    std::lock_guard l(sessionCtx->lock);
                                    json["s"] = sessionCtx->sessionId;
                                }
                                return json;
                            };
-                            pput.second.expireNotifyTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(io_context(),
+                            pput.second.expireNotifyTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(io_context(),
                                                                                                 pput.second.expiration
                                                                                                     - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
                            pput.second.expireNotifyTimer->async_wait(
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::loadState(Is& is, size_t size)
                                          pput.second.topic));
                        }
 #endif
-                        dht_->put(put.first, pput.second.value, DoneCallbackSimple {}, time_point::max(), true);
+                        dht_->put(put.first, pput.second.value, DoneCallbackSimple {}, dht::time_point::max(), true);
                    }
                }
            } else {
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::loadState(Is& is, size_t size)
            }
 #ifdef OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS
            if (auto pushListeners = findMapValue(oh.get(), "pushListeners"sv)) {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockListener_);
+                std::lock_guard lock(lockListener_);
                pushListeners_ = pushListeners->as<decltype(pushListeners_)>();
                if (logger_)
                    logger_->debug("[proxy:server] Loading {} push listeners", pushListeners_.size());
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::loadState(Is& is, size_t size)
                                                                                 expired);
                                               });
                            // expire notify
-                            listener.expireNotifyTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(io_context(),
+                            listener.expireNotifyTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(io_context(),
                                                                                              listener.expiration
                                                                                                  - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
                            auto jsonProvider = [infoHash = listeners.first.toString(),
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::loadState(Is& is, size_t size)
                                Json::Value json;
                                json["timeout"] = infoHash;
                                json["to"] = clientId;
-                                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(sessionCtx->lock);
+                                std::lock_guard l(sessionCtx->lock);
                                json["s"] = sessionCtx->sessionId;
                                return json;
                            };
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::loadState(Is& is, size_t size)
                                          listener.type,
                                          listener.topic));
                            // cancel push listen
-                            listener.expireTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(io_context(),
+                            listener.expireTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(io_context(),
                                                                                        listener.expiration);
                            listener.expireTimer->async_wait(std::bind(&DhtProxyServer::handleCancelPushListen,
                                                                       this,
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::~DhtProxyServer()
        saveState(stateFile);
    }
    if (dht_) {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockListener_);
+        std::lock_guard lock(lockListener_);
        for (auto& l : listeners_) {
            dht_->cancelListen(l.second.hash, std::move(l.second.token));
            if (l.second.response)
@@ -571,6 +571,18 @@ DhtProxyServer::~DhtProxyServer()
    ioContext_->stop();
    if (serverThread_.joinable())
        serverThread_.join();
+    {
+        // ~Request notifies DONE and its handler erases from requests_:
+        // detach pending push requests so nothing calls back into this object.
+        decltype(requests_) pending;
+        {
+            std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
+            pending = std::move(requests_);
+        }
+        for (auto& r : pending)
+            r.second->add_on_state_change_callback({});
+        pending.clear();
+    }
    if (logger_)
        logger_->debug("[proxy:server] http server closed");
 }
@@ -817,7 +829,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::listen(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::rou
        auto response = std::make_shared<ResponseByPartsBuilder>(
            initHttpResponse(request->create_response<ResponseByParts>()));
        response->flush();
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockListener_);
+        std::lock_guard lock(lockListener_);
        // save the listener to handle a disconnect
        auto& session = listeners_[request->connection_id()];
        session.hash = infoHash;
@@ -907,6 +919,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::subscribe(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::
        Json::Value r;
        auto* char_data = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(request->body().data());
        auto reader = std::unique_ptr<Json::CharReader>(jsonReaderBuilder_.newCharReader());
+
        if (!reader->parse(char_data, char_data + request->body().size(), &r, &err)) {
            auto response = initHttpResponse(request->create_response(restinio::status_bad_request()));
            response.set_body(RESP_MSG_JSON_INCORRECT);
@@ -931,7 +944,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::subscribe(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::
            logger_->debug("[proxy:server] [subscribe {}] [client {}] [session {}]", infoHash, clientId, sessionId);

        // Insert new or return existing push listeners of a token
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockListener_);
+        std::lock_guard lock(lockListener_);
        auto& pushListener = pushListeners_[pushToken];
        auto& pushListeners = pushListener.listeners[infoHash];

@@ -945,25 +958,25 @@ DhtProxyServer::subscribe(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::
            listIt->clientId = clientId;
            listIt->sessionCtx = std::make_shared<PushSessionContext>(sessionId);
        } else {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(listIt->sessionCtx->lock);
+            std::lock_guard l(listIt->sessionCtx->lock);
            listIt->sessionCtx->sessionId = sessionId;
        }
        auto& listener = *listIt;

-        // Expiration
-        auto timeout = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + proxy::OP_TIMEOUT;
+        // Expiration (wall-clock: persisted as epoch time, survives restarts)
+        auto timeout = sys_clock::now() + proxy::OP_TIMEOUT;
        listener.expiration = timeout;
        listener.type = type;
        listener.topic = topic;
        if (listener.expireNotifyTimer)
            listener.expireNotifyTimer->expires_at(timeout - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
        else
-            listener.expireNotifyTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(io_context(), timeout - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
+            listener.expireNotifyTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(io_context(), timeout - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
        auto jsonProvider = [h = infoHash.toString(), clientId, sessionCtx = listener.sessionCtx]() {
            Json::Value json;
            json["timeout"] = h;
            json["to"] = clientId;
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(sessionCtx->lock);
+            std::lock_guard l(sessionCtx->lock);
            json["s"] = sessionCtx->sessionId;
            return json;
        };
@@ -975,7 +988,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::subscribe(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::
                                                         listener.type,
                                                         listener.topic));
        if (!listener.expireTimer)
-            listener.expireTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(io_context(), timeout);
+            listener.expireTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(io_context(), timeout);
        else
            listener.expireTimer->expires_at(timeout);
        listener.expireTimer->async_wait(std::bind(&DhtProxyServer::handleCancelPushListen,
@@ -1110,7 +1123,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::handleCancelPushListen(const asio::error_code& ec,
    }
    if (logger_)
        logger_->debug("[proxy:server] [listen:push {}] cancelled for {}", key, clientId);
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockListener_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(lockListener_);

    auto pushListener = pushListeners_.find(pushToken);
    if (pushListener == pushListeners_.end())
@@ -1151,19 +1164,24 @@ DhtProxyServer::handlePushListen(const InfoHash& infoHash,
    json["t"] = Json::Value::Int64(duration_cast<milliseconds>(system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count());

    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(sessionCtx->lock);
+        std::lock_guard l(sessionCtx->lock);
        json["s"] = sessionCtx->sessionId;
    }

    // Build a comma-separated list of ids from the values. This is intended to be used when
    // streaming from the iOS notification extension in order to filter out unwanted values.
    std::string ids;
+    std::string pushTypes;
    for (const auto& value : values) {
-        if (!ids.empty())
+        if (!ids.empty()) {
            ids += ",";
+            pushTypes += ",";
+        }
+        pushTypes += value->pushType;
        ids += std::to_string(value->id);
    }
    json["ids"] = ids;
+    json["pt"] = pushTypes;

    // If message is expired copy the value ID to the `exp` field.
    // This is presumably used by the Android notification system.
@@ -1200,14 +1218,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::sendPushNotification(
    try {
        std::shared_ptr<http::Request> request;
        if (type == PushType::UnifiedPush) {
-            http::Url tokenUrl(token);
-            request = std::make_shared<http::Request>(io_context(),
-                                                      concat(tokenUrl.protocol, "://"sv, tokenUrl.host),
-                                                      tokenUrl.service,
-                                                      tokenUrl.protocol.find("https") == 0,
-                                                      logger_);
-            request->set_target(tokenUrl.target);
-            request->set_header_field(restinio::http_field_t::host, std::string(tokenUrl.host));
+            request = std::make_shared<http::Request>(io_context(), token, logger_);
        } else {
            request = std::make_shared<http::Request>(io_context(),
                                                      pushHostPort_.first,
@@ -1226,8 +1237,8 @@ DhtProxyServer::sendPushNotification(
            Blob auth;   ///< Auth secret
            auto delim = topicView.find('|');
            if (delim != std::string_view::npos) {
-                pubKey = base64_decode(topicView.substr(0, delim));
-                auth = base64_decode(topicView.substr(delim + 1));
+                pubKey = base64_default_or_url_decode(topicView.substr(0, delim));
+                auth = base64_default_or_url_decode(topicView.substr(delim + 1));
            }

            request->set_header_field(restinio::http_field_t::ttl, "86400");
@@ -1302,12 +1313,12 @@ DhtProxyServer::sendPushNotification(
            if (state == http::Request::State::DONE) {
                if (logger_ and response.status_code != 200)
                    logger_->error("[proxy:server] [notification] push failed: {}", response.status_code);
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+                std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
                requests_.erase(reqid);
            }
        });
        {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+            std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
            requests_[reqid] = request;
        }
        request->send();
@@ -1330,7 +1341,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::sendPushNotification(
        if (logger_)
            logger_->error("[proxy:server] [notification] error send push: {}", e.what());
        if (reqid) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(requestLock_);
+            std::lock_guard l(requestLock_);
            requests_.erase(reqid);
        }
    }
@@ -1349,7 +1360,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::handleCancelPermamentPut(const asio::error_code& ec, const InfoH
    }
    if (logger_)
        logger_->debug("[proxy:server] [put {}] cancel permament put {}", key, vid);
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockSearchPuts_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(lockSearchPuts_);
    auto sPuts = puts_.find(key);
    if (sPuts == puts_.end())
        return;
@@ -1406,8 +1417,8 @@ DhtProxyServer::put(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::route_
                    sessionId = pVal["session_id"].asString();
                    topic = pVal["topic"].asString();
                }
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(lockSearchPuts_);
-                auto timeout = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + proxy::OP_TIMEOUT;
+                std::lock_guard lock(lockSearchPuts_);
+                auto timeout = sys_clock::now() + proxy::OP_TIMEOUT;
                auto& sPuts = puts_[infoHash];
                if (value->id == Value::INVALID_ID) {
                    for (auto& pp : sPuts.puts) {
@@ -1423,7 +1434,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::put(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::route_
                                if (not pp.second.sessionCtx)
                                    pp.second.sessionCtx = std::make_shared<PushSessionContext>(sessionId);
                                else {
-                                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(pp.second.sessionCtx->lock);
+                                    std::lock_guard l(pp.second.sessionCtx->lock);
                                    pp.second.sessionCtx->sessionId = sessionId;
                                }
                            }
@@ -1441,7 +1452,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::put(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::route_
                pput.expiration = timeout;
                if (not pput.expireTimer) {
                    // cancel permanent put
-                    pput.expireTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(io_context(), timeout);
+                    pput.expireTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(io_context(), timeout);
 #ifdef OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS
                    if (not pushToken.empty()) {
                        pput.pushToken = pushToken;
@@ -1458,7 +1469,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::put(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::route_
                        if (not pput.sessionCtx)
                            pput.sessionCtx = std::make_shared<PushSessionContext>(sessionId);
                        else {
-                            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(pput.sessionCtx->lock);
+                            std::lock_guard l(pput.sessionCtx->lock);
                            pput.sessionCtx->sessionId = sessionId;
                        }
                    }
@@ -1475,12 +1486,12 @@ DhtProxyServer::put(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::route_
                        json["timeout"] = infoHash.toString();
                        json["to"] = clientId;
                        json["vid"] = std::to_string(vid);
-                        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(sessionCtx->lock);
+                        std::lock_guard l(sessionCtx->lock);
                        json["s"] = sessionCtx->sessionId;
                        return json;
                    };
                    if (!pput.expireNotifyTimer)
-                        pput.expireNotifyTimer = std::make_unique<asio::steady_timer>(io_context(),
+                        pput.expireNotifyTimer = std::make_unique<asio::system_timer>(io_context(),
                                                                                      timeout - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
                    else
                        pput.expireNotifyTimer->expires_at(timeout - proxy::OP_MARGIN);
@@ -1509,7 +1520,7 @@ DhtProxyServer::put(restinio::request_handle_t request, restinio::router::route_
                        response.done();
                    }
                },
-                time_point::max(),
+                dht::time_point::max(),
                permanent);
            return restinio::request_handling_status_t::accepted;
        } else {
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ DhtRunner::run(const char* ip4, const char* ip6, const char* service, Config& co
 void
 DhtRunner::run(const Config& config, Context&& context)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    auto expected = State::Idle;
    if (not running.compare_exchange_strong(expected, State::Running)) {
        if (context.logger)
@@ -99,6 +99,11 @@ DhtRunner::run(const Config& config, Context&& context)
        auto state_path = config.dht_config.node_config.persist_path;
        if (not state_path.empty())
            state_path += "_port.txt";
+        // Ports loaded from the persisted state are a best-effort hint to keep a
+        // stable identity across restarts; remember which ones we set so that we
+        // can fall back to random ports if they are already in use (e.g. a fast
+        // restart while the previous instance still holds them).
+        bool triedSavedPort = false;
        if (not state_path.empty() && (local4.getPort() == 0 || local6.getPort() == 0)) {
            std::ifstream inConfig(state_path);
            if (inConfig.is_open()) {
@@ -110,6 +115,7 @@ DhtRunner::run(const Config& config, Context&& context)
                                              fmt::ptr(this),
                                              port);
                        local4.setPort(port);
+                        triedSavedPort = true;
                    }
                }
                if (inConfig >> port) {
@@ -119,6 +125,7 @@ DhtRunner::run(const Config& config, Context&& context)
                                              fmt::ptr(this),
                                              port);
                        local6.setPort(port);
+                        triedSavedPort = true;
                    }
                }
            }
@@ -136,12 +143,25 @@ DhtRunner::run(const Config& config, Context&& context)

        if (config.proxy_server.empty()) {
            if (not context.sock) {
-                context.sock.reset(new net::UdpSocket(local4, local6, context.logger));
+                try {
+                    context.sock.reset(new net::UdpSocket(local4, local6, context.logger));
+                } catch (const DhtException&) {
+                    if (not triedSavedPort)
+                        throw;
+                    // The saved ports are unavailable (typically still held by a
+                    // previous instance): fall back to OS-assigned ports.
+                    if (context.logger)
+                        context.logger->w("[runner %p] Saved ports unavailable, falling back to random ports",
+                                          fmt::ptr(this));
+                    local4.setPort(0);
+                    local6.setPort(0);
+                    context.sock.reset(new net::UdpSocket(local4, local6, context.logger));
+                }
            }
            context.sock->setOnReceive([&](net::PacketList&& pkts) {
                net::PacketList ret;
                {
-                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(sock_mtx);
+                    std::lock_guard lck(sock_mtx);
                    rcv.splice(rcv.end(), std::move(pkts));
                    size_t dropped = 0;
                    while (rcv.size() > net::RX_QUEUE_MAX_SIZE) {
@@ -186,9 +206,6 @@ DhtRunner::run(const Config& config, Context&& context)
    if (context.certificateStore) {
        dht_->setLocalCertificateStore(std::move(context.certificateStore));
    }
-    if (context.certificateStorePkId) {
-        dht_->setLocalCertificateStore(std::move(context.certificateStorePkId));
-    }
    if (context.publicAddressChangedCb) {
        dht_->setOnPublicAddressChanged(std::move(context.publicAddressChangedCb));
    }
@@ -197,19 +214,19 @@ DhtRunner::run(const Config& config, Context&& context)
        return;
    dht_thread = std::thread([this]() {
        while (running != State::Idle) {
-            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(dht_mtx);
+            std::unique_lock lk(dht_mtx);
            time_point wakeup = loop_();

            auto hasJobToDo = [this]() {
                if (running == State::Idle)
                    return true;
                {
-                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(sock_mtx);
+                    std::lock_guard lck(sock_mtx);
                    if (not rcv.empty())
                        return true;
                }
                {
-                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+                    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
                    if (not pending_ops_prio.empty())
                        return true;
                    auto s = getStatus();
@@ -284,7 +301,7 @@ DhtRunner::run(const Config& config, Context&& context)
 void
 DhtRunner::shutdown(ShutdownCallback cb, bool stop)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    auto expected = State::Running;
    if (not running.compare_exchange_strong(expected, State::Stopping)) {
        if (expected == State::Stopping and ongoing_ops) {
@@ -344,7 +361,7 @@ DhtRunner::checkShutdown()
 {
    decltype(shutdownCallbacks_) cbs;
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+        std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
        if (running != State::Stopping or ongoing_ops)
            return false;
        cbs = std::move(shutdownCallbacks_);
@@ -359,7 +376,7 @@ void
 DhtRunner::join()
 {
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+        std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
        if (running.exchange(State::Idle) == State::Idle)
            return;
        cv.notify_all();
@@ -378,7 +395,7 @@ DhtRunner::join()
        dht_thread.join();

    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+        std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
        if (ongoing_ops and logger_) {
            logger_->warn("[runner {:p}] stopping with {:d} remaining ops", fmt::ptr(this), ongoing_ops.load());
        }
@@ -388,7 +405,7 @@ DhtRunner::join()
        shutdownCallbacks_.clear();
    }
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+        std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
        resetDht();
        status4 = NodeStatus::Disconnected;
        status6 = NodeStatus::Disconnected;
@@ -398,7 +415,7 @@ DhtRunner::join()
 SockAddr
 DhtRunner::getBound(sa_family_t af) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (dht_)
        if (auto sock = dht_->getSocket())
            return sock->getBound(af);
@@ -408,7 +425,7 @@ DhtRunner::getBound(sa_family_t af) const
 in_port_t
 DhtRunner::getBoundPort(sa_family_t af) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (dht_)
        if (auto sock = dht_->getSocket())
            return sock->getPort(af);
@@ -418,7 +435,7 @@ DhtRunner::getBoundPort(sa_family_t af) const
 void
 DhtRunner::dumpTables() const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    dht_->dumpTables();
 }

@@ -443,7 +460,7 @@ DhtRunner::getNodeId() const
 std::pair<size_t, size_t>
 DhtRunner::getStoreSize() const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (!dht_)
        return {};
    return dht_->getStoreSize();
@@ -452,7 +469,7 @@ DhtRunner::getStoreSize() const
 void
 DhtRunner::setStorageLimit(size_t limit)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (!dht_)
        throw std::runtime_error("dht is not running");
    return dht_->setStorageLimit(limit);
@@ -461,7 +478,7 @@ DhtRunner::setStorageLimit(size_t limit)
 size_t
 DhtRunner::getStorageLimit() const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (!dht_)
        throw std::runtime_error("dht is not running");
    return dht_->getStorageLimit();
@@ -470,7 +487,7 @@ DhtRunner::getStorageLimit() const
 void
 DhtRunner::setLocalStorageLimit(size_t limit)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (!dht_)
        throw std::runtime_error("dht is not running");
    return dht_->setLocalStorageLimit(limit);
@@ -479,7 +496,7 @@ DhtRunner::setLocalStorageLimit(size_t limit)
 size_t
 DhtRunner::getLocalStorageLimit() const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (!dht_)
        throw std::runtime_error("dht is not running");
    return dht_->getLocalStorageLimit();
@@ -488,7 +505,7 @@ DhtRunner::getLocalStorageLimit() const
 std::vector<NodeExport>
 DhtRunner::exportNodes() const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (!dht_)
        return {};
    return dht_->exportNodes();
@@ -497,7 +514,7 @@ DhtRunner::exportNodes() const
 std::vector<ValuesExport>
 DhtRunner::exportValues() const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (!dht_)
        return {};
    return dht_->exportValues();
@@ -506,7 +523,7 @@ DhtRunner::exportValues() const
 void
 DhtRunner::setLogger(const Sp<Logger>& logger)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    logger_ = logger;
    if (dht_)
        dht_->setLogger(logger);
@@ -515,7 +532,7 @@ DhtRunner::setLogger(const Sp<Logger>& logger)
 void
 DhtRunner::setLogFilter(const InfoHash& f)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (dht_)
        dht_->setLogFilter(f);
 }
@@ -523,22 +540,28 @@ DhtRunner::setLogFilter(const InfoHash& f)
 void
 DhtRunner::registerType(const ValueType& type)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    dht_->registerType(type);
 }

 void
 DhtRunner::registerInsecureType(const ValueType& type)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    dht_->registerInsecureType(type);
 }

 void
 DhtRunner::importValues(const std::vector<ValuesExport>& values)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
-    dht_->importValues(values);
+    {
+        std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
+        dht_->importValues(values);
+    }
+    // Recompute the runner wakeup after import schedules value expirations.
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
+    pending_ops_prio.emplace([](SecureDht&) {});
+    cv.notify_all();
 }

 unsigned
@@ -548,7 +571,7 @@ DhtRunner::getNodesStats(sa_family_t af,
                         unsigned* cached_return,
                         unsigned* incoming_return) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    const auto stats = dht_->getNodesStats(af);
    if (good_return)
        *good_return = stats.good_nodes;
@@ -564,7 +587,7 @@ DhtRunner::getNodesStats(sa_family_t af,
 NodeStats
 DhtRunner::getNodesStats(sa_family_t af) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    return dht_->getNodesStats(af);
 }

@@ -572,7 +595,7 @@ NodeInfo
 DhtRunner::getNodeInfo() const
 {
    NodeInfo info {};
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (dht_)
        info = dht_->getNodeInfo();
    info.ongoing_ops = ongoing_ops;
@@ -582,7 +605,7 @@ DhtRunner::getNodeInfo() const
 void
 DhtRunner::getNodeInfo(std::function<void(std::shared_ptr<NodeInfo>)> cb)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    ongoing_ops++;
    pending_ops_prio.emplace([cb = std::move(cb), this](SecureDht& dht) {
        auto sinfo = std::make_shared<NodeInfo>();
@@ -597,44 +620,44 @@ DhtRunner::getNodeInfo(std::function<void(std::shared_ptr<NodeInfo>)> cb)
 std::vector<unsigned>
 DhtRunner::getNodeMessageStats(bool in) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    return dht_->getNodeMessageStats(in);
 }

 std::string
 DhtRunner::getStorageLog() const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    return dht_->getStorageLog();
 }
 std::string
 DhtRunner::getStorageLog(const InfoHash& f) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    return dht_->getStorageLog(f);
 }
 std::string
 DhtRunner::getRoutingTablesLog(sa_family_t af) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    return dht_->getRoutingTablesLog(af);
 }
 std::string
 DhtRunner::getSearchesLog(sa_family_t af) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    return dht_->getSearchesLog(af);
 }
 std::string
 DhtRunner::getSearchLog(const InfoHash& f, sa_family_t af) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    return dht_->getSearchLog(f, af);
 }
 std::vector<SockAddr>
 DhtRunner::getPublicAddress(sa_family_t af) const
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (dht_)
        return dht_->getPublicAddress(af);
    return {};
@@ -651,7 +674,7 @@ DhtRunner::getPublicAddressStr(sa_family_t af) const
 void
 DhtRunner::getPublicAddress(std::function<void(std::vector<SockAddr>&&)> cb, sa_family_t af)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    ongoing_ops++;
    pending_ops_prio.emplace([cb = std::move(cb), this, af](SecureDht& dht) {
        cb(dht.getPublicAddress(af));
@@ -663,22 +686,14 @@ DhtRunner::getPublicAddress(std::function<void(std::vector<SockAddr>&&)> cb, sa_
 void
 DhtRunner::registerCertificate(const std::shared_ptr<crypto::Certificate>& cert)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    dht_->registerCertificate(cert);
 }

-void
-DhtRunner::setLocalCertificateStore(CertificateStoreQueryLegacy&& query_method)
-{
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
-    if (dht_)
-        dht_->setLocalCertificateStore(std::forward<CertificateStoreQueryLegacy>(query_method));
-}
-
 void
 DhtRunner::setLocalCertificateStore(CertificateStoreQuery&& query_method)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (dht_)
        dht_->setLocalCertificateStore(std::forward<CertificateStoreQuery>(query_method));
 }
@@ -691,7 +706,7 @@ DhtRunner::loop_()

    decltype(pending_ops) ops {};
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+        std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
        auto s = getStatus();
        ops = (pending_ops_prio.empty()
               && (s == NodeStatus::Connected or s == NodeStatus::Disconnected or running == State::Stopping))
@@ -707,7 +722,7 @@ DhtRunner::loop_()
    decltype(rcv) received {};
    decltype(rcv) received_treated {};
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(sock_mtx);
+        std::lock_guard lck(sock_mtx);
        // move to stack
        received = std::move(rcv);
    }
@@ -742,7 +757,7 @@ DhtRunner::loop_()
    }

    if (not received_treated.empty()) {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(sock_mtx);
+        std::lock_guard lck(sock_mtx);
        if (rcv_free.size() < net::RX_QUEUE_MAX_SIZE)
            rcv_free.splice(rcv_free.end(), std::move(received_treated));
    }
@@ -766,7 +781,7 @@ DhtRunner::loop_()
 void
 DhtRunner::get(InfoHash hash, GetCallback vcb, DoneCallback dcb, Value::Filter f, Where w)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running) {
        lck.unlock();
        if (dcb)
@@ -788,7 +803,7 @@ DhtRunner::get(const std::string& key, GetCallback vcb, DoneCallbackSimple dcb,
 void
 DhtRunner::query(const InfoHash& hash, QueryCallback cb, DoneCallback done_cb, Query q)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running) {
        lck.unlock();
        if (done_cb)
@@ -806,7 +821,7 @@ std::future<size_t>
 DhtRunner::listen(InfoHash hash, ValueCallback vcb, Value::Filter f, Where w)
 {
    auto ret_token = std::make_shared<std::promise<size_t>>();
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running) {
        lck.unlock();
        ret_token->set_value(0);
@@ -828,7 +843,7 @@ DhtRunner::listen(const std::string& key, GetCallback vcb, Value::Filter f, Wher
 void
 DhtRunner::cancelListen(InfoHash h, size_t token)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running)
        return;
    ongoing_ops++;
@@ -842,7 +857,7 @@ DhtRunner::cancelListen(InfoHash h, size_t token)
 void
 DhtRunner::cancelListen(InfoHash h, std::shared_future<size_t> ftoken)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running)
        return;
    ongoing_ops++;
@@ -856,7 +871,7 @@ DhtRunner::cancelListen(InfoHash h, std::shared_future<size_t> ftoken)
 void
 DhtRunner::put(InfoHash hash, Value&& value, DoneCallback cb, time_point created, bool permanent)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running) {
        lck.unlock();
        if (cb)
@@ -873,7 +888,7 @@ DhtRunner::put(InfoHash hash, Value&& value, DoneCallback cb, time_point created
 void
 DhtRunner::put(InfoHash hash, std::shared_ptr<Value> value, DoneCallback cb, time_point created, bool permanent)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running) {
        lck.unlock();
        if (cb)
@@ -896,7 +911,7 @@ DhtRunner::put(const std::string& key, Value&& value, DoneCallbackSimple cb, tim
 void
 DhtRunner::cancelPut(const InfoHash& h, Value::Id id)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    pending_ops.emplace([=](SecureDht& dht) { dht.cancelPut(h, id); });
    cv.notify_all();
 }
@@ -904,7 +919,7 @@ DhtRunner::cancelPut(const InfoHash& h, Value::Id id)
 void
 DhtRunner::cancelPut(const InfoHash& h, const std::shared_ptr<Value>& value)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    pending_ops.emplace([=](SecureDht& dht) { dht.cancelPut(h, value->id); });
    cv.notify_all();
 }
@@ -912,7 +927,7 @@ DhtRunner::cancelPut(const InfoHash& h, const std::shared_ptr<Value>& value)
 void
 DhtRunner::putSigned(InfoHash hash, std::shared_ptr<Value> value, DoneCallback cb, bool permanent)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running) {
        lck.unlock();
        if (cb)
@@ -941,7 +956,7 @@ DhtRunner::putSigned(const std::string& key, Value&& value, DoneCallbackSimple c
 void
 DhtRunner::putEncrypted(InfoHash hash, const PkId& to, std::shared_ptr<Value> value, DoneCallback cb, bool permanent)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running) {
        lck.unlock();
        if (cb)
@@ -955,35 +970,6 @@ DhtRunner::putEncrypted(InfoHash hash, const PkId& to, std::shared_ptr<Value> va
    cv.notify_all();
 }

-void
-DhtRunner::putEncrypted(InfoHash hash, InfoHash to, std::shared_ptr<Value> value, DoneCallback cb, bool permanent)
-{
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
-    if (running != State::Running) {
-        lck.unlock();
-        if (cb)
-            cb(false, {});
-        return;
-    }
-    ongoing_ops++;
-    pending_ops.emplace([=, cb = std::move(cb), value = std::move(value)](SecureDht& dht) mutable {
-        dht.putEncrypted(hash, to, value, bindOpDoneCallback(std::move(cb)), permanent);
-    });
-    cv.notify_all();
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunner::putEncrypted(InfoHash hash, InfoHash to, Value&& value, DoneCallback cb, bool permanent)
-{
-    putEncrypted(hash, to, std::make_shared<Value>(std::move(value)), std::move(cb), permanent);
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunner::putEncrypted(const std::string& key, InfoHash to, Value&& value, DoneCallback cb, bool permanent)
-{
-    putEncrypted(InfoHash::get(key), to, std::forward<Value>(value), std::move(cb), permanent);
-}
-
 void
 DhtRunner::putEncrypted(InfoHash hash,
                        const std::shared_ptr<crypto::PublicKey>& to,
@@ -991,7 +977,7 @@ DhtRunner::putEncrypted(InfoHash hash,
                        DoneCallback cb,
                        bool permanent)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running) {
        lck.unlock();
        if (cb)
@@ -1015,7 +1001,7 @@ DhtRunner::putEncrypted(
 void
 DhtRunner::bootstrap(const std::string& host, const std::string& service)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    pending_ops_prio.emplace([host, service](SecureDht& dht) mutable { dht.addBootstrap(host, service); });
    cv.notify_all();
 }
@@ -1023,7 +1009,7 @@ DhtRunner::bootstrap(const std::string& host, const std::string& service)
 void
 DhtRunner::bootstrap(const std::string& hostService)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    auto [h, s] = splitPort(hostService);
    pending_ops_prio.emplace(
        [host = std::string(h), service = std::string(s)](SecureDht& dht) { dht.addBootstrap(host, service); });
@@ -1033,7 +1019,7 @@ DhtRunner::bootstrap(const std::string& hostService)
 void
 DhtRunner::clearBootstrap()
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    pending_ops_prio.emplace([](SecureDht& dht) mutable { dht.clearBootstrap(); });
    cv.notify_all();
 }
@@ -1045,7 +1031,7 @@ DhtRunner::bootstrap(std::vector<SockAddr> nodes, DoneCallbackSimple cb)
        cb(false);
        return;
    }
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    ongoing_ops++;
    pending_ops_prio.emplace([cb = bindOpDoneCallback(std::move(cb)), nodes = std::move(nodes)](SecureDht& dht) mutable {
        auto rem = cb ? std::make_shared<std::pair<size_t, bool>>(nodes.size(), false) : nullptr;
@@ -1068,7 +1054,7 @@ DhtRunner::bootstrap(std::vector<SockAddr> nodes, DoneCallbackSimple cb)
 void
 DhtRunner::bootstrap(SockAddr addr, DoneCallbackSimple cb)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running) {
        lck.unlock();
        if (cb)
@@ -1085,7 +1071,7 @@ DhtRunner::bootstrap(SockAddr addr, DoneCallbackSimple cb)
 void
 DhtRunner::bootstrap(const InfoHash& id, const SockAddr& address)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running)
        return;
    pending_ops_prio.emplace([id, address](SecureDht& dht) mutable { dht.insertNode(id, address); });
@@ -1095,7 +1081,7 @@ DhtRunner::bootstrap(const InfoHash& id, const SockAddr& address)
 void
 DhtRunner::bootstrap(std::vector<NodeExport> nodes)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running)
        return;
    pending_ops_prio.emplace([nodes = std::move(nodes)](SecureDht& dht) {
@@ -1108,7 +1094,7 @@ DhtRunner::bootstrap(std::vector<NodeExport> nodes)
 void
 DhtRunner::connectivityChanged()
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    pending_ops_prio.emplace([=](SecureDht& dht) {
        dht.connectivityChanged();
 #ifdef OPENDHT_PEER_DISCOVERY
@@ -1119,29 +1105,10 @@ DhtRunner::connectivityChanged()
    cv.notify_all();
 }

-void
-DhtRunner::findCertificate(InfoHash hash, std::function<void(const Sp<crypto::Certificate>&)> cb)
-{
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
-    if (running != State::Running) {
-        lck.unlock();
-        cb({});
-        return;
-    }
-    ongoing_ops++;
-    pending_ops.emplace([this, hash, cb = std::move(cb)](SecureDht& dht) {
-        dht.findCertificate(hash, [this, cb = std::move(cb)](const Sp<crypto::Certificate>& crt) {
-            cb(crt);
-            opEnded();
-        });
-    });
-    cv.notify_all();
-}
-
 void
 DhtRunner::findCertificate(PkId hash, std::function<void(const std::shared_ptr<crypto::Certificate>&)> cb)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lck(storage_mtx);
    if (running != State::Running) {
        lck.unlock();
        return;
@@ -1167,7 +1134,7 @@ void
 DhtRunner::setProxyServer(const std::string& proxy, const std::string& pushNodeId)
 {
 #ifdef OPENDHT_PROXY_CLIENT
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (config_.proxy_server == proxy and config_.push_node_id == pushNodeId)
        return;
    config_.proxy_server = proxy;
@@ -1194,8 +1161,8 @@ DhtRunner::enableProxy(bool proxify)
            config_.client_identity,
            [this] {
                if (config_.threaded) {
-                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
-                    pending_ops_prio.emplace([=](SecureDht&) mutable {});
+                    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
+                    pending_ops_prio.emplace([](SecureDht&) {});
                    cv.notify_all();
                }
            },
@@ -1207,11 +1174,8 @@ DhtRunner::enableProxy(bool proxify)
            config_.push_platform,
            logger_);
        dht_ = std::make_unique<SecureDht>(std::move(dht_via_proxy), config_.dht_config, identityAnnouncedCb_, logger_);
-        // and use it
-        use_proxy = proxify;
-    } else {
-        use_proxy = proxify;
    }
+    use_proxy = proxify;
 #else
    if (proxify)
        throw std::runtime_error("DHT proxy requested but OpenDHT built without proxy support.");
@@ -1221,7 +1185,7 @@ DhtRunner::enableProxy(bool proxify)
 void
 DhtRunner::forwardAllMessages(bool forward)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
    if (dht_)
        dht_->forwardAllMessages(forward);
 }
@@ -1232,7 +1196,7 @@ DhtRunner::forwardAllMessages(bool forward)
 void
 DhtRunner::setPushNotificationToken(const std::string& token)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
 #if defined(OPENDHT_PROXY_CLIENT) && defined(OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS)
    config_.push_token = token;
    if (dht_)
@@ -1245,7 +1209,7 @@ DhtRunner::setPushNotificationToken(const std::string& token)
 void
 DhtRunner::setPushNotificationTopic(const std::string& topic)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
 #if defined(OPENDHT_PROXY_CLIENT) && defined(OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS)
    config_.push_topic = topic;
    if (dht_)
@@ -1258,7 +1222,7 @@ DhtRunner::setPushNotificationTopic(const std::string& topic)
 void
 DhtRunner::setPushNotificationPlatform(const std::string& platform)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dht_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dht_mtx);
 #if defined(OPENDHT_PROXY_CLIENT) && defined(OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS)
    config_.push_platform = platform;
    if (dht_)
@@ -1274,7 +1238,7 @@ DhtRunner::pushNotificationReceived([[maybe_unused]] const std::map<std::string,
 #if defined(OPENDHT_PROXY_CLIENT) && defined(OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS)
    auto ret_token = std::make_shared<std::promise<PushNotificationResult>>();
    auto future = ret_token->get_future();
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(storage_mtx);
+    std::lock_guard lck(storage_mtx);
    pending_ops_prio.emplace([ret_token, this, data](SecureDht&) {
        if (dht_)
            ret_token->set_value(dht_->pushNotificationReceived(data));
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ constexpr std::string_view ORIGIN_PROTOCOL {"//"sv};
 constexpr const char HTTP_HEADER_DELIM[] = "\r\n\r\n";
 constexpr unsigned MAX_REDIRECTS {5};

-Url::Url(std::string_view url_str)
-    : url(url_str)
+Url::Url(std::string url_str)
+    : url(std::move(url_str))
 {
    std::string_view u = url;
    if (u.empty())
@@ -233,13 +233,34 @@ Connection::Connection(asio::io_context& ctx,

 Connection::~Connection()
 {
-    close();
+    // No asynchronous operation can be pending here: their handlers keep
+    // the connection alive (see wrapCallback), so closing synchronously
+    // is safe regardless of the calling thread.
+    doClose();
 }

 void
 Connection::close()
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    // asio sockets are not thread-safe. Closing from a thread other than the
+    // one running the io_context races with in-flight operations on the same
+    // socket (e.g. async_connect closing and reopening it to try the next
+    // endpoint), corrupting the reactor's descriptor state.
+    // Always perform the close on the io_context thread.
+    if (ctx_.get_executor().running_in_this_thread()) {
+        doClose();
+        return;
+    }
+    asio::post(ctx_, [w = weak_from_this()] {
+        if (auto sthis = w.lock())
+            sthis->doClose();
+    });
+}
+
+void
+Connection::doClose()
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    asio::error_code ec;
    if (ssl_socket_) {
        if (ssl_socket_->is_open())
@@ -302,13 +323,13 @@ static X509*
 issuer_from_chain(STACK_OF(X509) * fullchain)
 {
    X509 *cert, *issuer;
-    X509_NAME* issuer_name;
+    const X509_NAME* issuer_name;

    cert = cert_from_chain(fullchain);
    if ((issuer_name = X509_get_issuer_name(cert)) == nullptr)
        return nullptr;

-    issuer = X509_find_by_subject(fullchain, issuer_name);
+    issuer = X509_find_by_subject(fullchain, const_cast<X509_NAME*>(issuer_name));
    return issuer;
 }

@@ -490,7 +511,7 @@ ocspValidateResponse(const OscpRequestInfo& info,
 void
 Connection::set_ssl_verification(const std::string& hostname, const asio::ssl::verify_mode verify_mode)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (ssl_socket_) {
        // Set SNI Hostname (many hosts need this to handshake successfully)
        SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(ssl_socket_->asio_ssl_stream().native_handle(), hostname.c_str());
@@ -576,7 +597,7 @@ Connection::input()
 std::string
 Connection::read_bytes(size_t bytes)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (bytes == 0)
        bytes = read_buf_.in_avail();
    std::string content;
@@ -597,7 +618,7 @@ Connection::read_until(const char delim)
 void
 Connection::async_connect(std::vector<asio::ip::tcp::endpoint>&& endpoints, ConnectHandlerCb cb)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (!ssl_socket_ && !socket_) {
        cb(asio::error::operation_aborted, {});
        return;
@@ -629,14 +650,15 @@ Connection::async_connect(std::vector<asio::ip::tcp::endpoint>&& endpoints, Conn
 void
 Connection::async_handshake(HandlerCb cb)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (ssl_socket_) {
-        std::weak_ptr<Connection> wthis = shared_from_this();
+        // Keep the connection alive while the handshake is in flight, like
+        // every other asynchronous operation (see wrapCallback).
        ssl_socket_
-            ->async_handshake(asio::ssl::stream<asio::ip::tcp::socket>::client, [wthis, cb](const asio::error_code& ec) {
+            ->async_handshake(asio::ssl::stream<asio::ip::tcp::socket>::client, [sthis = shared_from_this(), cb](const asio::error_code& ec) {
                if (ec == asio::error::operation_aborted)
                    return;
-                if (auto sthis = wthis.lock()) {
+                {
                    auto& this_ = *sthis;
                    auto verify_ec = SSL_get_verify_result(this_.ssl_socket_->asio_ssl_stream().native_handle());
                    if (this_.logger_) {
@@ -663,7 +685,7 @@ Connection::async_handshake(HandlerCb cb)
 void
 Connection::async_write(BytesHandlerCb cb)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (!is_open()) {
        if (cb)
            asio::post(ctx_, [cb]() { cb(asio::error::broken_pipe, 0); });
@@ -680,7 +702,7 @@ Connection::async_write(BytesHandlerCb cb)
 void
 Connection::async_read_until(const char* delim, BytesHandlerCb cb)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (!is_open()) {
        if (cb)
            asio::post(ctx_, [cb]() { cb(asio::error::broken_pipe, 0); });
@@ -697,7 +719,7 @@ Connection::async_read_until(const char* delim, BytesHandlerCb cb)
 void
 Connection::async_read_until(char delim, BytesHandlerCb cb)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (!is_open()) {
        if (cb)
            asio::post(ctx_, [cb]() { cb(asio::error::broken_pipe, 0); });
@@ -714,7 +736,7 @@ Connection::async_read_until(char delim, BytesHandlerCb cb)
 void
 Connection::async_read(size_t bytes, BytesHandlerCb cb)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (!is_open()) {
        if (cb)
            asio::post(ctx_, [cb]() { cb(asio::error::broken_pipe, 0); });
@@ -731,7 +753,7 @@ Connection::async_read(size_t bytes, BytesHandlerCb cb)
 void
 Connection::async_read_some(size_t bytes, BytesHandlerCb cb)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (!is_open()) {
        if (cb)
            asio::post(ctx_, [cb]() { cb(asio::error::broken_pipe, 0); });
@@ -751,7 +773,7 @@ Connection::async_read_some(size_t bytes, BytesHandlerCb cb)
 void
 Connection::set_keepalive(uint32_t seconds)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (!ssl_socket_ && !socket_)
        return;

@@ -830,8 +852,8 @@ Connection::timeout(const std::chrono::seconds& timeout, HandlerCb cb)

 // Resolver

-Resolver::Resolver(asio::io_context& ctx, const std::string& url, std::shared_ptr<dht::Logger> logger)
-    : url_(url)
+Resolver::Resolver(asio::io_context& ctx, std::string url, std::shared_ptr<dht::Logger> logger)
+    : url_(std::move(url))
    , resolver_(ctx)
    , destroyed_(std::make_shared<bool>(false))
    , logger_(logger)
@@ -871,7 +893,7 @@ Resolver::~Resolver()
 {
    decltype(cbs_) cbs;
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+        std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
        cbs = std::move(cbs_);
    }
    while (not cbs.empty()) {
@@ -907,7 +929,7 @@ filter(const std::vector<asio::ip::tcp::endpoint>& epts, sa_family_t family)
 void
 Resolver::add_callback(ResolverCb cb, sa_family_t family)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (!completed_)
        cbs_.emplace(family == AF_UNSPEC ? std::move(cb)
                                         : [cb, family](const asio::error_code& ec,
@@ -917,8 +939,16 @@ Resolver::add_callback(ResolverCb cb, sa_family_t family)
                                               else
                                                   cb(ec, filter(endpoints, family));
                                           });
-    else
-        cb(ec_, family == AF_UNSPEC ? endpoints_ : filter(endpoints_, family));
+    else {
+        // Always dispatch the callback on the io_context thread. Invoking it
+        // synchronously would run the caller's continuation (e.g. the whole
+        // connect chain of Request::send) on the calling thread, mutating asio
+        // objects concurrently with the io thread running the io_context.
+        asio::post(resolver_.get_executor(),
+                   [cb = std::move(cb),
+                    ec = ec_,
+                    endpoints = family == AF_UNSPEC ? endpoints_ : filter(endpoints_, family)] { cb(ec, endpoints); });
+    }
 }

 void
@@ -946,7 +976,7 @@ Resolver::resolve(std::string_view host, std::string_view service)
                                }
                                decltype(cbs_) cbs;
                                {
-                                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+                                    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
                                    ec_ = ec;
                                    endpoints_ = std::vector<asio::ip::tcp::endpoint> {endpoints.begin(),
                                                                                       endpoints.end()};
@@ -967,14 +997,14 @@ Resolver::resolve(std::string_view host, std::string_view service)
 std::atomic_uint Request::ids_ {1};

 Request::Request(asio::io_context& ctx,
-                 const std::string& url,
+                 std::string url,
                 const Json::Value& json,
                 OnJsonCb jsoncb,
                 std::shared_ptr<dht::Logger> logger)
    : logger_(std::move(logger))
    , id_(Request::ids_++)
    , ctx_(ctx)
-    , resolver_(std::make_shared<Resolver>(ctx, url, logger))
+    , resolver_(std::make_shared<Resolver>(ctx, std::move(url), logger))
 {
    init_default_headers();
    set_header_field(restinio::http_field_t::content_type, std::string(HTTP_HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE_JSON));
@@ -997,11 +1027,11 @@ Request::Request(asio::io_context& ctx,
    });
 }

-Request::Request(asio::io_context& ctx, const std::string& url, OnJsonCb jsoncb, std::shared_ptr<dht::Logger> logger)
+Request::Request(asio::io_context& ctx, std::string url, OnJsonCb jsoncb, std::shared_ptr<dht::Logger> logger)
    : logger_(std::move(logger))
    , id_(Request::ids_++)
    , ctx_(ctx)
-    , resolver_(std::make_shared<Resolver>(ctx, url, logger))
+    , resolver_(std::make_shared<Resolver>(ctx, std::move(url), logger))
 {
    init_default_headers();
    set_header_field(restinio::http_field_t::accept, std::string(HTTP_HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE_JSON));
@@ -1022,20 +1052,20 @@ Request::Request(asio::io_context& ctx, const std::string& url, OnJsonCb jsoncb,
    });
 }

-Request::Request(asio::io_context& ctx, const std::string& url, std::shared_ptr<dht::Logger> logger)
+Request::Request(asio::io_context& ctx, std::string url, std::shared_ptr<dht::Logger> logger)
    : logger_(logger)
    , id_(Request::ids_++)
    , ctx_(ctx)
-    , resolver_(std::make_shared<Resolver>(ctx, url, logger))
+    , resolver_(std::make_shared<Resolver>(ctx, std::move(url), logger))
 {
    init_default_headers();
 }

-Request::Request(asio::io_context& ctx, const std::string& url, OnDoneCb onDone, std::shared_ptr<dht::Logger> logger)
+Request::Request(asio::io_context& ctx, std::string url, OnDoneCb onDone, std::shared_ptr<dht::Logger> logger)
    : logger_(logger)
    , id_(Request::ids_++)
    , ctx_(ctx)
-    , resolver_(std::make_shared<Resolver>(ctx, url, logger))
+    , resolver_(std::make_shared<Resolver>(ctx, std::move(url), logger))
 {
    init_default_headers();
    add_on_done_callback(std::move(onDone));
@@ -1086,7 +1116,6 @@ Request::Request(asio::io_context& ctx,
    , family_(family)
    , resolver_(resolver)
 {
-    set_header_field(restinio::http_field_t::host, concat(get_url().host, ":", get_url().service));
    set_target(Url(target).target);
 }

@@ -1390,7 +1419,7 @@ Request::connect(std::vector<asio::ip::tcp::endpoint>&& endpoints, HandlerCb cb)
                             if (not sthis)
                                 return;
                             auto& this_ = *sthis;
-                             std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(this_.mutex_);
+                             std::lock_guard lock(this_.mutex_);
                             if (ec == asio::error::operation_aborted) {
                                 this_.terminate(ec);
                                 return;
@@ -1443,7 +1472,7 @@ Request::send()
        [wthis](const asio::error_code& ec, std::vector<asio::ip::tcp::endpoint> endpoints) {
            if (auto sthis = wthis.lock()) {
                auto& this_ = *sthis;
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(this_.mutex_);
+                std::lock_guard lock(this_.mutex_);
                if (ec) {
                    if (this_.logger_)
                        this_.logger_->error("[http:request:{:d}] resolve error: {:s}", this_.id_, ec.message());
@@ -1518,7 +1547,7 @@ Request::terminate(const asio::error_code& ec)
 void
 Request::handle_request(const asio::error_code& ec)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (ec and ec != asio::error::eof) {
        terminate(ec);
        return;
@@ -1542,7 +1571,7 @@ Request::handle_request(const asio::error_code& ec)
 void
 Request::handle_response(const asio::error_code& ec, size_t /* n_bytes */)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
    if (ec && ec != asio::error::eof) {
        terminate(ec);
        return;
@@ -1660,11 +1689,11 @@ const Response&
 Request::await()
 {
    std::mutex mtx;
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
+    std::unique_lock lock(mtx);
    std::condition_variable cv;
    bool ok {false};
    add_on_done_callback([&](const Response&) {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(mtx);
+        std::lock_guard lk(mtx);
        ok = true;
        cv.notify_all();
    });
@@ -40,8 +40,44 @@ struct NetworkEngine::PartialMessage
    time_point start;
    time_point last_part;
    std::unique_ptr<ParsedMessage> msg;
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ParsedMessage>> early_parts;
+    size_t early_bytes {};
+    bool request_quota_consumed {};
 };

+bool
+NetworkEngine::isExpectedReply(const ParsedMessage& msg, const SockAddr& from)
+{
+    auto request = requests.find(msg.tid);
+    if (request != requests.end() && request->second->pending() && !request->second->node->id
+        && request->second->node->getAddr() == from)
+        return true;
+
+    auto node = cache.getNode(msg.id, from.getFamily());
+    if (!node || node->getAddr() != from)
+        return false;
+
+    auto pending = node->getRequest(msg.tid);
+    return (pending && pending->pending()) || node->getSocket(msg.tid);
+}
+
+bool
+NetworkEngine::tryCompleteMessage(PartialMessage& partial, const SockAddr& from)
+{
+    try {
+        if (!partial.msg->complete())
+            return false;
+        process(std::move(partial.msg), from);
+    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+        if (logger_)
+            logger_->warn("Error while processing partial message: {}", e.what());
+    } catch (...) {
+        if (logger_)
+            logger_->warn("Unknown error while processing partial message");
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 std::vector<Blob>
 serializeValues(const std::vector<Sp<Value>>& st)
 {
@@ -298,6 +334,7 @@ NetworkEngine::clear()
        request.second->node->setExpired();
    }
    requests.clear();
+    partial_messages.clear();
 }

 void
@@ -465,34 +502,58 @@ NetworkEngine::processMessage(const uint8_t* buf, size_t buflen, SockAddr f)

    // partial value data
    if (msg->type == MessageType::ValueData) {
-        auto pmsg_it = partial_messages.find(msg->tid);
-        if (pmsg_it == partial_messages.end()) {
-            if (logIncoming_)
-                if (logger_)
-                    logger_->debug("Unable to find partial message");
+        if (msg->fragment_parts.empty()
+            || std::any_of(msg->fragment_parts.begin(), msg->fragment_parts.end(), [](const auto& fragment) {
+                   return fragment.second.second.empty();
+               })) {
            rateLimit(from);
            return;
        }
-        if (!pmsg_it->second.from.equals(from)) {
-            if (logger_)
-                logger_->debug("Received partial message data from unexpected IP address");
-            rateLimit(from);
+        PartialMessageKey key {from, msg->tid};
+        auto pmsg_it = partial_messages.find(key);
+        if (pmsg_it == partial_messages.end()) {
+            if (!rateLimit(from))
+                return;
+            auto inserted = partial_messages.emplace(key, PartialMessage {});
+            pmsg_it = inserted.first;
+            pmsg_it->second.from = from;
+            pmsg_it->second.start = now;
+            pmsg_it->second.last_part = now;
+            pmsg_it->second.request_quota_consumed = true;
+            scheduler.add(now + RX_MAX_PACKET_TIME, std::bind(&NetworkEngine::maintainRxBuffer, this, key));
+        }
+        auto& pmsg = pmsg_it->second;
+        if (!pmsg.msg) {
+            if (pmsg.early_parts.size() >= RX_MAX_EARLY_PARTS) {
+                partial_messages.erase(pmsg_it);
+                return;
+            }
+            size_t fragment_bytes {};
+            for (const auto& [index, fragment] : msg->fragment_parts) {
+                (void) index;
+                if (fragment.second.size() > RX_MAX_EARLY_BYTES - fragment_bytes) {
+                    partial_messages.erase(pmsg_it);
+                    return;
+                }
+                fragment_bytes += fragment.second.size();
+            }
+            if (fragment_bytes > RX_MAX_EARLY_BYTES - pmsg.early_bytes) {
+                partial_messages.erase(pmsg_it);
+                return;
+            }
+            pmsg.early_bytes += fragment_bytes;
+            pmsg.early_parts.emplace_back(std::move(msg));
+            pmsg.last_part = now;
+            scheduler.add(now + RX_TIMEOUT, std::bind(&NetworkEngine::maintainRxBuffer, this, key));
            return;
        }
        // append data block
-        if (pmsg_it->second.msg->append(*msg)) {
-            pmsg_it->second.last_part = now;
-            // check data completion
-            if (pmsg_it->second.msg->complete()) {
-                try {
-                    // process the full message
-                    process(std::move(pmsg_it->second.msg), from);
-                    partial_messages.erase(pmsg_it);
-                } catch (...) {
-                    return;
-                }
+        if (pmsg.msg->append(*msg)) {
+            pmsg.last_part = now;
+            if (tryCompleteMessage(pmsg, from)) {
+                partial_messages.erase(pmsg_it);
            } else
-                scheduler.add(now + RX_TIMEOUT, std::bind(&NetworkEngine::maintainRxBuffer, this, msg->tid));
+                scheduler.add(now + RX_TIMEOUT, std::bind(&NetworkEngine::maintainRxBuffer, this, key));
        }
        return;
    }
@@ -503,7 +564,32 @@ NetworkEngine::processMessage(const uint8_t* buf, size_t buflen, SockAddr f)
        return;
    }

-    if (msg->type > MessageType::Reply) {
+    if (msg->value_parts.empty()) {
+        if (msg->type > MessageType::Reply) {
+            /* Rate limit requests. */
+            if (!rateLimit(from)) {
+                if (logger_)
+                    logger_->warn("Dropping request due to rate limiting");
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        try {
+            process(std::move(msg), from);
+        } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+            if (logger_)
+                logger_->warn("Error while processing message: {}", e.what());
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    PartialMessageKey partial_key {from, msg->tid};
+    if (msg->type == MessageType::Reply && !isExpectedReply(*msg, from))
+        return;
+
+    const auto partial = partial_messages.find(partial_key);
+    const bool request_quota_consumed = partial != partial_messages.end() && !partial->second.msg
+                                        && partial->second.request_quota_consumed;
+    if (msg->type > MessageType::Reply && !request_quota_consumed) {
        /* Rate limit requests. */
        if (!rateLimit(from)) {
            if (logger_)
@@ -512,26 +598,28 @@ NetworkEngine::processMessage(const uint8_t* buf, size_t buflen, SockAddr f)
        }
    }

-    if (msg->value_parts.empty()) {
-        try {
-            process(std::move(msg), from);
-        } catch (...) {
-            return;
-        }
-    } else {
-        // starting partial message session
-        auto k = msg->tid;
-        auto& pmsg = partial_messages[k];
-        if (not pmsg.msg) {
+    // starting partial message session
+    auto inserted = partial_messages.emplace(partial_key, PartialMessage {});
+    auto& pmsg = inserted.first->second;
+    if (not pmsg.msg) {
+        if (inserted.second) {
            pmsg.from = from;
-            pmsg.msg = std::move(msg);
            pmsg.start = now;
-            pmsg.last_part = now;
-            scheduler.add(now + RX_MAX_PACKET_TIME, std::bind(&NetworkEngine::maintainRxBuffer, this, k));
-            scheduler.add(now + RX_TIMEOUT, std::bind(&NetworkEngine::maintainRxBuffer, this, k));
-        } else if (logger_)
-            logger_->error("Partial message with given TID {} already exists", k);
-    }
+            scheduler.add(now + RX_MAX_PACKET_TIME, std::bind(&NetworkEngine::maintainRxBuffer, this, partial_key));
+        }
+        pmsg.msg = std::move(msg);
+        pmsg.last_part = now;
+        for (const auto& part : pmsg.early_parts)
+            pmsg.msg->append(*part);
+        pmsg.early_parts.clear();
+        pmsg.early_bytes = 0;
+        if (tryCompleteMessage(pmsg, from)) {
+            partial_messages.erase(inserted.first);
+        } else {
+            scheduler.add(now + RX_TIMEOUT, std::bind(&NetworkEngine::maintainRxBuffer, this, partial_key));
+        }
+    } else if (logger_)
+        logger_->error("Partial message from {} with given TID {} already exists", from.toString(), msg->tid);
 }

 void
@@ -699,7 +787,7 @@ NetworkEngine::process(std::unique_ptr<ParsedMessage>&& msg, const SockAddr& fro
                RequestAnswer answer
                    = onListen(node, msg->info_hash, msg->token, msg->socket_id, std::move(msg->query), msg->version);
                auto nnodes = bufferNodes(from.getFamily(), msg->info_hash, msg->want, answer.nodes4, answer.nodes6);
-                sendListenConfirmation(from, msg->tid);
+                sendListenConfirmation(from, msg->tid, answer.ntoken);
                break;
            }
            case MessageType::UpdateValue: {
@@ -1278,17 +1366,21 @@ NetworkEngine::sendListen(const Sp<Node>& n,
 }

 void
-NetworkEngine::sendListenConfirmation(const SockAddr& addr, Tid tid)
+NetworkEngine::sendListenConfirmation(const SockAddr& addr, Tid tid, const Blob& token)
 {
    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
    pk.pack_map(4 + (config.network ? 1 : 0) + (config.is_client ? 1 : 0));

    pk.pack(KEY_R);
-    pk.pack_map(2);
+    pk.pack_map(2 + (not token.empty() ? 1 : 0));
    pk.pack(KEY_REQ_ID);
    pk.pack(myid);
    insertAddr(pk, addr);
+    if (not token.empty()) {
+        pk.pack(KEY_REQ_TOKEN);
+        packToken(pk, token);
+    }

    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
    pk.pack(tid);
@@ -1606,9 +1698,9 @@ NetworkEngine::sendError(const SockAddr& addr, Tid tid, uint16_t code, const std
 }

 void
-NetworkEngine::maintainRxBuffer(Tid tid)
+NetworkEngine::maintainRxBuffer(const PartialMessageKey& key)
 {
-    auto msg = partial_messages.find(tid);
+    auto msg = partial_messages.find(key);
    if (msg != partial_messages.end()) {
        const auto& now = scheduler.time();
        if (msg->second.start + RX_MAX_PACKET_TIME < now || msg->second.last_part + RX_TIMEOUT < now) {
@@ -107,14 +107,14 @@ UdpSocket::UdpSocket(in_port_t port, const std::shared_ptr<Logger>& l)
    SockAddr bind6;
    bind6.setFamily(AF_INET6);
    bind6.setPort(port);
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(lock);
+    std::lock_guard lk(lock);
    openSockets(bind4, bind6);
 }

 UdpSocket::UdpSocket(const SockAddr& bind4, const SockAddr& bind6, const std::shared_ptr<Logger>& l)
    : logger(l)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(lock);
+    std::lock_guard lk(lock);
    openSockets(bind4, bind6);
 }

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ UdpSocket::sendTo(const SockAddr& dest, const uint8_t* data, size_t size, [[mayb
        if (logger)
            logger->d("Can't send message to %s: %s", dest.toString().c_str(), strerror(err));
        if (err == EPIPE || err == ENOTCONN || err == ECONNRESET) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(lock);
+            std::lock_guard lk(lock);
            auto bind4 = std::move(bound4), bind6 = std::move(bound6);
            openSockets(bind4, bind6);
            return sendTo(dest, data, size, false);
@@ -286,13 +286,13 @@ UdpSocket::openSockets(const SockAddr& bind4, const SockAddr& bind6)
                        pkt.received = clock::now();
                        onReceived(std::move(pkts));
                    } else if (rc == -1) {
-                        if (logger)
-                            logger->e("Error receiving packet: %s", strerror(errno));
                        int err = errno;
+                        if (logger)
+                            logger->e("Error receiving packet: %s", strerror(err));
                        if (err == EPIPE || err == ENOTCONN || err == ECONNRESET) {
                            if (not running)
                                break;
-                            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(lock, std::try_to_lock);
+                            std::unique_lock lk(lock, std::try_to_lock);
                            if (lk.owns_lock()) {
                                if (not running)
                                    break;
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ UdpSocket::openSockets(const SockAddr& bind4, const SockAddr& bind6)
            close(stop_readfd);
        if (stopfd != -1)
            close(stopfd);
-        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(lock, std::try_to_lock);
+        std::unique_lock lk(lock, std::try_to_lock);
        if (lk.owns_lock()) {
            s4 = -1;
            s6 = -1;
@@ -12,18 +12,20 @@ OpValueCache::onValuesAdded(const std::vector<Sp<Value>>& vals, const system_clo
    std::vector<Sp<Value>> newValues;
    for (const auto& v : vals) {
        auto viop = values.emplace(v->id, v);
+        auto& stored = viop.first->second;
        if (viop.second) {
            newValues.emplace_back(v);
-        } else if (*viop.first->second.data != *v) {
-            // Special case for edition
-            if (v->seq > viop.first->second.data->seq) {
-                viop.first->second.data = v;
-                newValues.emplace_back(v);
-            }
-        } else {
-            viop.first->second.refCount++;
+        } else if (*stored.data != *v) {
+            if (v->seq <= stored.data->seq)
+                continue; // older version from a lagging source
+            // Edited: only the reporting source is known to hold this version
+            stored.data = v;
+            stored.refCount = 1;
+            newValues.emplace_back(v);
+        } else if (countSources) {
+            stored.refCount++;
        }
-        viop.first->second.updated = t;
+        stored.updated = t;
    }
    return newValues.empty() ? true : callback(newValues, false);
 }
@@ -37,6 +39,8 @@ OpValueCache::onValuesExpired(const std::vector<Sp<Value>>& vals, const system_c
        if (vit != values.end()) {
            if (vit->second.updated > t)
                continue;
+            if (v->seq < vit->second.data->seq)
+                continue; // source held an older version, not counted

            vit->second.updated = t;
            vit->second.refCount--;
@@ -174,7 +178,7 @@ SearchCache::listen(const ValueCallback& get_cb, const Sp<Query>& q, Value::Filt
    auto op = getOp(q);
    if (op == ops.end()) {
        // New query
-        op = ops.emplace(q, std::make_unique<OpCache>()).first;
+        op = ops.emplace(q, std::make_unique<OpCache>(countSources_)).first;
        auto& cache = *op->second;
        cache.searchToken = onListen(
            q,
@@ -210,6 +214,13 @@ SearchCache::cancelAll(const std::function<void(size_t)>& onCancel)
    ops.clear();
 }

+void
+SearchCache::clear()
+{
+    ops.clear();
+    nextExpiration_ = time_point::max();
+}
+
 time_point
 SearchCache::expire(const time_point& now, const std::function<void(size_t)>& onCancel)
 {
@@ -217,7 +228,7 @@ SearchCache::expire(const time_point& now, const std::function<void(size_t)>& on
    auto ret = nextExpiration_;
    for (auto it = ops.begin(); it != ops.end();) {
        auto expiration = it->second->getExpiration();
-        if (expiration < now) {
+        if (expiration <= now) {
            auto cache = std::move(it->second);
            it = ops.erase(it);
            onCancel(cache->searchToken);
@@ -233,15 +244,17 @@ SearchCache::expire(const time_point& now, const std::function<void(size_t)>& on
 bool
 SearchCache::get(const Value::Filter& f, const Sp<Query>& q, const GetCallback& gcb, const DoneCallback& dcb) const
 {
+    if (not gcb)
+        return false;
    auto op = getOp(q);
-    if (op != ops.end()) {
-        auto vals = op->second->get(f);
-        if ((not vals.empty() and not gcb(vals)) or op->second->isSynced()) {
-            dcb(true, {});
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-    return false;
+    if (op == ops.end() or not op->second->isSynced())
+        return false;
+    auto vals = op->second->get(f);
+    if (not vals.empty())
+        gcb(vals); // a consumer stopping early is not a failure
+    if (dcb)
+        dcb(true, {});
+    return true;
 }

 std::vector<Sp<Value>>
@@ -21,19 +21,29 @@ struct OpCacheValueStorage
 class OpValueCache
 {
 public:
-    OpValueCache(ValueCallback&& cb) noexcept
+    /**
+     * @param countSources  When true, a value is kept until every source
+     *                      that reported it has expired it (per-node caches,
+     *                      IPv4/IPv6 searches, local storage). When false,
+     *                      re-deliveries of the same value are not counted
+     *                      and a single expiration removes it (single
+     *                      logical source, e.g. a proxy server).
+     */
+    OpValueCache(ValueCallback&& cb, bool countSources = true) noexcept
        : callback(std::forward<ValueCallback>(cb))
+        , countSources(countSources)
    {}
    explicit OpValueCache(OpValueCache&& o) noexcept
        : values(std::move(o.values))
        , callback(std::move(o.callback))
+        , countSources(o.countSources)
    {
        o.callback = {};
    }

-    static ValueCallback cacheCallback(ValueCallback&& cb, std::function<void()>&& onCancel)
+    static ValueCallback cacheCallback(ValueCallback&& cb, std::function<void()>&& onCancel, bool countSources = true)
    {
-        return [cache = std::make_shared<OpValueCache>(std::forward<ValueCallback>(cb)),
+        return [cache = std::make_shared<OpValueCache>(std::forward<ValueCallback>(cb), countSources),
                onCancel = std::move(onCancel)](const std::vector<Sp<Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
            auto ret = cache->onValue(vals, expired);
            if (not ret)
@@ -89,19 +99,22 @@ private:
    size_t syncedNodes {0};
    std::map<Value::Id, OpCacheValueStorage> values {};
    ValueCallback callback;
+    bool countSources {true};
 };

 class OpCache
 {
 public:
-    OpCache()
-        : cache([this](const std::vector<Sp<Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
-            if (expired)
-                onValuesExpired(vals);
-            else
-                onValuesAdded(vals);
-            return true;
-        })
+    explicit OpCache(bool countSources = true)
+        : cache(
+              [this](const std::vector<Sp<Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+                  if (expired)
+                      onValuesExpired(vals);
+                  else
+                      onValuesAdded(vals);
+                  return true;
+              },
+              countSources)
    {}

    bool onValue(const std::vector<Sp<Value>>& vals, bool expired) { return cache.onValue(vals, expired); }
@@ -156,7 +169,9 @@ private:
 class SearchCache
 {
 public:
-    SearchCache() {}
+    explicit SearchCache(bool countSources = true)
+        : countSources_(countSources)
+    {}
    SearchCache(SearchCache&&) = default;

    using OnListen = std::function<size_t(Sp<Query>, ValueCallback, SyncCallback)>;
@@ -164,6 +179,7 @@ public:

    bool cancelListen(size_t gtoken, const time_point& now);
    void cancelAll(const std::function<void(size_t)>& onCancel);
+    void clear();

    time_point expire(const time_point& now, const std::function<void(size_t)>& onCancel);
    time_point getExpiration() const { return nextExpiration_; }
@@ -191,6 +207,7 @@ private:

    size_t nextToken_ {1};
    time_point nextExpiration_ {time_point::max()};
+    bool countSources_ {true};
 };

 } // namespace dht
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "sockaddr.h"
 #include "net.h"

+#include <algorithm>
 #include <map>
 #include <string_view>

@@ -58,8 +59,12 @@ unpackTid(const msgpack::object& o)
    switch (o.type) {
    case msgpack::type::POSITIVE_INTEGER:
        return o.as<Tid>();
-    default:
-        return ntohl(*reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(o.as<std::array<char, 4>>().data()));
+    default: {
+        auto arr = o.as<std::array<char, 4>>();
+        uint32_t val;
+        std::memcpy(&val, arr.data(), sizeof(val));
+        return ntohl(val);
+    }
    }
 }

@@ -95,9 +100,25 @@ struct ParsedMessage
    std::vector<Value::Id> expired_values {};
    /* index for fields values */
    std::vector<Sp<FieldValueIndex>> fields;
-    /** When part of the message header: {index -> (total size, {})}
-     *  When part of partial value data: {index -> (offset, part_data)} */
-    std::map<unsigned, std::pair<unsigned, Blob>> value_parts;
+    /** Tracks partial value reassembly for fragmented messages.
+     *  Populated from message header with total expected sizes. */
+    struct PartialValue
+    {
+        size_t total_size {0};
+        size_t received_bytes {0};
+        std::map<size_t, Blob> fragments {}; // offset -> fragment data
+        bool isComplete() const { return total_size > 0 && received_bytes == total_size; }
+        Blob reassemble() const
+        {
+            Blob result(total_size);
+            for (const auto& [offset, data] : fragments)
+                std::copy(data.begin(), data.end(), result.begin() + offset);
+            return result;
+        }
+    };
+    std::map<unsigned, PartialValue> value_parts;
+    /** When part of partial value data: {index -> (offset, part_data)} */
+    std::map<unsigned, std::pair<size_t, Blob>> fragment_parts;
    /* query describing a filter to apply on values. */
    Query query;
    /* states if ipv4 or ipv6 request */
@@ -118,17 +139,32 @@ bool
 ParsedMessage::append(const ParsedMessage& block)
 {
    bool ret(false);
-    for (const auto& ve : block.value_parts) {
-        auto part_val = value_parts.find(ve.first);
-        if (part_val == value_parts.end() || part_val->second.second.size() >= part_val->second.first)
+    for (const auto& [index, fragment] : block.fragment_parts) {
+        auto part_it = value_parts.find(index);
+        if (part_it == value_parts.end())
            continue;
-        // TODO: handle out-of-order packets
-        if (ve.second.first != part_val->second.second.size()) {
-            // std::cout << "skipping out-of-order packet" << std::endl;
+        auto& pv = part_it->second;
+        if (pv.isComplete())
            continue;
+        auto offset = fragment.first;
+        const auto& data = fragment.second;
+        if (data.empty() || offset > pv.total_size || data.size() > pv.total_size - offset)
+            continue;
+        // Check for overlap with existing fragments
+        auto it = pv.fragments.lower_bound(offset);
+        if (it != pv.fragments.end()) {
+            auto distance = it->first - offset;
+            if (distance < data.size())
+                continue;
        }
+        if (it != pv.fragments.begin()) {
+            auto prev = std::prev(it);
+            if (prev->second.size() > offset - prev->first)
+                continue;
+        }
+        pv.fragments.emplace(offset, data);
+        pv.received_bytes += data.size();
        ret = true;
-        part_val->second.second.insert(part_val->second.second.end(), ve.second.second.begin(), ve.second.second.end());
    }
    return ret;
 }
@@ -136,16 +172,14 @@ ParsedMessage::append(const ParsedMessage& block)
 bool
 ParsedMessage::complete()
 {
-    for (auto& e : value_parts) {
-        if (e.second.first > e.second.second.size()) {
-            // std::cout << "uncomplete part " << e.first << ": " << e.second.second.size() << "/" << e.second.first <<
-            // std::endl;
+    for (const auto& [index, pv] : value_parts) {
+        if (!pv.isComplete())
            return false;
-        }
    }
-    for (auto& e : value_parts) {
+    for (auto& [index, pv] : value_parts) {
+        auto assembled = pv.reassemble();
        msgpack::unpacked msg;
-        msgpack::unpack(msg, (const char*) e.second.second.data(), e.second.second.size());
+        msgpack::unpack(msg, (const char*) assembled.data(), assembled.size());
        values.emplace_back(std::make_shared<Value>(msg.get()));
    }
    return true;
@@ -233,21 +267,28 @@ ParsedMessage::msgpack_unpack(const msgpack::object& msg)
            auto d = findMapValue(vdat.val, "d"sv);
            if (not o or not d)
                continue;
-            value_parts.emplace(vdat.key.as<unsigned>(), std::pair<size_t, Blob>(o->as<size_t>(), unpackBlob(*d)));
+            fragment_parts.emplace(vdat.key.as<unsigned>(), std::pair<size_t, Blob>(o->as<size_t>(), unpackBlob(*d)));
        }
        return;
    }

    if (!parsed.a && !parsed.r && !parsed.e && !parsed.u)
        throw msgpack::type_error();
-    auto& req = parsed.a ? *parsed.a : (parsed.r ? *parsed.r : (parsed.u ? *parsed.u : *parsed.e));

    if (parsed.e) {
-        if (parsed.e->type != msgpack::type::ARRAY)
+        if (parsed.e->type != msgpack::type::ARRAY or parsed.e->via.array.size < 1)
            throw msgpack::type_error();
        error_code = parsed.e->via.array.ptr[0].as<uint16_t>();
    }

+    /* An error-only message carries no request map. The error array must never
+       be reached through the map view of the msgpack object union, and a
+       request field that is not a map must be rejected rather than
+       reinterpreted. */
+    const msgpack::object* req = parsed.a ? parsed.a : (parsed.r ? parsed.r : parsed.u);
+    if (req and req->type != msgpack::type::MAP)
+        throw msgpack::type_error();
+
    struct ParsedReq
    {
        msgpack::object* values;
@@ -256,8 +297,9 @@ ParsedMessage::msgpack_unpack(const msgpack::object& msg)
        msgpack::object* want;
    } parsedReq {};

-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < req.via.map.size; i++) {
-        auto& o = req.via.map.ptr[i];
+    const uint32_t req_size = req ? req->via.map.size : 0;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < req_size; i++) {
+        auto& o = req->via.map.ptr[i];
        if (o.key.type != msgpack::type::STR)
            continue;
        auto key = o.key.as<std::string_view>();
@@ -324,7 +366,7 @@ ParsedMessage::msgpack_unpack(const msgpack::object& msg)
                // Skip oversize values with a small margin for header overhead
                if (packed_v.via.u64 > MAX_VALUE_SIZE + 32)
                    continue;
-                value_parts.emplace(i, std::make_pair(packed_v.via.u64, Blob {}));
+                value_parts[i].total_size = packed_v.via.u64;
            } else {
                try {
                    values.emplace_back(std::make_shared<Value>(parsedReq.values->via.array.ptr[i]));
@@ -336,6 +378,8 @@ ParsedMessage::msgpack_unpack(const msgpack::object& msg)
    } else if (parsedReq.fields) {
        if (auto rfields = findMapValue(*parsedReq.fields, "f"sv)) {
            auto vfields = rfields->as<std::set<Value::Field>>();
+            if (vfields.empty())
+                throw msgpack::type_error();
            if (auto rvalues = findMapValue(*parsedReq.fields, "v"sv)) {
                if (rvalues->type != msgpack::type::ARRAY)
                    throw msgpack::type_error();
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::~DomainPeerDiscovery()
 void
 PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::startDiscovery(std::string_view type, ServiceDiscoveredCallback callback)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dmtx_);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dmtx_);
    callbackmap_[std::string(type)] = callback;
    if (not drunning_) {
        drunning_ = true;
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::startDiscovery(std::string_view type, Servic
 void
 PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::loopListener()
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dmtx_);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dmtx_);
    if (not drunning_)
        return;
    sockFd_.async_receive_from(asio::buffer(receiveBuf_),
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::loopListener()
                                                   continue;
                                               ServiceDiscoveredCallback cb;
                                               {
-                                                   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dmtx_);
+                                                   std::lock_guard lck(dmtx_);
                                                   if (drunning_) {
                                                       auto callback = callbackmap_.find(o.key.as<std::string_view>());
                                                       if (callback != callbackmap_.end())
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::loopListener()
 void
 PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::query(const asio::ip::udp::endpoint& peer)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dmtx_);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dmtx_);
    if (not drunning_)
        return;

@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::query(const asio::ip::udp::endpoint& peer)
 void
 PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::publish(const asio::ip::udp::endpoint& peer)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(mtx_);
+    std::lock_guard lck(mtx_);
    if (not lrunning_)
        return;

@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::startPublish(std::string_view type, const ms
    msgpack::sbuffer pack_buf_c(pack_buf.size());
    pack_buf_c.write(pack_buf.data(), pack_buf.size());

-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(mtx_);
+    std::lock_guard lck(mtx_);
    messages_[std::string(type)] = std::move(pack_buf_c);
    reloadMessages();
    lrunning_ = true;
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::startPublish(std::string_view type, const ms
 bool
 PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::stopDiscovery(std::string_view type)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dmtx_);
+    std::lock_guard lck(dmtx_);
    auto it = callbackmap_.find(type);
    if (it != callbackmap_.end()) {
        callbackmap_.erase(it);
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::stopDiscovery(std::string_view type)
 bool
 PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::stopPublish(std::string_view type)
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(mtx_);
+    std::lock_guard lck(mtx_);
    auto it = messages_.find(type);
    if (it != messages_.end()) {
        messages_.erase(it);
@@ -282,11 +282,11 @@ void
 PeerDiscovery::DomainPeerDiscovery::stop()
 {
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(dmtx_);
+        std::lock_guard lck(dmtx_);
        stopDiscovery();
    }
    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(mtx_);
+        std::lock_guard lck(mtx_);
        stopPublish();
    }
 }
@@ -133,6 +133,16 @@ struct Dht::SearchNode
        return last_get_reply + Node::NODE_EXPIRE_TIME;
    }

+    /**
+     * Update the token without refreshing last_get_reply,
+     * so that periodic find_node/get requests still occur.
+     */
+    void refreshToken(const Blob& tok)
+    {
+        if (not tok.empty() and tok.size() <= 64)
+            token = tok;
+    }
+
    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const SearchNode& node)
    {
        s << "getStatus:" << node.getStatus.size() << " listenStatus:" << node.listenStatus.size()
@@ -836,6 +846,7 @@ struct Dht::Search
        listeners.clear();
        nodes.clear();
        nextSearchStep.reset();
+        cache.clear();
    }
 };

@@ -40,26 +40,12 @@ SecureDht::SecureDht(std::unique_ptr<DhtInterface> dht,
    registerInsecureType(CERTIFICATE_TYPE);

    if (certificate_) {
-        auto certId = certificate_->getId();
        auto certLongId = certificate_->getLongId();
-        if (key_ and (certId != key_->getPublicKey().getId() or certLongId != key_->getPublicKey().getLongId()))
+        if (key_ and (certLongId != key_->getPublicKey().getLongId()))
            throw DhtException("SecureDht: provided certificate doesn't match private key.");

-        auto cb = iacb ? [
-            this,
-            completedState = std::make_shared<std::pair<unsigned,bool>>(2, true),
-            iacb = std::move(iacb)
-        ](bool ok) {
-            if (logger_)
-                logger_->debug("SecureDht: certificate announcement {}", ok ? "succeeded" : "failed");
-            completedState->second = completedState->second and ok;
-            if (--completedState->first == 0)
-                iacb(completedState->second);
-        } : iacb;
-
-        dht_->addOnConnectedCallback([this, certId, certLongId, cb = std::move(cb)] {
-            dht_->put(certId, Value {CERTIFICATE_TYPE, *certificate_, 1}, cb, {}, true);
-            dht_->put(InfoHash::get(certLongId), Value {CERTIFICATE_TYPE, *certificate_, 1}, cb, {}, true);
+        dht_->addOnConnectedCallback([this, certLongId, cb = std::move(iacb)]() mutable {
+            dht_->put(InfoHash::get(certLongId), Value {CERTIFICATE_TYPE, *certificate_, 1}, std::move(cb), {}, true);
        });
    }
 }
@@ -110,37 +96,13 @@ SecureDht::secureType(ValueType&& type)
    return type;
 }

-Sp<crypto::Certificate>
-SecureDht::getCertificate(const InfoHash& node) const
-{
-    if (node == getId())
-        return certificate_;
-    auto it = nodesCertificates_.find(node);
-    if (it == nodesCertificates_.end())
-        return nullptr;
-    else
-        return it->second;
-}
-
-Sp<crypto::PublicKey>
-SecureDht::getPublicKey(const InfoHash& node) const
-{
-    if (node == getId())
-        return certificate_->getSharedPublicKey();
-    auto it = nodesPubKeys_.find(node);
-    if (it == nodesPubKeys_.end())
-        return nullptr;
-    else
-        return it->second;
-}
-
 Sp<crypto::Certificate>
 SecureDht::getCertificate(const PkId& node) const
 {
    if (node == getLongId())
        return certificate_;
-    auto it = nodesCertificatesLong_.find(node);
-    if (it == nodesCertificatesLong_.end())
+    auto it = nodesCertificates_.find(node);
+    if (it == nodesCertificates_.end())
        return nullptr;
    else
        return it->second;
@@ -151,8 +113,8 @@ SecureDht::getPublicKey(const PkId& node) const
 {
    if (node == getLongId())
        return certificate_->getSharedPublicKey();
-    auto it = nodesPubKeysLong_.find(node);
-    if (it == nodesPubKeysLong_.end())
+    auto it = nodesPubKeys_.find(node);
+    if (it == nodesPubKeys_.end())
        return nullptr;
    else
        return it->second;
@@ -205,85 +167,10 @@ void
 SecureDht::registerCertificate(const Sp<crypto::Certificate>& cert)
 {
    if (cert) {
-        nodesCertificates_[cert->getId()] = cert;
-        nodesCertificatesLong_[cert->getLongId()] = cert;
+        nodesCertificates_[cert->getLongId()] = cert;
    }
 }

-void
-SecureDht::findCertificate(const InfoHash& node, const std::function<void(const Sp<crypto::Certificate>)>& cb)
-{
-    Sp<crypto::Certificate> b = getCertificate(node);
-    if (b && *b) {
-        if (logger_)
-            logger_->debug("Using certificate from cache for {}", node.toString());
-        if (cb)
-            cb(b);
-        return;
-    }
-    if (localQueryMethodLegacy_) {
-        auto res = localQueryMethodLegacy_(node);
-        if (not res.empty()) {
-            if (logger_)
-                logger_->debug("Registering certificate from local store for {}", node.toString());
-            nodesCertificates_.emplace(node, res.front());
-            nodesCertificatesLong_.emplace(res.front()->getLongId(), res.front());
-            if (cb)
-                cb(res.front());
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-
-    auto found = std::make_shared<bool>(false);
-    dht_->get(
-        node,
-        [cb, node, found, this](const std::vector<Sp<Value>>& vals) {
-            for (const auto& v : vals) {
-                if (auto cert = registerCertificate(node, v->data)) {
-                    *found = true;
-                    if (logger_)
-                        logger_->debug("Found certificate for {}", node.toString());
-                    if (cb)
-                        cb(cert);
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-            return !*found;
-        },
-        [cb, found](bool) {
-            if (!*found and cb)
-                cb(nullptr);
-        },
-        Value::TypeFilter(CERTIFICATE_TYPE));
-}
-
-void
-SecureDht::findPublicKey(const InfoHash& node, const std::function<void(const Sp<crypto::PublicKey>)>& cb)
-{
-    auto pk = getPublicKey(node);
-    if (pk && *pk) {
-        if (logger_)
-            logger_->debug("Found public key from cache for {}", node.toString());
-        if (cb)
-            cb(pk);
-        return;
-    }
-    findCertificate(node, [=](const Sp<crypto::Certificate>& crt) {
-        if (crt && *crt) {
-            auto pk = crt->getSharedPublicKey();
-            if (*pk) {
-                nodesPubKeys_[pk->getId()] = pk;
-                nodesPubKeysLong_[pk->getLongId()] = pk;
-                if (cb)
-                    cb(pk);
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-        if (cb)
-            cb(nullptr);
-    });
-}
-
 void
 SecureDht::findCertificate(const PkId& node, const std::function<void(const Sp<crypto::Certificate>)>& cb)
 {
@@ -301,8 +188,7 @@ SecureDht::findCertificate(const PkId& node, const std::function<void(const Sp<c
        if (not res.empty()) {
            if (logger_)
                logger_->debug("Registering certificate from local store for {}", node.to_c_str());
-            nodesCertificates_.emplace(res.front()->getId(), res.front());
-            nodesCertificatesLong_.emplace(node, res.front());
+            nodesCertificates_.emplace(node, res.front());
            if (cb)
                cb(res.front());
            return;
@@ -347,8 +233,7 @@ SecureDht::findPublicKey(const PkId& node, const std::function<void(const Sp<cry
        if (crt && *crt) {
            auto pk = crt->getSharedPublicKey();
            if (*pk) {
-                nodesPubKeys_[pk->getId()] = pk;
-                nodesPubKeysLong_[pk->getLongId()] = pk;
+                nodesPubKeys_[pk->getLongId()] = pk;
                if (cb)
                    cb(pk);
                return;
@@ -376,8 +261,7 @@ SecureDht::checkValue(const Sp<Value>& v)
            if (auto decrypted_val = v->decrypt(*key_)) {
                auto cacheValue = not isDecrypted and decrypted_val->owner;
                if (cacheValue) {
-                    nodesPubKeys_[decrypted_val->owner->getId()] = decrypted_val->owner;
-                    nodesPubKeysLong_[decrypted_val->owner->getLongId()] = decrypted_val->owner;
+                    nodesPubKeys_[decrypted_val->owner->getLongId()] = decrypted_val->owner;
                }
                return decrypted_val;
            }
@@ -391,8 +275,7 @@ SecureDht::checkValue(const Sp<Value>& v)
        auto cacheValue = not v->isSignatureChecked() and enableCache_ and v->owner;
        if (v->checkSignature()) {
            if (cacheValue) {
-                nodesPubKeys_[v->owner->getId()] = v->owner;
-                nodesPubKeysLong_[v->owner->getLongId()] = v->owner;
+                nodesPubKeys_[v->owner->getLongId()] = v->owner;
            }
            return v;
        } else if (logger_)
@@ -506,35 +389,6 @@ SecureDht::putSigned(const InfoHash& hash, Sp<Value> val, DoneCallback callback,
        Where().id(val->id));
 }

-void
-SecureDht::putEncrypted(const InfoHash& hash, const InfoHash& to, Sp<Value> val, DoneCallback callback, bool permanent)
-{
-    if (not key_) {
-        if (callback)
-            callback(false, {});
-        return;
-    }
-    findPublicKey(to,
-                  [this, hash, val = std::move(val), callback = std::move(callback), permanent](
-                      const Sp<crypto::PublicKey>& pk) {
-                      if (!pk || !*pk) {
-                          if (callback)
-                              callback(false, {});
-                          return;
-                      }
-                      if (logger_)
-                          logger_->warn("Encrypting data for PK: {}", pk->getId().toString());
-                      try {
-                          dht_->put(hash, encrypt(*val, *pk), callback, time_point::max(), permanent);
-                      } catch (const std::exception& e) {
-                          if (logger_)
-                              logger_->error("Error putting encrypted data: {}", e.what());
-                          if (callback)
-                              callback(false, {});
-                      }
-                  });
-}
-
 void
 SecureDht::putEncrypted(const InfoHash& hash, const PkId& to, Sp<Value> val, DoneCallback callback, bool permanent)
 {
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@
 #pragma once

 #include "infohash.h"
-#include "value.h"
 #include "listener.h"
+#include "sockaddr.h"
+#include "value.h"

 #include <map>
 #include <utility>
@@ -17,6 +18,11 @@ namespace dht {
 class StorageBucket
 {
 public:
+    StorageBucket() = default;
+    explicit StorageBucket(SockAddr addr)
+        : addr_(std::move(addr))
+    {}
+
    void insert(const InfoHash& id, const Value& value, time_point expiration)
    {
        totalSize_ += value.size();
@@ -56,8 +62,10 @@ public:
    {
        return storedValues_.empty() ? std::pair<InfoHash, Value::Id> {} : storedValues_.begin()->second;
    }
+    const SockAddr& getAddr() const { return addr_; }

 private:
+    SockAddr addr_ {};
    std::multimap<time_point, std::pair<InfoHash, Value::Id>> storedValues_;
    size_t totalSize_ {0};
 };
@@ -224,6 +232,8 @@ Storage::store(const InfoHash& id, const Sp<Value>& value, time_point created, t
        if (it->data != value) {
            size_t size_old = it->data->size();
            ssize_t size_diff = size_new - (ssize_t) size_old;
+            // Re-storing identical content is a refresh, not an edition
+            size_t edited = (*it->data != *value) ? 1 : 0;
            // DHT_LOG.DEBUG("Updating %s -> %s", id.toString().c_str(), value->toString().c_str());
            //  clear quota for previous value
            if (it->store_bucket)
@@ -235,7 +245,7 @@ Storage::store(const InfoHash& id, const Sp<Value>& value, time_point created, t
                sb->insert(id, *value, expiration);
            it->data = value;
            total_size += size_diff;
-            return std::make_pair(&(*it), StoreDiff {size_diff, 0, 0, 1});
+            return std::make_pair(&(*it), StoreDiff {size_diff, 0, 0, edited});
        }
    } else {
        // DHT_LOG.DEBUG("Storing %s -> %s", id.toString().c_str(), value->toString().c_str());
@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@
 #include <atomic>
 #include <thread>
 #include <iostream>
-#include <ciso646> // fix windows compiler bug
-#include <cmath>   // std::pow
+#include <cmath> // std::pow
+#if __cplusplus < 202002L
+#include <ciso646>
+#endif

 namespace dht {

@@ -78,6 +80,8 @@ ThreadPool::run(std::function<void()>&& cb)
                            break;
                        task = std::move(tasks_.front());
                        tasks_.pop();
+                        if (tasks_.empty() && stopping_)
+                            stopCv_.notify_one();
                    }

                    // run task
@@ -135,7 +139,9 @@ ThreadPool::stop(bool wait)
 {
    std::unique_lock l(lock_);
    if (wait) {
-        cv_.wait(l, [&]() { return tasks_.empty(); });
+        stopping_ = true;
+        stopCv_.wait(l, [&]() { return tasks_.empty(); });
+        stopping_ = false;
    }
    running_ = false;
    tasks_ = {};
@@ -238,28 +238,67 @@ operator==(const SockAddr& a, const SockAddr& b)
    return a.equals(b);
 }

+time_point
+from_system_time(system_clock::time_point t, time_point steady_now, system_clock::time_point system_now)
+{
+    if (t == system_clock::time_point::min())
+        return time_point::min();
+    if (t == system_clock::time_point::max())
+        return time_point::max();
+    // Saturate before the cast: the steady clock duration may hold a narrower range than the system one.
+    constexpr auto max_dt = std::chrono::duration_cast<system_clock::duration>(duration::max());
+    constexpr auto min_dt = std::chrono::duration_cast<system_clock::duration>(duration::min());
+    auto system_dt = t - system_now;
+    if (system_dt >= max_dt)
+        return time_point::max();
+    if (system_dt <= min_dt)
+        return time_point::min();
+    auto dt = std::chrono::duration_cast<duration>(system_dt);
+    if (dt > duration(0) and steady_now > time_point::max() - dt)
+        return time_point::max();
+    else if (dt < duration(0) and steady_now < time_point::min() - dt)
+        return time_point::min();
+    return steady_now + dt;
+}
+
+time_point
+from_system_time(system_clock::time_point t)
+{
+    return from_system_time(t, clock::now(), system_clock::now());
+}
+
+system_clock::time_point
+to_system_time(time_point t, time_point steady_now, system_clock::time_point system_now)
+{
+    if (t == time_point::min())
+        return system_clock::time_point::min();
+    if (t == time_point::max())
+        return system_clock::time_point::max();
+    // Cast first: mixing clock durations of different periods would overflow the bound computations below.
+    auto dt = std::chrono::duration_cast<system_clock::duration>(t - steady_now);
+    if (dt > system_clock::duration(0) and system_now >= system_clock::time_point::max() - dt)
+        return system_clock::time_point::max();
+    else if (dt < system_clock::duration(0) and system_now <= system_clock::time_point::min() - dt)
+        return system_clock::time_point::min();
+    return system_now + dt;
+}
+
+system_clock::time_point
+to_system_time(time_point t)
+{
+    return to_system_time(t, clock::now(), system_clock::now());
+}
+
 time_point
 from_time_t(std::time_t t)
 {
-    auto dt = system_clock::from_time_t(t) - system_clock::now();
-    auto now = clock::now();
-    if (dt > system_clock::duration(0) and now > time_point::max() - dt)
-        return time_point::max();
-    else if (dt < system_clock::duration(0) and now < time_point::min() - dt)
-        return time_point::min();
-    return now + dt;
+    return from_system_time(system_clock::from_time_t(t));
 }

 std::time_t
 to_time_t(time_point t)
 {
-    auto dt = t - clock::now();
-    auto now = system_clock::now();
-    if (dt > duration(0) and now >= system_clock::time_point::max() - dt)
-        return system_clock::to_time_t(system_clock::time_point::max());
-    else if (dt < duration(0) and now <= system_clock::time_point::min() - dt)
-        return system_clock::to_time_t(system_clock::time_point::min());
-    return system_clock::to_time_t(now + std::chrono::duration_cast<system_clock::duration>(dt));
+    return system_clock::to_time_t(to_system_time(t));
 }

 Blob
@@ -296,4 +335,19 @@ findMapValue(const msgpack::object& map, const char* key, size_t key_length)
    return nullptr;
 }

+std::string
+printByteCount(size_t bytes)
+{
+    static constexpr std::string_view suffixes[] = {"B", "KB", "MB", "GB", "TB"};
+    size_t suffixIndex = 0;
+    double count = static_cast<double>(bytes);
+    while (count >= 1024 && suffixIndex < std::size(suffixes) - 1) {
+        count /= 1024;
+        suffixIndex++;
+    }
+    if (suffixIndex == 0)
+        return fmt::format("{} {}", bytes, suffixes[suffixIndex]);
+    return fmt::format("{:.2f} {} ({} bytes)", count, suffixes[suffixIndex], bytes);
+}
+
 } // namespace dht
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ ValueType::DEFAULT_STORE_POLICY(InfoHash, const std::shared_ptr<Value>& v, const
 size_t
 Value::size() const
 {
-    return cypher.size() + data.size() + signature.size() + user_type.size();
+    return cypher.size() + data.size() + signature.size() + user_type.size() + pushType.size();
 }

 void
@@ -104,9 +104,14 @@ Value::msgpack_unpack(const msgpack::object& o)
    } else
        throw msgpack::type_error();

+    priority = 0;
+    pushType.clear();
    if (auto rprio = findMapValue(o, VALUE_KEY_PRIO)) {
        priority = rprio->as<unsigned>();
    }
+    if (auto rpt = findMapValue(o, VALUE_KEY_PUSHTYPE)) {
+        pushType = rpt->as<std::string>();
+    }
 }

 void
@@ -197,6 +202,9 @@ Value::Value(const Json::Value& json)
    const auto& jprio = json["prio"];
    if (jprio.isIntegral())
        priority = jprio.asUInt();
+    const auto& jpt = json[VALUE_KEY_PUSHTYPE];
+    if (jpt.isString())
+        pushType = jpt.asString();
 }

 Json::Value
@@ -223,6 +231,8 @@ Value::toJson() const
    }
    if (priority)
        val["prio"] = priority;
+    if (not pushType.empty())
+        val[VALUE_KEY_PUSHTYPE] = pushType;
    return val;
 }

@@ -261,6 +271,7 @@ Value::encrypt(const crypto::PrivateKey& from, const crypto::PublicKey& to)
    sign(from);
    Value nv {id};
    nv.priority = priority;
+    nv.pushType = pushType;
    nv.setCypher(to.encrypt(getToEncrypt()));
    return nv;
 }
@@ -71,11 +71,21 @@ public:
    {
        std::vector<Sp<Value>> expired_values;
        for (auto it = values.begin(); it != values.end();) {
-            if (it->second.expiration <= now) {
+            auto effectiveExpiration = it->second.expiration;
+            if (status == ListenSyncStatus::SYNCED)
+                // While the listen is synced, the remote node pushes
+                // explicit expirations and periodic refreshes.  Add a
+                // grace period proportional to the value's type
+                // expiration so that a single lost UDP refresh
+                // notification does not cause a premature local drop.
+                // A grace of one type-expiration covers exactly one
+                // missed re-announcement cycle.
+                effectiveExpiration += it->second.typeExpiration;
+            if (effectiveExpiration <= now) {
                expired_values.emplace_back(std::move(it->second.data));
                it = values.erase(it);
            } else {
-                next = std::min(next, it->second.expiration);
+                next = std::min(next, effectiveExpiration);
                ++it;
            }
        }
@@ -148,12 +158,14 @@ private:
        Sp<Value> data {};
        time_point created {};
        time_point expiration {};
+        duration typeExpiration {}; /* value type's expiration period, used as grace when synced */

        CacheValueStorage() {}
-        CacheValueStorage(const Sp<Value>& v, time_point t, time_point e)
+        CacheValueStorage(const Sp<Value>& v, time_point t, time_point e, duration te)
            : data(v)
            , created(t)
            , expiration(e)
+            , typeExpiration(te)
        {}
    };

@@ -166,15 +178,22 @@ private:
    {
        std::vector<Sp<Value>> nvals;
        for (const auto& value : new_values) {
+            auto te = types.getType(value->type).expiration;
            auto v = values.find(value->id);
            if (v == values.end()) {
                // new value
                nvals.emplace_back(value);
-                values.emplace(value->id, CacheValueStorage(value, now, now + types.getType(value->type).expiration));
+                values.emplace(value->id, CacheValueStorage(value, now, now + te, te));
            } else {
                // refreshed value
                v->second.created = now;
-                v->second.expiration = now + types.getType(v->second.data->type).expiration;
+                v->second.expiration = now + te;
+                v->second.typeExpiration = te;
+                if (value->seq > v->second.data->seq) {
+                    // edited value (same rule as OpValueCache): emit as add
+                    v->second.data = value;
+                    nvals.emplace_back(value);
+                }
            }
        }
        CallbackQueue ret;
@@ -201,8 +220,10 @@ private:
        auto v = values.find(vid);
        if (v == values.end())
            return;
+        auto te = types.getType(v->second.data->type).expiration;
        v->second.created = now;
-        v->second.expiration = now + types.getType(v->second.data->type).expiration;
+        v->second.expiration = now + te;
+        v->second.typeExpiration = te;
    }
 };

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-if ENABLE_TESTS
-bin_PROGRAMS = opendht_unit_tests
-
-AM_CPPFLAGS = -I../include -DOPENDHT_JSONCPP
-
-nobase_include_HEADERS = infohashtester.h valuetester.h cryptotester.h dhtrunnertester.h httptester.h dhtproxytester.h
-opendht_unit_tests_SOURCES = tests_runner.cpp cryptotester.cpp infohashtester.cpp valuetester.cpp dhtrunnertester.cpp httptester.cpp dhtproxytester.cpp
-opendht_unit_tests_LDFLAGS = -lopendht -lcppunit -ljsoncpp -L@top_builddir@/src/.libs @GnuTLS_LIBS@
-endif
@@ -1,330 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-#include "dhtproxytester.h"
-
-// std
-#include <iostream>
-#include <string>
-
-#include <chrono>
-#include <condition_variable>
-
-using namespace std::chrono_literals;
-
-namespace test {
-CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(DhtProxyTester);
-
-void
-DhtProxyTester::setUp()
-{
-    clientConfig.dht_config.node_config.max_peer_req_per_sec = -1;
-    clientConfig.dht_config.node_config.max_req_per_sec = -1;
-
-    nodePeer.run(0, clientConfig);
-
-    nodeProxy = std::make_shared<dht::DhtRunner>();
-    nodeProxy->run(0, clientConfig);
-
-    auto bound = nodePeer.getBound();
-    if (bound.isUnspecified())
-        bound.setLoopback();
-    nodeProxy->bootstrap(bound);
-
-    // auto serverCAIdentity = dht::crypto::generateEcIdentity("DHT Node CA");
-
-    uint16_t port = 1024 + (std::rand() % (65535 - 1024));
-
-    dht::ProxyServerConfig serverConfig;
-    // serverConfig.identity = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("DHT Node", serverCAIdentity);
-    serverConfig.port = port;
-    // serverConfig.pushServer = "127.0.0.1:8090";
-    serverProxy = std::make_unique<dht::DhtProxyServer>(nodeProxy, serverConfig);
-
-    /*clientConfig.server_ca = serverCAIdentity.second;
-    clientConfig.client_identity = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("DhtProxyTester");
-    clientConfig.push_node_id = "dhtnode";*/
-    clientConfig.proxy_server = "http://127.0.0.1:" + std::to_string(port); //"https://127.0.0.1:8080";
-}
-
-void
-DhtProxyTester::tearDown()
-{
-    nodePeer.join();
-    nodeClient.join();
-
-    bool done = false;
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    std::mutex cv_m;
-    nodeProxy->shutdown([&] {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-        done = true;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    });
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 15s, [&] { return done; }));
-    serverProxy.reset();
-    nodeProxy.reset();
-}
-
-void
-DhtProxyTester::testGetPut()
-{
-    nodeClient.run(0, clientConfig);
-
-    bool done = false;
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    std::mutex cv_m;
-
-    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("GLaDOs");
-    dht::Value val {"Hey! It's been a long time. How have you been?"};
-    auto val_data = val.data;
-    {
-        nodePeer.put(key, std::move(val), [&](bool) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-            done = true;
-            cv.notify_all();
-        });
-        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 10s, [&] { return done; }));
-    }
-
-    auto vals = nodeClient.get(key).get();
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(not vals.empty());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(vals.front()->data == val_data);
-}
-
-void
-DhtProxyTester::testListen()
-{
-    nodeClient.run(0, clientConfig);
-
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    std::mutex cv_m;
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("GLaDOs");
-    bool done = false;
-
-    // If a peer send a value, the listen operation from the client
-    // should retrieve this value
-    dht::Value firstVal {"Hey! It's been a long time. How have you been?"};
-    auto firstVal_data = firstVal.data;
-    nodePeer.put(key, std::move(firstVal), [&](bool ok) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok);
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-        done = true;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    });
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 10s, [&] { return done; }));
-    done = false;
-
-    std::vector<dht::Blob> values;
-    auto token = nodeClient.listen(key, [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& v, bool expired) {
-        if (not expired) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-            for (const auto& value : v)
-                values.emplace_back(value->data);
-            done = true;
-            cv.notify_all();
-        }
-        return true;
-    });
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 10s, [&] { return done; }));
-    done = false;
-    // Here values should contains 1 values
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(static_cast<int>(values.size()), 1);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(values.front() == firstVal_data);
-
-    // And the listen should retrieve futures values
-    // All values
-    dht::Value secondVal {"You're a monster"};
-    auto secondVal_data = secondVal.data;
-    nodePeer.put(key, std::move(secondVal));
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 10s, [&] { return done; }));
-    nodeClient.cancelListen(key, std::move(token));
-    // Here values should contains 2 values
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(static_cast<int>(values.size()), 2);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(values.back() == secondVal_data);
-}
-
-void
-DhtProxyTester::testResubscribeGetValues()
-{
-    clientConfig.push_token = "atlas";
-    nodeClient.run(0, clientConfig);
-
-    bool done = false;
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    std::mutex cv_m;
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("GLaDOs");
-
-    // If a peer sent a value, the listen operation from the client
-    // should retrieve this value
-    dht::Value firstVal {"Hey! It's been a long time. How have you been?"};
-    auto firstVal_data = firstVal.data;
-    nodePeer.put(key, std::move(firstVal), [&](bool ok) {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok);
-        done = true;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    });
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 10s, [&] { return done; }));
-    done = false;
-
-    // Send a first subscribe, the value is sent via a push notification
-    // So ignore values here.
-    nodeClient.listen(key, [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>&, bool) { return true; });
-    cv.wait_for(lk, std::chrono::seconds(1));
-
-    // Reboot node (to avoid cache)
-    nodeClient.join();
-    clientConfig.push_token = "";
-    nodeClient.run(0, clientConfig);
-
-    // For the second subscribe, the proxy will return the value in the body
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>> values;
-    auto ftoken = nodeClient.listen(key, [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& v, bool expired) {
-        if (not expired) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-            values.insert(values.end(), v.begin(), v.end());
-            done = true;
-            cv.notify_all();
-        }
-        return true;
-    });
-
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 10s, [&] { return done; }));
-    auto token = ftoken.get();
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(token);
-    nodeClient.cancelListen(key, token);
-    // Here values should still contains 1 values
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1u, values.size());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(firstVal_data == values.front()->data);
-}
-
-void
-DhtProxyTester::testPutGet40KChars()
-{
-    nodeClient.run(0, clientConfig);
-    constexpr size_t N = 40000;
-
-    // Arrange
-    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("testPutGet40KChars");
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>> values;
-    std::vector<uint8_t> mtu;
-    mtu.reserve(N);
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++)
-        mtu.emplace_back((i % 2) ? 'T' : 'M');
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    std::mutex cv_m;
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-    bool done_put = false;
-    bool done_get = false;
-
-    // Act
-    dht::Value val {mtu};
-    nodePeer.put(key, std::move(val), [&](bool ok) {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-        done_put = ok;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    });
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 10s, [&] { return done_put; }));
-
-    nodeClient.get(
-        key,
-        [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals) {
-            values.insert(values.end(), vals.begin(), vals.end());
-            return true;
-        },
-        [&](bool ok) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-            done_get = ok;
-            cv.notify_all();
-        });
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 10s, [&] { return done_get; }));
-
-    // Assert
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1u, values.size());
-    for (const auto& value : values)
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(value->data == mtu);
-}
-
-void
-DhtProxyTester::testFuzzy()
-{
-    constexpr size_t N = 40000;
-
-    // Arrange
-    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("testFuzzy");
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>> values;
-    std::vector<uint8_t> mtu;
-    mtu.reserve(N);
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++)
-        mtu.emplace_back((i % 2) ? 'T' : 'M');
-
-    // Act
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
-        auto nodeTest = std::make_shared<dht::DhtRunner>();
-        nodeTest->run(0, clientConfig);
-        nodeTest->put(key, dht::Value(mtu), [&](bool ok) { CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok); });
-        nodeTest->get(
-            key,
-            [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals) {
-                values.insert(values.end(), vals.begin(), vals.end());
-                return true;
-            },
-            [&](bool ok) { CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok); });
-        std::this_thread::sleep_for(5ms);
-    }
-
-    // Assert
-    for (const auto& value : values)
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(value->data == mtu);
-}
-
-void
-DhtProxyTester::testShutdownStop()
-{
-    constexpr size_t N = 40000;
-    constexpr unsigned C = 100;
-
-    // Arrange
-    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("testShutdownStop");
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>> values;
-    std::vector<uint8_t> mtu;
-    mtu.reserve(N);
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++)
-        mtu.emplace_back((i % 2) ? 'T' : 'M');
-
-    std::atomic_uint callback_count {0};
-
-    // Act
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < C; i++) {
-        auto nodeTest = std::make_shared<dht::DhtRunner>();
-        nodeTest->run(0, clientConfig);
-        nodeTest->put(key, dht::Value(mtu), [&](bool /*ok*/) { callback_count++; });
-        nodeTest->get(
-            key,
-            [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals) {
-                values.insert(values.end(), vals.begin(), vals.end());
-                return true;
-            },
-            [&](bool /*ok*/) { callback_count++; });
-        bool done = false;
-        std::condition_variable cv;
-        std::mutex cv_m;
-        nodeTest->shutdown(
-            [&] {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-                done = true;
-                cv.notify_all();
-            },
-            true);
-        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 10s, [&] { return done; }));
-    }
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2 * C, callback_count.load());
-}
-
-} // namespace test
@@ -1,473 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-#include "dhtrunnertester.h"
-
-#include <opendht/thread_pool.h>
-
-#include <chrono>
-#include <mutex>
-#include <condition_variable>
-using namespace std::chrono_literals;
-using namespace std::literals;
-
-namespace test {
-CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(DhtRunnerTester);
-
-void
-DhtRunnerTester::setUp()
-{
-    dht::DhtRunner::Config config;
-    config.dht_config.node_config.max_peer_req_per_sec = -1;
-    config.dht_config.node_config.max_req_per_sec = -1;
-    config.dht_config.node_config.max_store_size = -1;
-    config.dht_config.node_config.max_store_keys = -1;
-
-    node1.run(0, config);
-    node2.run(0, config);
-    auto bound = node1.getBound();
-    if (bound.isUnspecified())
-        bound.setLoopback();
-    node2.bootstrap(bound);
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunnerTester::tearDown()
-{
-    unsigned done {0};
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    std::mutex cv_m;
-    auto shutdown = [&] {
-        std::lock_guard lk(cv_m);
-        done++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    };
-    node1.shutdown(shutdown);
-    node2.shutdown(shutdown);
-    std::unique_lock lk(cv_m);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 30s, [&] { return done == 2u; }));
-    node1.join();
-    node2.join();
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunnerTester::testConstructors()
-{
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(node1.getBoundPort());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(node1.getBoundPort(), node1.getBound().getPort());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(node2.getBoundPort());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(node2.getBoundPort(), node2.getBound().getPort());
-
-    dht::DhtRunner::Config config {};
-    dht::DhtRunner::Context context {};
-    dht::DhtRunner testNode;
-    testNode.run(config, std::move(context));
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(testNode.getBoundPort());
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunnerTester::testGetPut()
-{
-    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("123");
-    dht::Value val {"hey"};
-    auto val_data = val.data;
-    std::promise<bool> p;
-    node2.put(key, std::move(val), [&](bool ok) { p.set_value(ok); });
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(p.get_future().get());
-    auto vals = node1.get(key).get();
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(not vals.empty());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(vals.front()->data == val_data);
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunnerTester::testPutDuplicate()
-{
-    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("123");
-    auto val = std::make_shared<dht::Value>("hey");
-    val->id = 42;
-    auto val_data = val->data;
-    std::promise<bool> p1;
-    std::promise<bool> p2;
-    node2.put(key, val, [&](bool ok) { p1.set_value(ok); });
-    node2.put(key, val, [&](bool ok) { p2.set_value(ok); });
-    auto p1ret = p1.get_future().get();
-    auto p2ret = p2.get_future().get();
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(p1ret);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(p2ret);
-    auto vals = node1.get(key).get();
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(not vals.empty());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(vals.size() == 1);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(vals.front()->data == val_data);
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunnerTester::testPutOverride()
-{
-    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("123");
-    auto val = std::make_shared<dht::Value>("meh");
-    val->id = 42;
-    auto val2 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>("hey");
-    val2->id = 42;
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(val->id, val2->id);
-    auto val_data = val2->data;
-    std::promise<bool> p1;
-    std::promise<bool> p2;
-    node2.put(key, val, [&](bool ok) { p1.set_value(ok); });
-    node2.put(key, val2, [&](bool ok) { p2.set_value(ok); });
-    auto p1ret = p1.get_future().get();
-    auto p2ret = p2.get_future().get();
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!p1ret);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(p2ret);
-    auto vals = node1.get(key).get();
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(not vals.empty());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(vals.size() == 1);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(vals.front()->data == val_data);
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunnerTester::testListen()
-{
-    std::mutex mutex;
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    std::atomic_uint valueCounta(0);
-    std::atomic_uint valueCountb(0);
-    std::atomic_uint valueCountc(0);
-    std::atomic_uint valueCountd(0);
-
-    unsigned putCount(0);
-    unsigned putOkCount1(0);
-    unsigned putOkCount2(0);
-    unsigned putOkCount3(0);
-
-    auto a = dht::InfoHash::get("234");
-    auto b = dht::InfoHash::get("2345");
-    auto c = dht::InfoHash::get("23456");
-    auto d = dht::InfoHash::get("234567");
-    constexpr unsigned N = 256;
-    constexpr unsigned SZ = 56 * 1024;
-
-    auto ftokena = node1.listen(a, [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& values, bool expired) {
-        if (expired)
-            valueCounta -= values.size();
-        else
-            valueCounta += values.size();
-        return true;
-    });
-
-    auto ftokenb = node1.listen(b, [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>&) {
-        /*if (expired)
-            valueCountb -= values.size();
-        else
-            valueCountb += values.size();*/
-        valueCountb++;
-        return false;
-    });
-
-    auto ftokenc = node1.listen(c, [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& values, bool expired) {
-        if (expired)
-            valueCountc -= values.size();
-        else
-            valueCountc += values.size();
-        return true;
-    });
-
-    auto ftokend = node1.listen(d, [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& values, bool expired) {
-        if (expired)
-            valueCountd -= values.size();
-        else
-            valueCountd += values.size();
-        return true;
-    });
-
-    std::vector<uint8_t> mtu;
-    mtu.reserve(SZ);
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < SZ; i++)
-        mtu.emplace_back((i % 2) ? 'T' : 'M');
-
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; i++) {
-        node2.put(a, dht::Value("v1"), [&](bool ok) {
-            std::lock_guard lock(mutex);
-            putCount++;
-            if (ok)
-                putOkCount1++;
-            cv.notify_all();
-        });
-        node2.put(b, dht::Value("v2"), [&](bool ok) {
-            std::lock_guard lock(mutex);
-            putCount++;
-            if (ok)
-                putOkCount2++;
-            cv.notify_all();
-        });
-        auto bigVal = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
-        bigVal->data = mtu;
-        node2.put(c, std::move(bigVal), [&](bool ok) {
-            std::lock_guard lock(mutex);
-            putCount++;
-            if (ok)
-                putOkCount3++;
-            cv.notify_all();
-        });
-    }
-
-    {
-        std::unique_lock lk(mutex);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 30s, [&] { return putCount == N * 3u; }));
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(N, putOkCount1);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(N, putOkCount2);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(N, putOkCount3);
-    }
-
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ftokena.valid());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ftokenb.valid());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ftokenc.valid());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ftokend.valid());
-
-    auto tokena = ftokena.get();
-    auto tokenc = ftokenc.get();
-    auto tokend = ftokend.get();
-    // tokenb might be 0 since the callback returns false.
-
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(tokena);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(tokenc);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(tokend);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(N, valueCounta.load());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, valueCountb.load());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(N, valueCountc.load());
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0u, valueCountd.load());
-
-    node1.cancelListen(a, tokena);
-    node1.cancelListen(b, std::move(ftokenb));
-    node1.cancelListen(c, tokenc);
-    node1.cancelListen(d, tokend);
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunnerTester::testIdOps()
-{
-    std::mutex mutex;
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    unsigned identityCount(0);
-    unsigned valueCount(0);
-    unsigned valueCountEdit(0);
-
-    dht::DhtRunner::Config config2;
-    config2.dht_config.node_config.max_peer_req_per_sec = -1;
-    config2.dht_config.node_config.max_req_per_sec = -1;
-    config2.dht_config.id = dht::crypto::generateIdentity();
-
-    dht::DhtRunner::Context context2;
-    context2.identityAnnouncedCb = [&](bool ok) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok);
-        std::lock_guard lk(mutex);
-        identityCount++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    };
-
-    node2.join();
-    node2.run(42232, config2, std::move(context2));
-    auto bound = node1.getBound();
-    if (bound.isUnspecified())
-        bound.setLoopback();
-    node2.bootstrap(bound);
-
-    {
-        std::unique_lock lk(mutex);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 20s, [&] { return identityCount == 1; }));
-    }
-
-    node1.findCertificate(node2.getId(), [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::crypto::Certificate>& crt) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(crt);
-        std::lock_guard lk(mutex);
-        valueCount++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    });
-
-    {
-        std::unique_lock lk(mutex);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 20s, [&] { return valueCount == 1u; }));
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, identityCount);
-    }
-
-    dht::DhtRunner::Context context1;
-    context1.identityAnnouncedCb = [&](bool ok) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok);
-        std::lock_guard lk(mutex);
-        identityCount++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    };
-
-    config2.dht_config.id = dht::crypto::generateIdentity();
-    node1.join();
-    node1.run(42222, config2, std::move(context1));
-    bound = node2.getBound();
-    if (bound.isUnspecified())
-        bound.setLoopback();
-    node1.bootstrap(bound);
-
-    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("key");
-    node1.putEncrypted(key, node2.getId(), dht::Value("yo"), [&](bool ok) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok);
-        std::lock_guard lk(mutex);
-        valueCount++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    });
-
-    node1.putEncrypted(key, node2.getPublicKey(), std::make_shared<dht::Value>("yo"), [&](bool ok) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok);
-        std::lock_guard lk(mutex);
-        valueCount++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    });
-
-    node2.listen<std::string>(key, [&](std::string&& value) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("yo"s, value);
-        std::lock_guard lk(mutex);
-        valueCount++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-        return true;
-    });
-
-    auto key2 = dht::InfoHash::get("key2");
-    auto editValue = std::make_shared<dht::Value>("v1");
-    node1.putSigned(key2, editValue, [&](bool ok) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok);
-        std::lock_guard lk(mutex);
-        valueCountEdit++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    });
-    node2.listen(key2, [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& values, bool /*expired*/) {
-        for (const auto& v : values) {
-            if (v->seq == 0)
-                CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("v1"s, dht::unpackMsg<std::string>(v->data));
-            else if (v->seq == 1)
-                CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("v2"s, dht::unpackMsg<std::string>(v->data));
-            CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(v->owner->getLongId(), node1.getPublicKey()->getLongId());
-        }
-        std::lock_guard lk(mutex);
-        valueCountEdit += values.size();
-        cv.notify_all();
-        return true;
-    });
-
-    {
-        std::unique_lock lk(mutex);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 20s, [&] { return identityCount == 2u; }));
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 20s, [&] { return valueCount == 5u; }));
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 20s, [&] { return valueCountEdit == 2u; }));
-    }
-
-    node2.findCertificate(node1.getPublicKey()->getLongId(), [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::crypto::Certificate>& crt) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(crt);
-        std::lock_guard lk(mutex);
-        valueCount++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    });
-
-    {
-        std::unique_lock lk(mutex);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 20s, [&] { return valueCount == 6u; }));
-    }
-
-    // editValue->data = dht::packMsg("v2");
-    editValue = std::make_shared<dht::Value>(editValue->id);
-    editValue->data = dht::packMsg("v2");
-    node1.putSigned(key2, editValue, [&](bool ok) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok);
-        std::lock_guard lk(mutex);
-        valueCountEdit++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-    });
-    std::unique_lock lk(mutex);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 20s, [&] { return valueCountEdit == 4u; }));
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunnerTester::testListenLotOfBytes()
-{
-    std::mutex mutex;
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    std::atomic_uint valueCount(0);
-    unsigned putCount(0);
-    unsigned putOkCount(0);
-
-    std::string data(10000, 'a');
-
-    auto foo = dht::InfoHash::get("foo");
-    constexpr unsigned N = 1024;
-
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; i++) {
-        node2.put(foo, data, [&](bool ok) {
-            std::lock_guard lock(mutex);
-            putCount++;
-            if (ok)
-                putOkCount++;
-            cv.notify_all();
-        });
-    }
-    {
-        std::unique_lock lk(mutex);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 30s, [&] { return putCount == N; }));
-    }
-
-    dht::DhtRunner node3 {};
-    dht::DhtRunner::Config config;
-    config.dht_config.node_config.max_peer_req_per_sec = -1;
-    config.dht_config.node_config.max_req_per_sec = -1;
-    node3.run(42242, config);
-    auto bound = node1.getBound();
-    if (bound.isUnspecified())
-        bound.setLoopback();
-    node3.bootstrap(bound);
-
-    auto ftokenfoo = node3.listen(foo, [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>&) {
-        valueCount++;
-        cv.notify_all();
-        return true;
-    });
-
-    {
-        std::unique_lock lk(mutex);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 30s, [&] { return valueCount == N; }));
-    }
-
-    node3.cancelListen(foo, ftokenfoo.get());
-}
-
-void
-DhtRunnerTester::testMultithread()
-{
-    std::mutex mutex;
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    unsigned putCount(0);
-    unsigned putOkCount(0);
-
-    constexpr unsigned N = 2048;
-
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; i++) {
-        dht::ThreadPool::computation().run([&] {
-            node2.put(dht::InfoHash::get("123" + std::to_string(i)), "hehe", [&](bool ok) {
-                std::lock_guard lock(mutex);
-                putCount++;
-                if (ok)
-                    putOkCount++;
-                cv.notify_all();
-            });
-            node2.get(
-                dht::InfoHash::get("123" + std::to_string(N - i - 1)),
-                [](const std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>&) { return true; },
-                [&](bool ok) {
-                    std::lock_guard lock(mutex);
-                    putCount++;
-                    if (ok)
-                        putOkCount++;
-                    cv.notify_all();
-                });
-        });
-    }
-    std::unique_lock lk(mutex);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 30s, [&] { return putCount == 2 * N; }));
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2 * N, putOkCount);
-}
-
-} // namespace test
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-#pragma once
-
-// cppunit
-#include <cppunit/TestFixture.h>
-#include <cppunit/extensions/HelperMacros.h>
-
-#include <opendht/dhtrunner.h>
-
-namespace test {
-
-class DhtRunnerTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
-{
-    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(DhtRunnerTester);
-    CPPUNIT_TEST(testConstructors);
-    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGetPut);
-    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPutDuplicate);
-    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPutOverride);
-    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListen);
-    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenLotOfBytes);
-    CPPUNIT_TEST(testIdOps);
-    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
-
-    dht::DhtRunner node1 {};
-    dht::DhtRunner node2 {};
-
-public:
-    /**
-     * Method automatically called before each test by CppUnit
-     */
-    void setUp();
-    /**
-     * Method automatically called after each test CppUnit
-     */
-    void tearDown();
-    /**
-     * Test the differents behaviors of constructors
-     */
-    void testConstructors();
-    /**
-     * Test get and put methods
-     */
-    void testGetPut();
-    /**
-     * Test get and multiple put
-     */
-    void testPutDuplicate();
-    /**
-     * Test get and multiple put with changing value
-     */
-    void testPutOverride();
-    /**
-     * Test listen method
-     */
-    void testListen();
-    /**
-     * Test methods requiring a node identity
-     */
-    void testIdOps();
-    /**
-     * Test listen method with lot of datas
-     */
-    void testListenLotOfBytes();
-    /**
-     * Test multithread
-     */
-    void testMultithread();
-};
-
-} // namespace test
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-#include "cryptotester.h"
+#include "test_crypto.h"

 #include <opendht/crypto.h>

@@ -59,6 +59,24 @@ CryptoTester::testSignatureEncryption()
    }
 }

+void
+CryptoTester::testPublicKeyPemIsPlainText()
+{
+    auto key = dht::crypto::PrivateKey::generate();
+    auto pem = key.getPublicKey().toString();
+
+    // The exported key is PEM text: it must not carry the terminating null
+    // byte GnuTLS counts in the exported size, which would otherwise be
+    // embedded in anything the string is serialized into.
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(not pem.empty());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(std::string::npos, pem.find('\0'));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL('\n', pem.back());
+
+    // The exported text still reads back as the same key.
+    dht::crypto::PublicKey reloaded(dht::Blob(pem.begin(), pem.end()));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(key.getPublicKey().getId(), reloaded.getId());
+}
+
 void
 CryptoTester::testCertificateRevocation()
 {
@@ -95,10 +113,159 @@ CryptoTester::testCertificateRevocation()
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_MESSAGE(v.toString(), v);
 }

+namespace {
+
+/** Read a CRL Number extension blob (big-endian, variable length) as an integer. */
+uint64_t
+crlNumberValue(const dht::Blob& number)
+{
+    uint64_t value {0};
+    for (uint8_t byte : number)
+        value = (value << 8) | byte;
+    return value;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+void
+CryptoTester::testRevocationListNumber()
+{
+    auto ca = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("ca");
+    auto device = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("dev", ca);
+
+    dht::crypto::RevocationList crl;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(uint64_t(0), crlNumberValue(crl.getNumber()));
+
+    crl.revoke(*device.second);
+    crl.sign(ca);
+    auto first = crl.getNumber();
+    // An unnumbered list gets a random number on its first signature.
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(not first.empty());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(crlNumberValue(first) != 0);
+
+    // Re-signing keeps the same lineage and moves the number forward.
+    crl.sign(ca);
+    auto second = crl.getNumber();
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(crlNumberValue(first) + 1, crlNumberValue(second));
+
+    crl.sign(ca);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(crlNumberValue(first) + 2, crlNumberValue(crl.getNumber()));
+
+    // The number is a DER integer, so it is stored with leading zeros stripped.
+    // Incrementing must still work for numbers shorter than 8 bytes.
+    for (uint64_t start : {uint64_t(1), uint64_t(0x7f), uint64_t(0x80), uint64_t(0xffff)}) {
+        dht::crypto::RevocationList small;
+        small.revoke(*device.second);
+        small.sign(ca, {}, start);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(start, crlNumberValue(small.getNumber()));
+        small.sign(ca);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(start + 1, crlNumberValue(small.getNumber()));
+        small.sign(ca);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(start + 2, crlNumberValue(small.getNumber()));
+    }
+}
+
+void
+CryptoTester::testRevocationListExplicitNumber()
+{
+    auto ca = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("ca");
+    auto device = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("dev", ca);
+
+    // Values chosen to cover leading zero bytes, a full-width number and the largest
+    // value that still encodes as a positive 8-byte DER integer.
+    const std::vector<uint64_t> numbers {1,
+                                         42,
+                                         0xff,
+                                         0x100,
+                                         0x0000'0001'0000'0000ull,
+                                         0x0000'02a1'0000'0001ull,
+                                         0x7fff'ffff'ffff'ffffull};
+    for (auto number : numbers) {
+        dht::crypto::RevocationList crl;
+        crl.revoke(*device.second);
+        crl.sign(ca, {}, number);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(number, crlNumberValue(crl.getNumber()));
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(crl.isSignedBy(*ca.second));
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(crl.isRevoked(*device.second));
+
+        // The number must survive a pack/unpack round-trip.
+        dht::crypto::RevocationList unpacked(crl.getPacked());
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(number, crlNumberValue(unpacked.getNumber()));
+    }
+
+    // An explicit number overrides the increment, in both directions.
+    dht::crypto::RevocationList crl;
+    crl.revoke(*device.second);
+    crl.sign(ca, {}, 1000);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(uint64_t(1000), crlNumberValue(crl.getNumber()));
+    crl.sign(ca, {}, 5);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(uint64_t(5), crlNumberValue(crl.getNumber()));
+
+    // Passing 0 falls back to the default behavior: increment the current number.
+    crl.sign(ca, {}, 0);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(uint64_t(6), crlNumberValue(crl.getNumber()));
+}
+
+void
+CryptoTester::testRevocationListPartitionedNumber()
+{
+    // Two devices holding the same authority issue revocation lists independently.
+    // RFC 5280 5.2.3 requires CRL numbers to increase monotonically for a given CRL
+    // scope and issuer; partitioning the low bits by device keeps each sequence
+    // monotonic while making collisions between devices impossible.
+    constexpr unsigned TAG_BITS = 24;
+    constexpr uint64_t TAG_A = 0x0a0b0c;
+    constexpr uint64_t TAG_B = 0x0a0b0d;
+
+    auto ca = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("ca");
+    auto account = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("acc", ca, 4096, true);
+    auto deviceA = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("devA", account);
+    auto deviceB = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("devB", account);
+
+    uint64_t previous {0};
+    dht::crypto::RevocationList crlA;
+    for (unsigned i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
+        crlA.revoke(*deviceA.second);
+        crlA.sign(account, {}, (uint64_t(i) << TAG_BITS) | TAG_A);
+        auto number = crlNumberValue(crlA.getNumber());
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(TAG_A, number & ((uint64_t(1) << TAG_BITS) - 1));
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(number > previous);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(uint64_t(0), number >> 63);
+        previous = number;
+    }
+
+    // Both devices branch from the same counter but never mint the same number.
+    dht::crypto::RevocationList branchA;
+    branchA.revoke(*deviceA.second);
+    branchA.sign(account, {}, (uint64_t(9) << TAG_BITS) | TAG_A);
+    dht::crypto::RevocationList branchB;
+    branchB.revoke(*deviceB.second);
+    branchB.sign(account, {}, (uint64_t(9) << TAG_BITS) | TAG_B);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(crlNumberValue(branchA.getNumber()) != crlNumberValue(branchB.getNumber()));
+
+    // Both are valid and revoke only their own target.
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(branchA.isSignedBy(*account.second));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(branchB.isSignedBy(*account.second));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(branchA.isRevoked(*deviceA.second));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(not branchA.isRevoked(*deviceB.second));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(branchB.isRevoked(*deviceB.second));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(not branchB.isRevoked(*deviceA.second));
+
+    // A number minted by an older client is fully random, so bit 63 may be set. Masking
+    // it out and taking the counter part still yields a strictly greater number.
+    constexpr uint64_t legacy = 0xdead'beef'0123'4567ull;
+    dht::crypto::RevocationList legacyCrl;
+    legacyCrl.revoke(*deviceA.second);
+    legacyCrl.sign(account, {}, legacy);
+    auto counter = ((crlNumberValue(legacyCrl.getNumber()) & ~(uint64_t(1) << 63)) >> TAG_BITS) + 1;
+    legacyCrl.sign(account, {}, (counter << TAG_BITS) | TAG_A);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(crlNumberValue(legacyCrl.getNumber()) > (legacy & ~(uint64_t(1) << 63)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(uint64_t(0), crlNumberValue(legacyCrl.getNumber()) >> 63);
+}
+
 void
 CryptoTester::testCertificateRequest()
-{
-    // Generate CA
+{    // Generate CA
    auto ca = dht::crypto::generateIdentity("Test CA");

    // Generate signed request
@@ -149,6 +316,25 @@ CryptoTester::testCertificateSerialNumber()
    };
    auto serial = dht::crypto::Certificate(cert_pem).getSerialNumber();
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(std::equal(SERIAL.begin(), SERIAL.end(), serial.begin(), serial.end()));
+
+    auto key = dht::crypto::PrivateKey::generateEC();
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+        auto generated = dht::crypto::Certificate::generate(key, "generated", {});
+        auto generatedSerial = generated.getSerialNumber();
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(not generatedSerial.empty());
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(uint8_t {0}, uint8_t(generatedSerial.front() & 0x80));
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(std::any_of(generatedSerial.begin(), generatedSerial.end(), [](uint8_t byte) { return byte != 0; }));
+    }
+}
+
+void
+CryptoTester::testEcKeyCurve()
+{
+    auto key = dht::crypto::PrivateKey::generateEC(GNUTLS_ECC_CURVE_SECP256R1);
+    unsigned int bits = 0;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(static_cast<int>(GNUTLS_PK_EC),
+                         gnutls_x509_privkey_get_pk_algorithm2(key.x509_key, &bits));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(256u, bits);
 }

 void
@@ -12,9 +12,14 @@ class CryptoTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
 {
    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(CryptoTester);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSignatureEncryption);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPublicKeyPemIsPlainText);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCertificateRevocation);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testRevocationListNumber);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testRevocationListExplicitNumber);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testRevocationListPartitionedNumber);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCertificateRequest);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCertificateSerialNumber);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testEcKeyCurve);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testOcsp);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAesEncryption);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAesEncryptionWithMultipleKeySizes);
@@ -36,10 +41,26 @@ public:
     * Test data signature, encryption and decryption
     */
    void testSignatureEncryption();
+    /**
+     * Test that an exported public key is text only, with no embedded null byte
+     */
+    void testPublicKeyPemIsPlainText();
    /**
     * Test certificate generation, validation and revocation
     */
    void testCertificateRevocation();
+    /**
+     * Test the default CRL Number behavior: random on first signature, incremented after
+     */
+    void testRevocationListNumber();
+    /**
+     * Test signing a revocation list with a caller-provided CRL Number
+     */
+    void testRevocationListExplicitNumber();
+    /**
+     * Test that issuers sharing an authority can partition the CRL Number space
+     */
+    void testRevocationListPartitionedNumber();
    /**
     * Test certificate requests
     */
@@ -48,6 +69,10 @@ public:
     * Test certificate serial number extraction
     */
    void testCertificateSerialNumber();
+    /**
+     * Test EC private key generation with an explicit curve
+     */
+    void testEcKeyCurve();
    /**
     * Test OCSP
     */
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@

 #include <opendht/dhtrunner.h>
 #include <opendht/dht_proxy_server.h>
-#include <opendht/log.h>

 namespace test {

@@ -17,10 +16,21 @@ class DhtProxyTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(DhtProxyTester);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGetPut);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListen);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenValueEdit);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPushListenValueEdit);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testResubscribeGetValues);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPushNotification);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testProxyServerClientFullChain);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPutGet40KChars);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testFuzzy);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testShutdownStop);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGetAfterListen);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenDuplicatePut);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPushMultiValueEditExpire);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPushRefreshNoSpuriousExpire);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testProxyListenEditChain);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPushRapidEditsNoPhantom);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPushRefreshAfterEditKeepsLatest);
    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();

 public:
@@ -41,11 +51,28 @@ public:
     * Test listen
     */
    void testListen();
+    /**
+     * Test that editing a value only triggers an add callback via proxy, no expire
+     */
+    void testListenValueEdit();
+    /**
+     * Test that editing a value only triggers an add callback via push,
+     * no phantom expire, and that real expiration is received.
+     */
+    void testPushListenValueEdit();
    /**
     * When a proxy redo a subscribe on the proxy
     * it should retrieve existant values
     */
    void testResubscribeGetValues();
+    /**
+     * Test push notification mechanism and OpValueCache
+     */
+    void testPushNotification();
+    /**
+     * Test end-to-end chain through proxy server and proxy client
+     */
+    void testProxyServerClientFullChain();
    /**
     * Test MTU put/get on dht
     */
@@ -54,6 +81,13 @@ public:
    void testFuzzy();

    void testShutdownStop();
+    void testGetAfterListen();
+    void testListenDuplicatePut();
+    void testPushMultiValueEditExpire();
+    void testPushRefreshNoSpuriousExpire();
+    void testProxyListenEditChain();
+    void testPushRapidEditsNoPhantom();
+    void testPushRefreshAfterEditKeepsLatest();

 private:
    dht::DhtRunner::Config clientConfig {};
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include "test_dhtproxy_client.h"
+
+#include <any>
+#include <mutex>
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wkeyword-macro"
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wpedantic"
+#endif
+#define private public
+#include "opendht/http.h"
+#include "opendht/dht_proxy_client.h"
+#undef private
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+#include "../src/op_cache.cpp"
+#include "../src/dht_proxy_client.cpp"
+
+namespace test {
+CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(DhtProxyClientTester);
+
+using namespace dht;
+
+void
+DhtProxyClientTester::testResubscribeUsesKeyRoute()
+{
+#ifdef OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS
+    DhtProxyClient client({}, {}, [] {}, "http://127.0.0.1:8080", "OpenDHT-Test", "client-id", "push-token");
+
+    DhtProxyClient::Listener listener {ValueCallback([](const std::vector<Sp<Value>>&, bool) { return true; })};
+    listener.opstate = std::make_shared<DhtProxyClient::OperationState>();
+    listener.cb = [](const std::vector<Sp<Value>>&, bool, system_clock::time_point) {
+        return true;
+    };
+
+    auto key = InfoHash::get("proxy-client-resubscribe");
+    client.resubscribe(key, 1, listener);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listener.request);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(std::string("/key/") + key.toString(), std::string(listener.request->header_.request_target()));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listener.request->body_.find("\"refresh\"") != std::string::npos);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listener.request->body_.find("true") != std::string::npos);
+#else
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(true);
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+DhtProxyClientTester::testSetPushNotificationTokenResubscribesWithNewToken()
+{
+#ifdef OPENDHT_PUSH_NOTIFICATIONS
+    DhtProxyClient client({}, {}, [] {}, "http://127.0.0.1:8080", "OpenDHT-Test", "client-id", "old-token");
+
+    client.statusIpv4_ = NodeStatus::Connected;
+
+    auto key = InfoHash::get("proxy-client-token-rotation");
+    auto& search = client.searches_[key];
+    auto [it, inserted] = search.listeners.emplace(std::piecewise_construct,
+                                                   std::forward_as_tuple(1),
+                                                   std::forward_as_tuple(ValueCallback(
+                                                       [](const std::vector<Sp<Value>>&, bool) { return true; })));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(inserted);
+
+    auto& listener = it->second;
+    listener.opstate = std::make_shared<DhtProxyClient::OperationState>();
+    listener.cb = [](const std::vector<Sp<Value>>&, bool, system_clock::time_point) {
+        return true;
+    };
+
+    client.setPushNotificationToken("new-token");
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listener.request);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(std::string("/key/") + key.toString(), std::string(listener.request->header_.request_target()));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listener.request->body_.find("new-token") != std::string::npos);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listener.request->body_.find("old-token") == std::string::npos);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listener.request->body_.find("\"refresh\"") != std::string::npos);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listener.request->body_.find("true") != std::string::npos);
+#else
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(true);
+#endif
+}
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cppunit/TestFixture.h>
+#include <cppunit/extensions/HelperMacros.h>
+
+namespace test {
+
+class DhtProxyClientTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
+{
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(DhtProxyClientTester);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testResubscribeUsesKeyRoute);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSetPushNotificationTokenResubscribesWithNewToken);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
+
+public:
+    void testResubscribeUsesKeyRoute();
+    void testSetPushNotificationTokenResubscribesWithNewToken();
+};
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-#include "dhtproxy_stress_tester.h"
+#include "test_dhtproxy_stress.h"

 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ DhtProxyStressTester::tearDown()
    std::condition_variable cv;
    std::mutex cv_m;
    nodeProxy->shutdown([&] {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+        std::lock_guard lk(cv_m);
        done = true;
        cv.notify_all();
    });
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+    std::unique_lock lk(cv_m);
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cv.wait_for(lk, 15s, [&] { return done; }));
    serverProxy.reset();
    nodeProxy.reset();
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ DhtProxyStressTester::testRepeatValues()

    std::condition_variable cv;
    std::mutex cv_m;
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+    std::unique_lock lk(cv_m);
    auto key = dht::InfoHash::get("GLaDOs");
    bool done = false;

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ DhtProxyStressTester::testRepeatValues()
    auto firstVal_data = firstVal.data;
    nodePeer.put(key, std::move(firstVal), [&](bool ok) {
        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok);
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+        std::lock_guard lk(cv_m);
        done = true;
        cv.notify_all();
    });
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ DhtProxyStressTester::testRepeatValues()
    std::vector<dht::Blob> values;
    auto token = nodeClient.listen(key, [&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& v, bool expired) {
        if (not expired) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+            std::lock_guard lk(cv_m);
            for (const auto& value : v)
                values.emplace_back(value->data);
            done = true;
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ DhtProxyStressTester::testRepeatValues()
        val->id = id++;
        nodePeer.put(key, val, [&](bool ok) {
            CPPUNIT_ASSERT(ok);
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+            std::lock_guard lk(cv_m);
            done = true;
            cv.notify_all();
        });
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ DhtProxyStressTester::testRepeatValues()
            if (not expired) {
                for (const auto& value : v) {
                    if (value->id == val->id) {
-                        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+                        std::lock_guard lk(cv_m);
                        done = true;
                        cv.notify_all();
                        break;
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+
+// cppunit
+#include <cppunit/TestFixture.h>
+#include <cppunit/extensions/HelperMacros.h>
+
+#include <opendht/dhtrunner.h>
+
+namespace test {
+
+class DhtRunnerTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
+{
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(DhtRunnerTester);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testConstructors);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGetPut);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPutDuplicate);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPutOverride);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListen);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenValueEdit);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenLotOfBytes);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testStoreEmptyValue);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testIdOps);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testImportValuesPreservesRemoteQuota);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testExportValuesUsesSystemTime);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testImportValuesPreservesStoredExpiration);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testImportPermanentValueExpires);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testBootstrapSetsConnectingState);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testBootstrapThenPutNoRace);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testBootstrapMissingNodeThenPutFails);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testShutdownCompletesWithPendingPut);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSavedPortFallback);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGetAfterListen);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenDuplicatePut);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenMultiSourceExpire);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenEditChainThenExpire);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenMultiValuePartialExpire);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
+
+    dht::DhtRunner node1 {};
+    dht::DhtRunner node2 {};
+
+public:
+    /**
+     * Method automatically called before each test by CppUnit
+     */
+    void setUp();
+    /**
+     * Method automatically called after each test CppUnit
+     */
+    void tearDown();
+    /**
+     * Test the differents behaviors of constructors
+     */
+    void testConstructors();
+    /**
+     * Test get and put methods
+     */
+    void testGetPut();
+    /**
+     * Test get and multiple put
+     */
+    void testPutDuplicate();
+    /**
+     * Test get and multiple put with changing value
+     */
+    void testPutOverride();
+    /**
+     * Test listen method
+     */
+    void testListen();
+    /**
+     * Test methods requiring a node identity
+     */
+    void testIdOps();
+    void testImportValuesPreservesRemoteQuota();
+    void testExportValuesUsesSystemTime();
+    void testImportValuesPreservesStoredExpiration();
+    void testImportPermanentValueExpires();
+    void testBootstrapSetsConnectingState();
+    void testBootstrapThenPutNoRace();
+    void testBootstrapMissingNodeThenPutFails();
+    void testShutdownCompletesWithPendingPut();
+    void testSavedPortFallback();
+    void testGetAfterListen();
+    void testListenDuplicatePut();
+    void testListenMultiSourceExpire();
+    void testListenEditChainThenExpire();
+    void testListenMultiValuePartialExpire();
+    /**
+     * Test that editing a value only triggers an add callback, no expire
+     */
+    void testListenValueEdit();
+    /**
+     * Test listen method with lot of datas
+     */
+    void testListenLotOfBytes();
+    /**
+     * Test storing an empty value
+     */
+    void testStoreEmptyValue();
+    /**
+     * Test multithread
+     */
+    void testMultithread();
+};
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-#include "httptester.h"
+#include "test_http.h"

 #include <opendht/value.h>
 #include <opendht/dhtrunner.h>

 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
+#include <atomic>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>

@@ -332,13 +333,43 @@ HttpTester::test_parse_url_just_slash()
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(std::string("/"), parsed.target);
 }

+void
+HttpTester::test_completed_resolver_callback_uses_io_thread()
+{
+    asio::io_context ioContext;
+    const asio::ip::tcp::endpoint endpoint(asio::ip::address_v4::loopback(), 80);
+    dht::http::Resolver resolver(ioContext, {endpoint});
+    const auto callerThread = std::this_thread::get_id();
+    std::thread::id callbackThread;
+    asio::error_code callbackError;
+    std::vector<asio::ip::tcp::endpoint> resolvedEndpoints;
+    std::atomic_bool callbackCalled {false};
+
+    resolver.add_callback([&](const asio::error_code& ec, const auto& endpoints) {
+        callbackError = ec;
+        callbackThread = std::this_thread::get_id();
+        resolvedEndpoints = endpoints;
+        callbackCalled = true;
+    });
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!callbackCalled);
+    std::thread ioThread([&] { ioContext.run(); });
+    ioThread.join();
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(callbackCalled);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!callbackError);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(callbackThread != callerThread);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(size_t(1), resolvedEndpoints.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(endpoint, resolvedEndpoints.front());
+}
+
 void
 HttpTester::test_send_json()
 {
    // Arrange
    std::condition_variable cv;
    std::mutex cv_m;
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+    std::unique_lock lk(cv_m);
    bool done = false;
    unsigned int status = 0;

@@ -350,7 +381,7 @@ HttpTester::test_send_json()
                                                        "http://127.0.0.1:8080/key/key",
                                                        json,
                                                        [&](Json::Value value, const dht::http::Response& response) {
-                                                            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+                                                            std::lock_guard lk(cv_m);
                                                            resp_val = std::move(value);
                                                            status = response.status_code;
                                                            done = true;
@@ -368,7 +399,7 @@ HttpTester::test_send_json()
    request = std::make_shared<dht::http::Request>(serverProxy->io_context(),
        "http://google.ca",
        [&](const dht::http::Response& response) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+            std::lock_guard lk(cv_m);
            status = response.status_code;
            done = true;
            cv.notify_all();
@@ -382,7 +413,7 @@ HttpTester::test_send_json()
    request = std::make_shared<dht::http::Request>(serverProxy->io_context(),
        "https://google.ca",
        [&](const dht::http::Response& response) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+            std::lock_guard lk(cv_m);
            status = response.status_code;
            done = true;
            cv.notify_all();
@@ -396,7 +427,7 @@ HttpTester::test_send_json()
    request = std::make_shared<dht::http::Request>(serverProxy->io_context(),
        "https://google.ca/sdbjklwGBIP",
        [&](const dht::http::Response& response) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
+            std::lock_guard lk(cv_m);
            status = response.status_code;
            done = true;
            cv.notify_all();
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ class HttpTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
    CPPUNIT_TEST(test_parse_url_complex_path_query_fragment);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(test_parse_url_empty);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(test_parse_url_just_slash);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(test_completed_resolver_callback_uses_io_thread);
    // send
    CPPUNIT_TEST(test_send_json);
    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ public:
    void test_parse_url_complex_path_query_fragment();
    void test_parse_url_empty();
    void test_parse_url_just_slash();
+    void test_completed_resolver_callback_uses_io_thread();
    /**
     * Test send(json)
     */
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-#include "infohashtester.h"
+#include "test_infohash.h"

 // std
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
+#include <string_view>

 // opendht
 #include "opendht/infohash.h"
@@ -21,47 +22,60 @@ void
 InfoHashTester::testConstructors()
 {
    // Default constructor creates a null infohash
-    auto nullHash = dht::InfoHash();
+    constexpr auto nullHash = dht::InfoHash();
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 20u, nullHash.size());
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!nullHash);
    // Build from a uint8_t. if length to short, should get a null infohash
-    uint8_t to_short[] = {0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7, 0x8};
-    auto infohash = dht::InfoHash(to_short, 8);
+    constexpr uint8_t too_short[] = {0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7, 0x8};
+    auto infohash = dht::InfoHash(too_short, 8);
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 20u, infohash.size());
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(std::string("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), infohash.toString());
    // Build from a uint8_t. if length is enough, data should contains the uint8_t
-    uint8_t enough[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7, 0x8, 0x9, 0xa,
-                        0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7, 0x8, 0x9, 0xa};
+    constexpr uint8_t enough[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7, 0x8, 0x9, 0xa,
+                                  0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7, 0x8, 0x9, 0xa};
    infohash = dht::InfoHash(enough, 20);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(infohash.size() == 20);
+    static_assert(dht::InfoHash(enough, 20) != nullHash);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 20u, infohash.size());
    const auto* data = infohash.data();
    for (auto i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(enough[i], data[i]);
    }
    // if too long, should be cutted to 20
-    uint8_t tooLong[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7, 0x8, 0x9, 0xa, 0x1,
-                         0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7, 0x8, 0x9, 0xa, 0xb0};
+    constexpr uint8_t tooLong[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7, 0x8, 0x9, 0xa, 0x1,
+                                   0x2, 0x3, 0x4, 0x5, 0x6, 0x7, 0x8, 0x9, 0xa, 0xb0};
    infohash = dht::InfoHash(tooLong, 21);
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(infohash.size() == 20);
    const auto* data2 = infohash.data();
    for (auto i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(enough[i], data2[i]);
    }
    // Build from string
-    auto infohashFromStr = dht::InfoHash("0102030405060708090A0102030405060708090A");
+    constexpr auto infohashFromStr = dht::InfoHash("0102030405060708090A0102030405060708090A");
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 20u, infohashFromStr.size());
    const auto* dataStr = infohashFromStr.data();
    for (auto i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((int) dataStr[i], (int) data[i]);
    }
+
+    // invalid strings
+    constexpr auto invalidHash = dht::InfoHash("invalid_string0102030405060708090A010203");
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 20u, invalidHash.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!invalidHash);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(nullHash, invalidHash);
+    static_assert(invalidHash == nullHash, "Invalid hash string should result in null hash");
+
+    constexpr auto tooShortHash = dht::InfoHash("0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef012345");
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 20u, tooShortHash.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!tooShortHash);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(nullHash, tooShortHash);
+    static_assert(tooShortHash == nullHash, "Too short hash string should result in null hash");
 }

 void
 InfoHashTester::testComparators()
 {
-    auto nullHash = dht::InfoHash();
-    auto minHash = dht::InfoHash("0000000000000000000000000000000000111110");
-    auto maxHash = dht::InfoHash("0111110000000000000000000000000000000000");
+    constexpr auto nullHash = dht::InfoHash();
+    constexpr auto minHash = dht::InfoHash("0000000000000000000000000000000000111110");
+    constexpr auto maxHash = dht::InfoHash("0111110000000000000000000000000000000000");
    // operator ==
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(minHash, minHash);
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(minHash, dht::InfoHash("0000000000000000000000000000000000111110"));
@@ -126,10 +140,21 @@ InfoHashTester::testXorCmp()
 void
 InfoHashTester::testHex()
 {
-    const std::string TEST_HASH_STR("01b20304d5060708090a010203e05060708090ae");
+    using namespace std::literals;
+    static constexpr auto H = "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567"sv;
+    const std::string TEST_HASH_STR(H);
    dht::InfoHash TEST_HASH(TEST_HASH_STR);
+    static constexpr dht::InfoHash TEST_HASH_CONST(H);
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(TEST_HASH_STR, TEST_HASH.toString());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(H, TEST_HASH.to_view());
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(TEST_HASH_STR, dht::toHex(TEST_HASH.data(), TEST_HASH.size()));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(TEST_HASH_CONST.to_view(), H);
+
+    static constexpr auto hexArray = dht::toHexArray(TEST_HASH_CONST);
+    static constexpr auto hexArrayView = std::string_view(hexArray.data(), hexArray.size());
+    static_assert(hexArrayView == H, "Hex array does not match");
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(std::string_view(TEST_HASH_STR), hexArrayView);
 }

 void
@@ -0,0 +1,672 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include "test_networkengine.h"
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+
+namespace test {
+CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(NetworkEngineTester);
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::setUp()
+{}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::tearDown()
+{}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testDisabledOnMsvc()
+{
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(true);
+}
+
+} // namespace test
+
+#else
+
+#include <any>
+#include <mutex>
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#ifdef opendht_EXPORTS
+#undef opendht_EXPORTS
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#include "opendht/node.h"
+#include "opendht/network_engine.h"
+#include "opendht/network_utils.h"
+#include "opendht/utils.h"
+#include "opendht/value.h"
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wkeyword-macro"
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wpedantic"
+#endif
+#define private public
+#include "opendht/dht.h"
+#undef private
+#if defined(__clang__)
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+#include "../src/parsed_message.h"
+#include "../src/search.h"
+
+// Hack to test internal classes
+#include "../src/op_cache.cpp"
+#include "../src/routing_table.cpp"
+#include "../src/dht.cpp"
+#include "../src/node.cpp"
+#include "../src/node_cache.cpp"
+#include "../src/network_engine.cpp"
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace test {
+CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(NetworkEngineTester);
+
+using namespace dht;
+using namespace dht::net;
+
+static constexpr size_t TEST_MTU {1280};
+
+class TestDatagramSocket : public net::DatagramSocket
+{
+public:
+    TestDatagramSocket()
+    {
+        bound_.setFamily(AF_INET);
+        bound_.setLoopback();
+        bound_.setPort(4222);
+    }
+
+    int sendTo(const SockAddr& dest, const uint8_t* data, size_t size, bool replied) override
+    {
+        sends.emplace_back(SentPacket {dest, Blob(data, data + size), replied});
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    bool hasIPv4() const override { return true; }
+    bool hasIPv6() const override { return false; }
+    const SockAddr& getBoundRef(sa_family_t family = AF_UNSPEC) const override
+    {
+        (void) family;
+        return bound_;
+    }
+    void stop() override {}
+
+    struct SentPacket
+    {
+        SockAddr dest;
+        Blob data;
+        bool replied;
+    };
+
+    SockAddr bound_;
+    std::vector<SentPacket> sends {};
+};
+
+static Blob
+serializeValue(const std::string& data)
+{
+    auto val = std::make_shared<Value>((const uint8_t*) data.data(), data.size());
+    return packMsg(val);
+}
+
+static Blob
+makeReplyHeaderPacketBlob(const InfoHash& id, Tid tid, const std::vector<size_t>& valueSizes)
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(3);
+    pk.pack(KEY_R);
+    pk.pack_map(2);
+    pk.pack(KEY_REQ_ID);
+    pk.pack(id);
+    pk.pack(KEY_REQ_VALUES);
+    pk.pack_array(valueSizes.size());
+    for (const auto& size : valueSizes)
+        pk.pack(size);
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(tid);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_R);
+
+    return {buffer.data(), buffer.data() + buffer.size()};
+}
+
+static Blob
+makeValueDataPacketBlob(Tid tid, unsigned index, size_t offset, const Blob& data)
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(3);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_V);
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(tid);
+    pk.pack(KEY_V);
+    pk.pack_map(1);
+    pk.pack(index);
+    pk.pack_map(2);
+    pk.pack("o");
+    pk.pack(offset);
+    pk.pack("d");
+    pk.pack_bin(data.size());
+    pk.pack_bin_body((const char*) data.data(), data.size());
+
+    return {buffer.data(), buffer.data() + buffer.size()};
+}
+
+static Blob
+makeListenPacketBlob(const InfoHash& id, const InfoHash& hash, Tid tid, Tid socketId, const Blob& token)
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(4);
+    pk.pack(KEY_A);
+    pk.pack_map(5);
+    pk.pack(KEY_REQ_ID);
+    pk.pack(id);
+    pk.pack(KEY_VERSION);
+    pk.pack(1);
+    pk.pack(KEY_REQ_H);
+    pk.pack(hash);
+    pk.pack(KEY_REQ_TOKEN);
+    packToken(pk, token);
+    pk.pack(KEY_REQ_SID);
+    pk.pack(socketId);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Q);
+    pk.pack(QUERY_LISTEN);
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(tid);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Q);
+
+    return {buffer.data(), buffer.data() + buffer.size()};
+}
+
+static SockAddr
+makeIPv4(const char* ip, in_port_t port)
+{
+    SockAddr addr;
+    addr.setFamily(AF_INET);
+    addr.setAddress(ip);
+    addr.setPort(port);
+    return addr;
+}
+
+static net::NetworkEngine
+makeEngine(std::unique_ptr<TestDatagramSocket>&& socket,
+           Scheduler& scheduler,
+           InfoHash& myid,
+           std::mt19937_64& rd,
+           int& onNewNodeCalls)
+{
+    net::NetworkConfig config {};
+    config.max_req_per_sec = -1;
+    config.max_peer_req_per_sec = -1;
+    return net::NetworkEngine(
+        myid,
+        config,
+        std::move(socket),
+        {},
+        rd,
+        scheduler,
+        [](Sp<net::Request>, net::DhtProtocolException) {},
+        [&onNewNodeCalls](const Sp<Node>&, int) { ++onNewNodeCalls; },
+        [](const InfoHash&, const SockAddr&) {},
+        [](Sp<Node>) { return net::RequestAnswer {}; },
+        [](Sp<Node>, const InfoHash&, want_t) { return net::RequestAnswer {}; },
+        [](Sp<Node>, const InfoHash&, want_t, const Query&) { return net::RequestAnswer {}; },
+        [](Sp<Node>, const InfoHash&, const Blob&, Tid, const Query&, int) { return net::RequestAnswer {}; },
+        [](Sp<Node>, const InfoHash&, const Blob&, const std::vector<Sp<Value>>&, const time_point&) {
+            return net::RequestAnswer {};
+        },
+        [](Sp<Node>, const InfoHash&, const Blob&, const Value::Id&) { return net::RequestAnswer {}; });
+}
+
+static Sp<Node>
+addPendingGetRequest(net::NetworkEngine& engine, const InfoHash& id, const SockAddr& addr, Tid tid)
+{
+    auto node = engine.insertNode(id, addr);
+    auto request = std::make_shared<net::Request>(
+        MessageType::GetValues,
+        tid,
+        node,
+        Blob {},
+        [](const net::Request&, ParsedMessage&&) {},
+        [](const net::Request&, bool) {});
+    node->requested(request);
+    return node;
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::setUp()
+{}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::tearDown()
+{}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testCompletesPartialSessionWithDataBeforeHeader()
+{
+    Scheduler scheduler;
+    std::mt19937_64 rd(0);
+    InfoHash myid = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    InfoHash remoteId = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    int onNewNodeCalls = 0;
+    auto engine = makeEngine(std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>(), scheduler, myid, rd, onNewNodeCalls);
+
+    auto serialized = serializeValue("fragment before header");
+    auto from = makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5000);
+    addPendingGetRequest(engine, remoteId, from, 99);
+    auto initialOnNewNodeCalls = onNewNodeCalls;
+    auto fragment = makeValueDataPacketBlob(99, 0, 0, serialized);
+    auto header = makeReplyHeaderPacketBlob(remoteId, 99, {serialized.size()});
+
+    engine.processMessage(fragment.data(), fragment.size(), from);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, engine.getPartialCount());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(initialOnNewNodeCalls, onNewNodeCalls);
+
+    engine.processMessage(header.data(), header.size(), from);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, engine.getPartialCount());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(onNewNodeCalls > initialOnNewNodeCalls);
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testBuffersLargeValueBeforeHeader()
+{
+    Scheduler scheduler;
+    std::mt19937_64 rd(8);
+    InfoHash myid = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    InfoHash remoteId = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    int onNewNodeCalls = 0;
+    auto engine = makeEngine(std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>(), scheduler, myid, rd, onNewNodeCalls);
+
+    auto serialized = serializeValue(std::string(57 * 1024, 'l'));
+    auto from = makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5008);
+    addPendingGetRequest(engine, remoteId, from, 101);
+    auto initialOnNewNodeCalls = onNewNodeCalls;
+    for (size_t offset = 0; offset < serialized.size(); offset += TEST_MTU) {
+        auto end = std::min(offset + TEST_MTU, serialized.size());
+        Blob data(serialized.begin() + offset, serialized.begin() + end);
+        auto fragment = makeValueDataPacketBlob(101, 0, offset, data);
+        engine.processMessage(fragment.data(), fragment.size(), from);
+    }
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, engine.getPartialCount());
+
+    auto header = makeReplyHeaderPacketBlob(remoteId, 101, {serialized.size()});
+    engine.processMessage(header.data(), header.size(), from);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, engine.getPartialCount());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(onNewNodeCalls > initialOnNewNodeCalls);
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testIgnoresEmptyPartialData()
+{
+    Scheduler scheduler;
+    std::mt19937_64 rd(7);
+    InfoHash myid = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    int onNewNodeCalls = 0;
+    auto engine = makeEngine(std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>(), scheduler, myid, rd, onNewNodeCalls);
+
+    auto packet = makeValueDataPacketBlob(100, 0, 0, {});
+    auto from = makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5007);
+    engine.processMessage(packet.data(), packet.size(), from);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, engine.getPartialCount());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0, onNewNodeCalls);
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testRejectsUnsolicitedPartialReply()
+{
+    Scheduler scheduler;
+    std::mt19937_64 rd(9);
+    InfoHash myid = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    InfoHash remoteId = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    int onNewNodeCalls = 0;
+    auto engine = makeEngine(std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>(), scheduler, myid, rd, onNewNodeCalls);
+
+    auto from = makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5009);
+    auto header = makeReplyHeaderPacketBlob(remoteId, 102, {TEST_MTU});
+    engine.processMessage(header.data(), header.size(), from);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, engine.getPartialCount());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, engine.getNodeCacheSize());
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testDropsMalformedCompletedPartialMessage()
+{
+    Scheduler scheduler;
+    std::mt19937_64 rd(10);
+    InfoHash myid = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    InfoHash remoteId = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    int onNewNodeCalls = 0;
+    auto engine = makeEngine(std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>(), scheduler, myid, rd, onNewNodeCalls);
+
+    auto from = makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5010);
+    addPendingGetRequest(engine, remoteId, from, 103);
+    Blob malformed {0xc1};
+    auto header = makeReplyHeaderPacketBlob(remoteId, 103, {malformed.size()});
+    auto fragment = makeValueDataPacketBlob(103, 0, 0, malformed);
+
+    engine.processMessage(header.data(), header.size(), from);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, engine.getPartialCount());
+    engine.processMessage(fragment.data(), fragment.size(), from);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, engine.getPartialCount());
+
+    auto earlyFrom = makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5011);
+    addPendingGetRequest(engine, remoteId, earlyFrom, 104);
+    auto earlyHeader = makeReplyHeaderPacketBlob(remoteId, 104, {malformed.size()});
+    auto earlyFragment = makeValueDataPacketBlob(104, 0, 0, malformed);
+
+    engine.processMessage(earlyFragment.data(), earlyFragment.size(), earlyFrom);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, engine.getPartialCount());
+    engine.processMessage(earlyHeader.data(), earlyHeader.size(), earlyFrom);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, engine.getPartialCount());
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testCompletesPartialSessionFromSameSource()
+{
+    Scheduler scheduler;
+    std::mt19937_64 rd(1);
+    InfoHash myid = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    InfoHash remoteId = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    int onNewNodeCalls = 0;
+    auto engine = makeEngine(std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>(), scheduler, myid, rd, onNewNodeCalls);
+
+    std::string data(TEST_MTU * 2 + 64, 'z');
+    auto serialized = serializeValue(data);
+    auto from = makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5001);
+    addPendingGetRequest(engine, remoteId, from, 7);
+    auto initialOnNewNodeCalls = onNewNodeCalls;
+    auto header = makeReplyHeaderPacketBlob(remoteId, 7, {serialized.size()});
+
+    engine.processMessage(header.data(), header.size(), from);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, engine.getPartialCount());
+
+    for (size_t offset = 0; offset < serialized.size(); offset += TEST_MTU) {
+        auto end = std::min(offset + TEST_MTU, serialized.size());
+        Blob fragment(serialized.begin() + offset, serialized.begin() + end);
+        auto packet = makeValueDataPacketBlob(7, 0, offset, fragment);
+        engine.processMessage(packet.data(), packet.size(), from);
+    }
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, engine.getPartialCount());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(onNewNodeCalls > initialOnNewNodeCalls);
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testSeparatesPartialSessionsBySource()
+{
+    Scheduler scheduler;
+    std::mt19937_64 rd(2);
+    InfoHash myid = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    InfoHash firstRemoteId = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    InfoHash secondRemoteId = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    int onNewNodeCalls = 0;
+    auto engine = makeEngine(std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>(), scheduler, myid, rd, onNewNodeCalls);
+
+    auto serialized = serializeValue("same transaction, different peers");
+    auto firstFrom = makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5002);
+    auto secondFrom = makeIPv4("127.0.0.3", 5002);
+    addPendingGetRequest(engine, firstRemoteId, firstFrom, 11);
+    addPendingGetRequest(engine, secondRemoteId, secondFrom, 11);
+    auto initialOnNewNodeCalls = onNewNodeCalls;
+    auto firstHeader = makeReplyHeaderPacketBlob(firstRemoteId, 11, {serialized.size()});
+    auto secondHeader = makeReplyHeaderPacketBlob(secondRemoteId, 11, {serialized.size()});
+
+    engine.processMessage(firstHeader.data(), firstHeader.size(), firstFrom);
+    engine.processMessage(secondHeader.data(), secondHeader.size(), secondFrom);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 2, engine.getPartialCount());
+
+    auto fragment = makeValueDataPacketBlob(11, 0, 0, serialized);
+    engine.processMessage(fragment.data(), fragment.size(), firstFrom);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, engine.getPartialCount());
+    engine.processMessage(fragment.data(), fragment.size(), secondFrom);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, engine.getPartialCount());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(onNewNodeCalls > initialOnNewNodeCalls);
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testListenConfirmationCarriesToken()
+{
+    Scheduler scheduler;
+    std::mt19937_64 rd(3);
+    InfoHash myid = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    InfoHash remoteId = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    InfoHash hash = InfoHash::getRandom(rd);
+    Blob requestToken {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04};
+    Blob responseToken {0xaa, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xdd, 0xee};
+    int onNewNodeCalls = 0;
+    net::NetworkConfig config {};
+    config.max_req_per_sec = -1;
+    config.max_peer_req_per_sec = -1;
+
+    auto socket = std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>();
+    auto* socketPtr = socket.get();
+    auto engine = net::NetworkEngine(
+        myid,
+        config,
+        std::move(socket),
+        {},
+        rd,
+        scheduler,
+        [](Sp<net::Request>, net::DhtProtocolException) {},
+        [&onNewNodeCalls](const Sp<Node>&, int) { ++onNewNodeCalls; },
+        [](const InfoHash&, const SockAddr&) {},
+        [](Sp<Node>) { return net::RequestAnswer {}; },
+        [](Sp<Node>, const InfoHash&, want_t) { return net::RequestAnswer {}; },
+        [](Sp<Node>, const InfoHash&, want_t, const Query&) { return net::RequestAnswer {}; },
+        [responseToken](Sp<Node>, const InfoHash&, const Blob&, Tid, const Query&, int) {
+            net::RequestAnswer answer {};
+            answer.ntoken = responseToken;
+            return answer;
+        },
+        [](Sp<Node>, const InfoHash&, const Blob&, const std::vector<Sp<Value>>&, const time_point&) {
+            return net::RequestAnswer {};
+        },
+        [](Sp<Node>, const InfoHash&, const Blob&, const Value::Id&) { return net::RequestAnswer {}; });
+
+    auto from = makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5003);
+    auto packet = makeListenPacketBlob(remoteId, hash, 17, 23, requestToken);
+
+    engine.processMessage(packet.data(), packet.size(), from);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, socketPtr->sends.size());
+
+    const auto& sent = socketPtr->sends.front();
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(sent.dest == from);
+
+    auto replyObject = msgpack::unpack((const char*) sent.data.data(), sent.data.size());
+    ParsedMessage reply;
+    reply.msgpack_unpack(replyObject.get());
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(reply.type == MessageType::Reply);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(myid, reply.id);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(reply.token == responseToken);
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testListenConfirmationUpdatesSearchNodeToken()
+{
+    Config config {};
+    config.max_req_per_sec = -1;
+    config.max_peer_req_per_sec = -1;
+
+    auto rd = std::make_unique<std::mt19937_64>(6);
+    Dht localDht(std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>(), config, {}, std::move(rd));
+
+    auto node = std::make_shared<Node>(InfoHash::getRandom(localDht.rd),
+                                       makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5006),
+                                       localDht.rd,
+                                       false);
+    auto sr = std::make_shared<Dht::Search>();
+    auto query = std::make_shared<Query>();
+    ValueCallback valueCallback = [](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Value>>&, bool) {
+        return true;
+    };
+
+    sr->id = InfoHash::getRandom(localDht.rd);
+    sr->af = AF_INET;
+    sr->nextSearchStep = localDht.scheduler.add(time_point::max(), [] {});
+    sr->listeners.emplace(1, Dht::Search::SearchListener {query, valueCallback, {}});
+
+    auto searchNode = std::make_unique<Dht::SearchNode>(node);
+    auto socketId = node->openSocket([](const Sp<Node>&, net::RequestAnswer&&) {});
+    searchNode->listenStatus.emplace(std::piecewise_construct,
+                                     std::forward_as_tuple(query),
+                                     std::forward_as_tuple(valueCallback, dht::SyncCallback {}, socketId));
+    auto* searchNodePtr = sr->nodes.emplace_back(std::move(searchNode)).get();
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(searchNodePtr->token.empty());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!searchNodePtr->isSynced(localDht.scheduler.time()));
+
+    net::RequestAnswer answer {};
+    answer.ntoken = Blob {0xaa, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xdd};
+
+    localDht.onListenDone(node, answer, sr);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(searchNodePtr->token == answer.ntoken);
+    /* last_get_reply should NOT be updated by listen confirmation,
+       so that periodic find_node requests still refresh the search table. */
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(searchNodePtr->last_get_reply == time_point::min());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!searchNodePtr->isSynced(localDht.scheduler.time()));
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testListenReopensSocketAfterNodeExpiration()
+{
+    Config config {};
+    config.max_req_per_sec = -1;
+    config.max_peer_req_per_sec = -1;
+
+    auto rd = std::make_unique<std::mt19937_64>(4);
+    Dht localDht(std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>(), config, {}, std::move(rd));
+
+    auto node = std::make_shared<Node>(InfoHash::getRandom(localDht.rd),
+                                       makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5004),
+                                       localDht.rd,
+                                       false);
+    auto sr = std::make_shared<Dht::Search>();
+    auto query = std::make_shared<Query>();
+    ValueCallback valueCallback = [](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Value>>&, bool) {
+        return true;
+    };
+    dht::SyncCallback syncCallback {};
+
+    sr->id = InfoHash::getRandom(localDht.rd);
+    sr->af = AF_INET;
+    sr->listeners.emplace(1, Dht::Search::SearchListener {query, valueCallback, {}});
+
+    auto searchNode = std::make_unique<Dht::SearchNode>(node);
+    auto staleSocketId = node->openSocket([](const Sp<Node>&, net::RequestAnswer&&) {});
+    auto status = searchNode->listenStatus
+                      .emplace(std::piecewise_construct,
+                               std::forward_as_tuple(query),
+                               std::forward_as_tuple(valueCallback, syncCallback, staleSocketId))
+                      .first;
+    status->second.req = std::make_shared<net::Request>(net::Request::State::COMPLETED);
+    status->second.req->reply_time = time_point::min();
+
+    node->setExpired();
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!node->getSocket(staleSocketId));
+
+    auto* searchNodePtr = sr->nodes.emplace_back(std::move(searchNode)).get();
+    searchNodePtr->token = Blob {0x42};
+    searchNodePtr->last_get_reply = localDht.scheduler.time();
+
+    localDht.searchSynchedNodeListen(sr, *searchNodePtr);
+
+    auto listenIt = searchNodePtr->listenStatus.find(query);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listenIt != searchNodePtr->listenStatus.end());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listenIt->second.req);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listenIt->second.socketId);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listenIt->second.socketId != staleSocketId);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(node->getSocket(listenIt->second.socketId));
+}
+
+void
+NetworkEngineTester::testUnauthorizedListenFlushClearsListenState()
+{
+    Config config {};
+    config.max_req_per_sec = -1;
+    config.max_peer_req_per_sec = -1;
+
+    auto rd = std::make_unique<std::mt19937_64>(5);
+    Dht localDht(std::make_unique<TestDatagramSocket>(), config, {}, std::move(rd));
+
+    auto node = std::make_shared<Node>(InfoHash::getRandom(localDht.rd),
+                                       makeIPv4("127.0.0.2", 5005),
+                                       localDht.rd,
+                                       false);
+    auto sr = std::make_shared<Dht::Search>();
+    auto query = std::make_shared<Query>();
+    ValueCallback valueCallback = [](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Value>>&, bool) {
+        return true;
+    };
+    dht::SyncCallback syncCallback {};
+
+    sr->id = InfoHash::getRandom(localDht.rd);
+    sr->af = AF_INET;
+
+    auto searchNode = std::make_unique<Dht::SearchNode>(node);
+    auto socketId = node->openSocket([](const Sp<Node>&, net::RequestAnswer&&) {});
+    auto listenIt = searchNode->listenStatus
+                        .emplace(std::piecewise_construct,
+                                 std::forward_as_tuple(query),
+                                 std::forward_as_tuple(valueCallback, syncCallback, socketId))
+                        .first;
+    listenIt->second.req = std::make_shared<net::Request>();
+    listenIt->second.refresh = localDht.scheduler.add(localDht.scheduler.time() + std::chrono::seconds(1), [] {});
+    searchNode->token = Blob {0x10, 0x11, 0x12};
+    searchNode->last_get_reply = localDht.scheduler.time();
+    auto* searchNodePtr = sr->nodes.emplace_back(std::move(searchNode)).get();
+
+    localDht.searches(AF_INET).emplace(sr->id, sr);
+
+    auto failingReq = std::make_shared<net::Request>(
+        MessageType::Listen,
+        node->getNewTid(),
+        node,
+        Blob {},
+        [](const net::Request&, ParsedMessage&&) {},
+        [](const net::Request&, bool) {});
+
+    localDht.onError(failingReq,
+                     net::DhtProtocolException {net::DhtProtocolException::UNAUTHORIZED,
+                                                net::DhtProtocolException::LISTEN_WRONG_TOKEN});
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(searchNodePtr->token.empty());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(searchNodePtr->last_get_reply == time_point::min());
+
+    auto listenStatusIt = searchNodePtr->listenStatus.find(query);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(listenStatusIt != searchNodePtr->listenStatus.end());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!listenStatusIt->second.req);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!listenStatusIt->second.refresh);
+}
+
+} // namespace test
+
+#endif
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cppunit/TestFixture.h>
+#include <cppunit/extensions/HelperMacros.h>
+
+namespace test {
+
+class NetworkEngineTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
+{
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(NetworkEngineTester);
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testDisabledOnMsvc);
+#else
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCompletesPartialSessionWithDataBeforeHeader);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testBuffersLargeValueBeforeHeader);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testIgnoresEmptyPartialData);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testRejectsUnsolicitedPartialReply);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testDropsMalformedCompletedPartialMessage);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCompletesPartialSessionFromSameSource);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSeparatesPartialSessionsBySource);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenConfirmationCarriesToken);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenConfirmationUpdatesSearchNodeToken);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testListenReopensSocketAfterNodeExpiration);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testUnauthorizedListenFlushClearsListenState);
+#endif
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
+
+public:
+    void setUp();
+    void tearDown();
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+    void testDisabledOnMsvc();
+#else
+    void testCompletesPartialSessionWithDataBeforeHeader();
+    void testBuffersLargeValueBeforeHeader();
+    void testIgnoresEmptyPartialData();
+    void testRejectsUnsolicitedPartialReply();
+    void testDropsMalformedCompletedPartialMessage();
+    void testCompletesPartialSessionFromSameSource();
+    void testSeparatesPartialSessionsBySource();
+    void testListenConfirmationCarriesToken();
+    void testListenConfirmationUpdatesSearchNodeToken();
+    void testListenReopensSocketAfterNodeExpiration();
+    void testUnauthorizedListenFlushClearsListenState();
+#endif
+};
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include "test_opcache.h"
+
+// Hack to test internal class
+#include "../src/op_cache.cpp"
+
+namespace test {
+CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(OpCacheTester);
+
+namespace {
+
+using Values = std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>;
+
+struct Event
+{
+    dht::Value::Id id;
+    uint16_t seq;
+    bool expired;
+};
+
+std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>
+makeValue(dht::Value::Id id, uint16_t seq, std::string data)
+{
+    auto v = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v->id = id;
+    v->seq = seq;
+    v->data = {data.begin(), data.end()};
+    return v;
+}
+
+dht::ValueCallback
+recordEvents(std::vector<Event>& events)
+{
+    return [&events](const Values& vals, bool expired) {
+        for (const auto& v : vals)
+            events.push_back({v->id, v->seq, expired});
+        return true;
+    };
+}
+
+unsigned
+count(const std::vector<Event>& events, bool expired)
+{
+    unsigned n = 0;
+    for (const auto& e : events)
+        if (e.expired == expired)
+            n++;
+    return n;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::setUp()
+{}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::tearDown()
+{}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testBasicAddExpire()
+{
+    dht::OpValueCache cache([](const Values&, bool) { return true; });
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(10, 0, "A");
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cache.get(10));
+
+    std::vector<dht::Value::Id> ids = {v1->id};
+    cache.onValuesExpired(ids);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!cache.get(10));
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testMultipleSources()
+{
+    // Two sources report the same value: it must survive until both have
+    // expired it, and the user must see exactly one add and one expire.
+    std::vector<Event> events;
+    dht::OpValueCache cache(recordEvents(events));
+
+    auto v = makeValue(20, 0, "B");
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v}); // source A
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v}); // source B
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, false));
+
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v}); // source A goes away
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Value still held by source B", (size_t) 1, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0u, count(events, true));
+
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v}); // source B goes away
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, true));
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testEditResetsRefCount()
+{
+    // A and B hold v1. A reports the edit v2: only A is known to hold v2, so
+    // the refcount restarts at 1. B then confirms v2 (refcount 2).
+    std::vector<Event> events;
+    dht::OpValueCache cache(recordEvents(events));
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(1, 1, "data1");
+    auto v2 = makeValue(1, 2, "data2");
+
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1}); // A
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1}); // B
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v2}); // A edits
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(v2->seq, cache.get(1)->seq);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2u, count(events, false));
+
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v2}); // A expires v2 -> nobody known to hold it
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Edit reset the refcount to the editing source", (size_t) 0, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, true));
+
+    // Same scenario, but B confirms v2 before A expires it.
+    events.clear();
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1}); // A
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1}); // B
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v2}); // A edits
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v2}); // B confirms
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v2});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Still held by B", (size_t) 1, cache.size());
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v2});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2u, count(events, false));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, true));
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testEditChainMultiSource()
+{
+    // Rapid edit chain seen from two sources with interleaving: the user
+    // must see each version once as an add and a single final expire.
+    std::vector<Event> events;
+    dht::OpValueCache cache(recordEvents(events));
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(7, 1, "v1");
+    auto v2 = makeValue(7, 2, "v2");
+    auto v3 = makeValue(7, 3, "v3");
+
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1}); // A
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1}); // B
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v2}); // A
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v3}); // A (B skipped v2)
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v2}); // B, late and stale: ignored
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v3}); // B
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(3u, count(events, false));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((uint16_t) 3, cache.get(7)->seq);
+
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v3}); // A
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v3}); // B
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, true));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((uint16_t) 3, events.back().seq);
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testStaleAddIgnored()
+{
+    dht::OpValueCache cache([](const Values&, bool) { return true; });
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(30, 10, "C");
+    auto v2 = makeValue(30, 20, "D");
+    auto v3 = makeValue(30, 5, "E");
+
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((uint16_t) 10, cache.get(30)->seq);
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v2});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((uint16_t) 20, cache.get(30)->seq);
+
+    // Older version from a lagging source: neither stored nor counted
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v3});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((uint16_t) 20, cache.get(30)->seq);
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v2});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_MESSAGE("Stale add must not have incremented the refcount", !cache.get(30));
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testStaleExpireIgnored()
+{
+    // A source that still holds an older version expiring it must not
+    // affect the newer version held by others.
+    std::vector<Event> events;
+    dht::OpValueCache cache(recordEvents(events));
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(31, 1, "old");
+    auto v2 = makeValue(31, 2, "new");
+
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1}); // A
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1}); // B
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v2}); // A edits; B never receives v2
+
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v1}); // B expires its stale copy
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0u, count(events, true));
+
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v2}); // A
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, true));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((uint16_t) 2, events.back().seq);
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testCallbacks()
+{
+    std::vector<Event> events;
+    dht::OpValueCache cache(recordEvents(events));
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(40, 0, "");
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, false));
+
+    // Duplicate from another source: counted, but not re-delivered
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, false));
+
+    auto v2 = makeValue(40, 100, "MOD");
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v2});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2u, count(events, false));
+
+    // The edit reset the refcount: one expire removes it
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v2});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, true));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testFilters()
+{
+    dht::OpValueCache cache([](const Values&, bool) { return true; });
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(50, 0, "");
+    v1->type = 1;
+    auto v2 = makeValue(51, 0, "");
+    v2->type = 2;
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1, v2});
+
+    auto res1 = cache.get(dht::Value::TypeFilter(1));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, res1.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(v1->id, res1[0]->id);
+
+    auto res2 = cache.get(dht::Value::TypeFilter(2));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, res2.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(v2->id, res2[0]->id);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 2, cache.getValues().size());
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testSyncStatus()
+{
+    dht::OpValueCache cache([](const Values&, bool) { return true; });
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!cache.isSynced());
+    cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!cache.isSynced());
+    cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::SYNCED);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cache.isSynced());
+    cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!cache.isSynced());
+    cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::SYNCED);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cache.isSynced());
+    cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::UNSYNCED);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!cache.isSynced());
+    cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::REMOVED);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(cache.isSynced());
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testGetWhileSynced()
+{
+    dht::SearchCache searchCache;
+    int getCallCount = 0;
+    bool doneCalled = false;
+    bool doneSuccess = false;
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(100, 0, "X");
+    auto v2 = makeValue(101, 0, "Y");
+    auto query = std::make_shared<dht::Query>();
+
+    auto token = searchCache.listen([](const Values&, bool) { return true; },
+                                    query,
+                                    {},
+                                    [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::Query>&,
+                                        dht::ValueCallback vcb,
+                                        dht::SyncCallback scb) -> size_t {
+                                        scb(dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+                                        vcb({v1, v2}, false);
+                                        scb(dht::ListenSyncStatus::SYNCED);
+                                        return 1;
+                                    });
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(token != 0);
+
+    bool result = searchCache.get(
+        {},
+        query,
+        [&](const Values& vals) {
+            getCallCount++;
+            CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 2, vals.size());
+            return true;
+        },
+        [&](bool success, const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Node>>&) {
+            doneCalled = true;
+            doneSuccess = success;
+        });
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_MESSAGE("get() should be served from a synced cache", result);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, getCallCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(doneCalled);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(doneSuccess);
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testGetWhileNotSynced()
+{
+    // An unsynced cache must not answer a get: the caller falls back to the
+    // network and values are delivered once, from the network only.
+    dht::SearchCache searchCache;
+    std::vector<dht::Value::Id> deliveries;
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(200, 0, "A");
+    auto query = std::make_shared<dht::Query>();
+    dht::SyncCallback storedScb;
+
+    auto token = searchCache.listen([](const Values&, bool) { return true; },
+                                    query,
+                                    {},
+                                    [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::Query>&,
+                                        dht::ValueCallback vcb,
+                                        dht::SyncCallback scb) -> size_t {
+                                        storedScb = scb;
+                                        scb(dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+                                        vcb({v1}, false);
+                                        return 1;
+                                    });
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(token != 0);
+
+    bool doneCalled = false;
+    auto gcb = [&](const Values& vals) {
+        for (const auto& v : vals)
+            deliveries.emplace_back(v->id);
+        return true;
+    };
+    auto dcb = [&](bool, const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Node>>&) {
+        doneCalled = true;
+    };
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!searchCache.get({}, query, gcb, dcb));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(deliveries.empty());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!doneCalled);
+
+    // Simulated network reply
+    gcb({v1});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, deliveries.size());
+
+    storedScb(dht::ListenSyncStatus::SYNCED);
+    deliveries.clear();
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(searchCache.get({}, query, gcb, dcb));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(doneCalled);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, deliveries.size());
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testGetEmptySynced()
+{
+    dht::SearchCache searchCache;
+    int getCallCount = 0;
+    bool doneCalled = false;
+    bool doneSuccess = false;
+    auto query = std::make_shared<dht::Query>();
+
+    auto token = searchCache.listen([](const Values&, bool) { return true; },
+                                    query,
+                                    {},
+                                    [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::Query>&,
+                                        dht::ValueCallback,
+                                        dht::SyncCallback scb) -> size_t {
+                                        scb(dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+                                        scb(dht::ListenSyncStatus::SYNCED);
+                                        return 1;
+                                    });
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(token != 0);
+
+    bool result = searchCache.get(
+        {},
+        query,
+        [&](const Values&) {
+            getCallCount++;
+            return true;
+        },
+        [&](bool success, const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Node>>&) {
+            doneCalled = true;
+            doneSuccess = success;
+        });
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(result);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0, getCallCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(doneCalled);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(doneSuccess);
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testGetWithoutCallback()
+{
+    // Dht::query() passes no GetCallback: the cache cannot answer it and
+    // must let the network path run instead of calling an empty function.
+    dht::SearchCache searchCache;
+    auto v1 = makeValue(300, 0, "Q");
+    auto query = std::make_shared<dht::Query>();
+
+    searchCache.listen([](const Values&, bool) { return true; },
+                       query,
+                       {},
+                       [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::Query>&, dht::ValueCallback vcb, dht::SyncCallback scb) -> size_t {
+                           scb(dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+                           vcb({v1}, false);
+                           scb(dht::ListenSyncStatus::SYNCED);
+                           return 1;
+                       });
+
+    bool doneCalled = false;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!searchCache.get({}, query, {}, [&](bool, const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Node>>&) {
+        doneCalled = true;
+    }));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!doneCalled);
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testGetCallbackReturnsFalse()
+{
+    // A consumer returning false means "I have enough", not a failure.
+    dht::SearchCache searchCache;
+    auto v1 = makeValue(1000, 0, "X");
+    auto query = std::make_shared<dht::Query>();
+
+    searchCache.listen([](const Values&, bool) { return true; },
+                       query,
+                       {},
+                       [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::Query>&, dht::ValueCallback vcb, dht::SyncCallback scb) -> size_t {
+                           scb(dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+                           vcb({v1}, false);
+                           scb(dht::ListenSyncStatus::SYNCED);
+                           return 1;
+                       });
+
+    bool doneCalled = false;
+    bool doneSuccess = false;
+    int gcbCallCount = 0;
+    bool result = searchCache.get(
+        {},
+        query,
+        [&](const Values&) {
+            gcbCallCount++;
+            return false;
+        },
+        [&](bool success, const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Node>>&) {
+            doneCalled = true;
+            doneSuccess = success;
+        });
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(result);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, gcbCallCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(doneCalled);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_MESSAGE("Stopping early is reported as success, like the network path", doneSuccess);
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testTimestampOrdering()
+{
+    dht::OpValueCache cache([](const Values&, bool) { return true; });
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(400, 0, "T");
+    auto t1 = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+    auto t2 = t1 + std::chrono::seconds(10);
+
+    cache.onValue({v1}, false, t2);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    cache.onValue({v1}, true, t1);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Stale expiration should be ignored", (size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    cache.onValue({v1}, true, t2);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testSourceDropKeepsValue()
+{
+    // Two per-node ValueCaches feed one Search-level OpCache. When one node
+    // leaves the search (its ValueCache is destroyed, expiring everything it
+    // held) the value must stay visible as long as the other node holds it.
+    std::vector<Event> events;
+    dht::SearchCache searchCache;
+    auto query = std::make_shared<dht::Query>();
+    dht::ValueCallback toOpCache;
+    dht::SyncCallback toOpCacheSync;
+
+    searchCache.listen(recordEvents(events),
+                       query,
+                       {},
+                       [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::Query>&, dht::ValueCallback vcb, dht::SyncCallback scb) -> size_t {
+                           toOpCache = std::move(vcb);
+                           toOpCacheSync = std::move(scb);
+                           return 1;
+                       });
+
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    auto now = dht::clock::now();
+    auto v = makeValue(42, 0, "hello");
+
+    auto makeNodeCache = [&] {
+        return std::make_unique<dht::ValueCache>([&](const Values& vals, bool expired) { toOpCache(vals, expired); },
+                                                 [&](dht::ListenSyncStatus s) { toOpCacheSync(s); });
+    };
+    auto nodeA = makeNodeCache();
+    auto nodeB = makeNodeCache();
+    nodeA->onValues({v}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    nodeA->onSynced(true);
+    nodeB->onValues({v}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    nodeB->onSynced(true);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, false));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, searchCache.get(dht::Value::Filter {}).size());
+
+    nodeA.reset();
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("No expire while another node holds the value", 0u, count(events, true));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, searchCache.get(dht::Value::Filter {}).size());
+
+    nodeB->onValues({v}, {}, {}, types, now + std::chrono::seconds(1));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Refresh from the remaining node is not re-delivered", 1u, count(events, false));
+
+    nodeB.reset();
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Last holder gone: expire once", 1u, count(events, true));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, searchCache.get(dht::Value::Filter {}).size());
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testHighChurnRefCountConsistency()
+{
+    dht::OpValueCache cache([](const Values&, bool) { return true; });
+    auto v = makeValue(800, 0, "CHURN");
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
+        cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+        cache.onValuesAdded({v});
+        cache.onValuesExpired({v});
+        cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::REMOVED);
+    }
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+
+    // Overlapping churn: add A, add B, expire A, expire B
+    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
+        cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+        cache.onValuesAdded({v});
+        cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+        cache.onValuesAdded({v});
+
+        cache.onValuesExpired({v});
+        cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::REMOVED);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Value kept while one source remains", (size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+        cache.onValuesExpired({v});
+        cache.onNodeChanged(dht::ListenSyncStatus::REMOVED);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+    }
+
+    // Extra expirations from sources that never added must be no-ops
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v});
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testValueUpdateSingleSourcePhantom()
+{
+    // Editing a value (same id, higher seq) is delivered as a single add of
+    // the new version, without a phantom expiration of the old one.
+    std::vector<Event> events;
+    dht::OpValueCache cache(recordEvents(events));
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(700, 1, "OLD");
+    auto v2 = makeValue(700, 2, "NEW");
+
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1});
+    events.clear();
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v2});
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, events.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!events[0].expired);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(v2->id, events[0].id);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(v2->seq, cache.get(700)->seq);
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testExpireAfterUpdate()
+{
+    std::vector<Event> events;
+    dht::OpValueCache cache(recordEvents(events));
+
+    auto v1 = makeValue(1200, 1, "V1");
+    auto v2 = makeValue(1200, 5, "V2");
+
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1});
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v2});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(v2->seq, cache.get(1200)->seq);
+
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v2});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, true));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Expired value should be the updated one", v2->seq, events.back().seq);
+
+    // Once gone, an older version is accepted again
+    cache.onValuesAdded({v1});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(v1->seq, cache.get(1200)->seq);
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testSingleSourceMode()
+{
+    // Single-source caches (proxy client) get the same values re-delivered
+    // on refresh: duplicates must not be counted, one expire removes.
+    std::vector<Event> events;
+    dht::OpValueCache cache(recordEvents(events), false);
+    auto v = makeValue(1100, 0, "DUP");
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+        cache.onValuesAdded({v});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, false));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, true));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+
+    cache.onValuesExpired({v});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, true));
+}
+
+void
+OpCacheTester::testSingleSourceModeSearchCache()
+{
+    std::vector<Event> events;
+    dht::SearchCache searchCache(false);
+    auto query = std::make_shared<dht::Query>();
+    dht::ValueCallback vcbStored;
+
+    searchCache.listen(recordEvents(events),
+                       query,
+                       {},
+                       [&](const std::shared_ptr<dht::Query>&, dht::ValueCallback vcb, dht::SyncCallback) -> size_t {
+                           vcbStored = std::move(vcb);
+                           return 1;
+                       });
+
+    auto v = makeValue(1300, 0, "S");
+    vcbStored({v}, false);
+    vcbStored({v}, false); // re-delivery after listen restart
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, false));
+
+    vcbStored({v}, true);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1u, count(events, true));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, searchCache.get(dht::Value::Filter {}).size());
+}
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cppunit/TestFixture.h>
+#include <cppunit/extensions/HelperMacros.h>
+
+namespace test {
+
+class OpCacheTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
+{
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(OpCacheTester);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testBasicAddExpire);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testMultipleSources);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testEditResetsRefCount);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testEditChainMultiSource);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testStaleAddIgnored);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testStaleExpireIgnored);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCallbacks);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testFilters);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSyncStatus);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGetWhileSynced);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGetWhileNotSynced);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGetEmptySynced);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGetWithoutCallback);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGetCallbackReturnsFalse);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testTimestampOrdering);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSourceDropKeepsValue);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testHighChurnRefCountConsistency);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testValueUpdateSingleSourcePhantom);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testExpireAfterUpdate);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSingleSourceMode);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSingleSourceModeSearchCache);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
+
+public:
+    void setUp();
+    void tearDown();
+
+    void testBasicAddExpire();
+    void testMultipleSources();
+    void testEditResetsRefCount();
+    void testEditChainMultiSource();
+    void testStaleAddIgnored();
+    void testStaleExpireIgnored();
+    void testCallbacks();
+    void testFilters();
+    void testSyncStatus();
+    void testGetWhileSynced();
+    void testGetWhileNotSynced();
+    void testGetEmptySynced();
+    void testGetWithoutCallback();
+    void testGetCallbackReturnsFalse();
+    void testTimestampOrdering();
+    void testSourceDropKeepsValue();
+    void testHighChurnRefCountConsistency();
+    void testValueUpdateSingleSourcePhantom();
+    void testExpireAfterUpdate();
+    void testSingleSourceMode();
+    void testSingleSourceModeSearchCache();
+};
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -0,0 +1,638 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include "test_parsedmessage.h"
+
+#include "opendht/value.h"
+#include "opendht/node.h"
+#include "opendht/utils.h"
+
+#include "../src/parsed_message.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <limits>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace test {
+CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(ParsedMessageTester);
+
+using namespace dht;
+using namespace dht::net;
+
+static constexpr size_t TEST_MTU {1280};
+
+// Helper: create a ParsedMessage with a single value_parts entry of given total_size
+static ParsedMessage
+makeHeader(unsigned index, size_t total_size)
+{
+    ParsedMessage msg;
+    msg.value_parts[index].total_size = total_size;
+    return msg;
+}
+
+// Helper: create a ParsedMessage fragment (as if parsed from ValueData)
+static ParsedMessage
+makeFragment(unsigned index, size_t offset, const Blob& data)
+{
+    ParsedMessage frag;
+    frag.fragment_parts[index] = {offset, data};
+    return frag;
+}
+
+// Helper: serialize a Value to a Blob
+static Blob
+serializeValue(const std::string& data)
+{
+    auto val = std::make_shared<Value>((const uint8_t*) data.data(), data.size());
+    return packMsg(val);
+}
+
+static ParsedMessage
+parsePackedMessage(msgpack::sbuffer& buffer)
+{
+    auto msg = msgpack::unpack(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ParsedMessage parsed;
+    parsed.msgpack_unpack(msg.get());
+    return parsed;
+}
+
+static ParsedMessage
+makeReplyHeaderPacket(Tid tid, const std::vector<size_t>& valueSizes)
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(3);
+    pk.pack(KEY_R);
+    pk.pack_map(1);
+    pk.pack(KEY_REQ_VALUES);
+    pk.pack_array(valueSizes.size());
+    for (const auto& size : valueSizes)
+        pk.pack(size);
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(tid);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_R);
+
+    return parsePackedMessage(buffer);
+}
+
+static ParsedMessage
+makeValueDataPacket(Tid tid, unsigned index, size_t offset, const Blob& data)
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(3);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_V);
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(tid);
+    pk.pack(KEY_V);
+    pk.pack_map(1);
+    pk.pack(index);
+    pk.pack_map(2);
+    pk.pack("o");
+    pk.pack(offset);
+    pk.pack("d");
+    pk.pack_bin(data.size());
+    pk.pack_bin_body((const char*) data.data(), data.size());
+
+    return parsePackedMessage(buffer);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::setUp()
+{}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::tearDown()
+{}
+
+// --- append tests ---
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendInOrder()
+{
+    Blob full = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, full.size());
+
+    // Send first half, then second half
+    Blob part1(full.begin(), full.begin() + 3);
+    Blob part2(full.begin() + 3, full.end());
+
+    auto frag1 = makeFragment(0, 0, part1);
+    auto frag2 = makeFragment(0, 3, part2);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(frag1));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(frag2));
+
+    auto& pv = msg.value_parts[0];
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(pv.isComplete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(full.size(), pv.received_bytes);
+
+    auto reassembled = pv.reassemble();
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(reassembled == full);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendOutOfOrder()
+{
+    Blob full = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60};
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, full.size());
+
+    Blob part1(full.begin(), full.begin() + 2);     // [0..2)
+    Blob part2(full.begin() + 2, full.begin() + 4); // [2..4)
+    Blob part3(full.begin() + 4, full.end());       // [4..6)
+
+    // Send in order: part3, part1, part2
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 4, part3)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, part1)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 2, part2)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+
+    auto reassembled = msg.value_parts[0].reassemble();
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(reassembled == full);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendReverseOrder()
+{
+    Blob full = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, full.size());
+
+    // 4 fragments of 2 bytes each, sent in reverse
+    for (int i = 3; i >= 0; --i) {
+        size_t offset = i * 2;
+        Blob part(full.begin() + offset, full.begin() + offset + 2);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, offset, part)));
+    }
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].reassemble() == full);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendDuplicateFragment()
+{
+    Blob full = {1, 2, 3, 4};
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, full.size());
+
+    Blob part1(full.begin(), full.begin() + 2);
+    Blob part2(full.begin() + 2, full.end());
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, part1)));
+    // Duplicate of first fragment should be rejected
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, part1)));
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 2, part2)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 4, msg.value_parts[0].received_bytes);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendOverlappingFragments()
+{
+    Blob full = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, full.size());
+
+    // Fragment [0..3)
+    Blob part1(full.begin(), full.begin() + 3);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, part1)));
+
+    // Overlapping fragment [2..5) should be rejected
+    Blob overlap(full.begin() + 2, full.begin() + 5);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.append(makeFragment(0, 2, overlap)));
+
+    // Non-overlapping fragment [3..6) should succeed
+    Blob part2(full.begin() + 3, full.end());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 3, part2)));
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].reassemble() == full);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendFragmentBeyondTotal()
+{
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, 4);
+
+    // Fragment at offset 3 with 2 bytes goes beyond total_size of 4
+    Blob data = {1, 2};
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.append(makeFragment(0, 3, data)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, msg.value_parts[0].received_bytes);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendEmptyFragment()
+{
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, 4);
+
+    Blob empty;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, empty)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, msg.value_parts[0].received_bytes);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendUnknownIndex()
+{
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, 10);
+
+    // Fragment for index 1 which doesn't exist in value_parts
+    Blob data = {1, 2, 3};
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.append(makeFragment(1, 0, data)));
+    // Index 0 should be untouched
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, msg.value_parts[0].received_bytes);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendAlreadyComplete()
+{
+    Blob full = {1, 2, 3, 4};
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, full.size());
+
+    // Complete the value
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, full)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+
+    // Further fragment should be rejected
+    Blob extra = {5, 6};
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, extra)));
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendOverflowingOffset()
+{
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, 4);
+
+    Blob data = {1};
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.append(makeFragment(0, std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max(), data)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, msg.value_parts[0].received_bytes);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testParseRejectsNonMapPacket()
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+    pk.pack_array(1);
+    pk.pack(42);
+
+    auto msg = msgpack::unpack(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ParsedMessage parsed;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_THROW(parsed.msgpack_unpack(msg.get()), msgpack::type_error);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testParseRejectsInvalidValueDataPayload()
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(3);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_V);
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(1u);
+    pk.pack(KEY_V);
+    pk.pack_array(1);
+    pk.pack(42);
+
+    auto msg = msgpack::unpack(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ParsedMessage parsed;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_THROW(parsed.msgpack_unpack(msg.get()), msgpack::type_error);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testParseRejectsInvalidValuesField()
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(3);
+    pk.pack(KEY_R);
+    pk.pack_map(1);
+    pk.pack(KEY_REQ_VALUES);
+    pk.pack("invalid");
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(1u);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_R);
+
+    auto msg = msgpack::unpack(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ParsedMessage parsed;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_THROW(parsed.msgpack_unpack(msg.get()), msgpack::type_error);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testParseRejectsEmptyFieldSelection()
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(3);
+    pk.pack(KEY_R);
+    pk.pack_map(1);
+    pk.pack(KEY_REQ_FIELDS);
+    pk.pack_map(2);
+    pk.pack("f");
+    pk.pack_array(0);
+    pk.pack("v");
+    pk.pack_array(0);
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(1u);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_R);
+
+    auto msg = msgpack::unpack(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ParsedMessage parsed;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_THROW(parsed.msgpack_unpack(msg.get()), msgpack::type_error);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testParseRejectsEmptyErrorArray()
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(3);
+    pk.pack(KEY_E);
+    pk.pack_array(0);
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(1u);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_E);
+
+    auto msg = msgpack::unpack(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ParsedMessage parsed;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_THROW(parsed.msgpack_unpack(msg.get()), msgpack::type_error);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testParseRejectsNonMapRequest()
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(4);
+    pk.pack(KEY_A);
+    pk.pack_array(2);
+    pk.pack(1u);
+    pk.pack(2u);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Q);
+    pk.pack(QUERY_PING);
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(1u);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack("q");
+
+    auto msg = msgpack::unpack(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ParsedMessage parsed;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_THROW(parsed.msgpack_unpack(msg.get()), msgpack::type_error);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testParseErrorOnlyMessageKeepsRequestFieldsEmpty()
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    // An error message with no request map: the error array must not be walked
+    // as if it were a sequence of key/value pairs.
+    pk.pack_map(3);
+    pk.pack(KEY_E);
+    pk.pack_array(2);
+    pk.pack(401u);
+    pk.pack("unauthorized");
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(9u);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_E);
+
+    auto msg = msgpack::unpack(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ParsedMessage parsed;
+    parsed.msgpack_unpack(msg.get());
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(parsed.type == MessageType::Error);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((uint16_t) 401, parsed.error_code);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(not parsed.id);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(parsed.token.empty());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(parsed.values.empty());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(parsed.nodes4_raw.empty());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(parsed.nodes6_raw.empty());
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testParseIgnoresIncompleteValueDataEntry()
+{
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+
+    pk.pack_map(3);
+    pk.pack(KEY_Y);
+    pk.pack(KEY_V);
+    pk.pack(KEY_TID);
+    pk.pack(1u);
+    pk.pack(KEY_V);
+    pk.pack_map(1);
+    pk.pack(0u);
+    pk.pack_map(1);
+    pk.pack("o");
+    pk.pack(0u);
+
+    auto msg = msgpack::unpack(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ParsedMessage parsed;
+    parsed.msgpack_unpack(msg.get());
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(parsed.fragment_parts.empty());
+}
+
+// --- complete tests ---
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testCompleteEmpty()
+{
+    // No value_parts at all — should be trivially complete
+    ParsedMessage msg;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.complete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.values.empty());
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testCompleteIncomplete()
+{
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, 100);
+    Blob partial = {1, 2, 3};
+    msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, partial));
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.complete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.values.empty());
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testCompleteZeroSizedValue()
+{
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, 0);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!msg.complete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.values.empty());
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testCompleteSingleValue()
+{
+    std::string data = "hello world";
+    auto serialized = serializeValue(data);
+
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, serialized.size());
+    msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, serialized));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.complete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, msg.values.size());
+
+    std::string recovered(msg.values[0]->data.begin(), msg.values[0]->data.end());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(data, recovered);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testCompleteMultipleValues()
+{
+    std::string data1 = "first value";
+    std::string data2 = "second value";
+    auto ser1 = serializeValue(data1);
+    auto ser2 = serializeValue(data2);
+
+    ParsedMessage msg;
+    msg.value_parts[0].total_size = ser1.size();
+    msg.value_parts[1].total_size = ser2.size();
+
+    msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, ser1));
+    msg.append(makeFragment(1, 0, ser2));
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.complete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 2, msg.values.size());
+
+    std::string r1(msg.values[0]->data.begin(), msg.values[0]->data.end());
+    std::string r2(msg.values[1]->data.begin(), msg.values[1]->data.end());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(data1, r1);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(data2, r2);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testCompleteReassemblyOrder()
+{
+    // Verify that out-of-order fragments produce correct reassembly
+    std::string data = "test data for fragmentation";
+    auto serialized = serializeValue(data);
+
+    auto msg = makeHeader(0, serialized.size());
+
+    // Split into 3 fragments and send out of order
+    size_t chunk = serialized.size() / 3;
+    Blob frag1(serialized.begin(), serialized.begin() + chunk);
+    Blob frag2(serialized.begin() + chunk, serialized.begin() + 2 * chunk);
+    Blob frag3(serialized.begin() + 2 * chunk, serialized.end());
+
+    // Send: third, first, second
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 2 * chunk, frag3)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, frag1)));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, chunk, frag2)));
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.complete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, msg.values.size());
+
+    std::string recovered(msg.values[0]->data.begin(), msg.values[0]->data.end());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(data, recovered);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testAppendMultipleValuesOutOfOrder()
+{
+    // Two values, both fragmented, fragments interleaved and out of order
+    Blob val1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};
+    Blob val2 = {10, 20, 30, 40};
+
+    ParsedMessage msg;
+    msg.value_parts[0].total_size = val1.size();
+    msg.value_parts[1].total_size = val2.size();
+
+    // val2 second half
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(1, 2, Blob {30, 40})));
+    // val1 last third
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 4, Blob {5, 6})));
+    // val2 first half
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(1, 0, Blob {10, 20})));
+    // val1 first third
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 0, Blob {1, 2})));
+    // val1 middle third
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(makeFragment(0, 2, Blob {3, 4})));
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[1].isComplete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].reassemble() == val1);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[1].reassemble() == val2);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testReceiveLargeFragmentedValue()
+{
+    std::string data(TEST_MTU * 3, 'x');
+    auto serialized = serializeValue(data);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(serialized.size() > TEST_MTU);
+
+    auto msg = makeReplyHeaderPacket(1, {serialized.size()});
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, msg.value_parts.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(serialized.size(), msg.value_parts[0].total_size);
+
+    for (size_t offset = 0; offset < serialized.size(); offset += TEST_MTU) {
+        auto end = std::min(offset + TEST_MTU, serialized.size());
+        Blob fragment(serialized.begin() + offset, serialized.begin() + end);
+        auto packet = makeValueDataPacket(1, 0, offset, fragment);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(packet));
+    }
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.complete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, msg.values.size());
+
+    std::string recovered(msg.values[0]->data.begin(), msg.values[0]->data.end());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(data, recovered);
+}
+
+void
+ParsedMessageTester::testReceiveLargeFragmentedValueOutOfOrder()
+{
+    std::string data(TEST_MTU * 3 + 117, 'y');
+    auto serialized = serializeValue(data);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(serialized.size() > TEST_MTU);
+
+    auto msg = makeReplyHeaderPacket(7, {serialized.size()});
+    std::vector<ParsedMessage> packets;
+    for (size_t offset = 0; offset < serialized.size(); offset += TEST_MTU) {
+        auto end = std::min(offset + TEST_MTU, serialized.size());
+        Blob fragment(serialized.begin() + offset, serialized.begin() + end);
+        packets.emplace_back(makeValueDataPacket(7, 0, offset, fragment));
+    }
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(packets.size() >= 3);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(packets.back()));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(packets.front()));
+    for (size_t i = 1; i + 1 < packets.size(); ++i)
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.append(packets[i]));
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.value_parts[0].isComplete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(msg.complete());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, msg.values.size());
+
+    std::string recovered(msg.values[0]->data.begin(), msg.values[0]->data.end());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(data, recovered);
+}
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+
+// cppunit
+#include <cppunit/TestFixture.h>
+#include <cppunit/extensions/HelperMacros.h>
+
+namespace test {
+
+class ParsedMessageTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
+{
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(ParsedMessageTester);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendInOrder);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendOutOfOrder);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendReverseOrder);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendDuplicateFragment);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendOverlappingFragments);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendFragmentBeyondTotal);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendEmptyFragment);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendUnknownIndex);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendAlreadyComplete);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendOverflowingOffset);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testParseRejectsNonMapPacket);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testParseRejectsInvalidValueDataPayload);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testParseRejectsInvalidValuesField);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testParseRejectsEmptyFieldSelection);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testParseRejectsEmptyErrorArray);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testParseRejectsNonMapRequest);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testParseErrorOnlyMessageKeepsRequestFieldsEmpty);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testParseIgnoresIncompleteValueDataEntry);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCompleteEmpty);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCompleteIncomplete);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCompleteZeroSizedValue);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCompleteSingleValue);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCompleteMultipleValues);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testCompleteReassemblyOrder);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testAppendMultipleValuesOutOfOrder);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testReceiveLargeFragmentedValue);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testReceiveLargeFragmentedValueOutOfOrder);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
+
+public:
+    void setUp();
+    void tearDown();
+
+    void testAppendInOrder();
+    void testAppendOutOfOrder();
+    void testAppendReverseOrder();
+    void testAppendDuplicateFragment();
+    void testAppendOverlappingFragments();
+    void testAppendFragmentBeyondTotal();
+    void testAppendEmptyFragment();
+    void testAppendUnknownIndex();
+    void testAppendAlreadyComplete();
+    void testAppendOverflowingOffset();
+    void testParseRejectsNonMapPacket();
+    void testParseRejectsInvalidValueDataPayload();
+    void testParseRejectsInvalidValuesField();
+    void testParseRejectsEmptyFieldSelection();
+    void testParseRejectsEmptyErrorArray();
+    void testParseRejectsNonMapRequest();
+    void testParseErrorOnlyMessageKeepsRequestFieldsEmpty();
+    void testParseIgnoresIncompleteValueDataEntry();
+    void testCompleteEmpty();
+    void testCompleteIncomplete();
+    void testCompleteZeroSizedValue();
+    void testCompleteSingleValue();
+    void testCompleteMultipleValues();
+    void testCompleteReassemblyOrder();
+    void testAppendMultipleValuesOutOfOrder();
+    void testReceiveLargeFragmentedValue();
+    void testReceiveLargeFragmentedValueOutOfOrder();
+};
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-#include "peerdiscoverytester.h"
+#include "test_peerdiscovery.h"
 #include "opendht/value.h"

 #include <mutex>
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ PeerDiscoveryTester::testMulticastToTwoNodes()
    unsigned countDht {0};
    unsigned countJami {0};
    {
-        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(lock);
+        std::unique_lock l(lock);
        dht::PeerDiscovery testDht(MULTICAST_PORT);
        dht::PeerDiscovery testJami(MULTICAST_PORT);

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ PeerDiscoveryTester::testMulticastToTwoNodes()
            CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(dhtNode.nodeid, v.nodeid);
            CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(dhtNode.nid, v.nid);
            {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(lock);
+                std::lock_guard l(lock);
                countDht++;
            }
            cv.notify_all();
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ PeerDiscoveryTester::testMulticastToTwoNodes()
            CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(jamiNode.cha, v.cha);
            CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(jamiNode.str, v.str);
            {
-                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(lock);
+                std::lock_guard l(lock);
                countJami++;
            }
            cv.notify_all();
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-#include "storagetester.h"
+#include "test_storage.h"

 #include <opendht/thread_pool.h>

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-#include "threadpooltester.h"
+#include "test_threadpool.h"

 #include "opendht/thread_pool.h"
 #include <atomic>
@@ -80,6 +80,46 @@ ThreadPoolTester::testContext()
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(N, count.load());
 }

+void
+ThreadPoolTester::testJoinNonEmptyTaskQueue()
+{
+    dht::ThreadPool pool(2);
+
+    constexpr unsigned N = 128;
+    std::atomic_uint count {0};
+
+    // Schedule enough work so that the task queue is non-empty when calling
+    // pool.join() below.
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; i++)
+        pool.run([&] {
+            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
+            count++;
+        });
+
+    std::atomic_bool joined {false};
+    std::condition_variable cv;
+    std::thread joinThread([&] {
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(count.load() < N);
+        pool.join();
+        joined = true;
+        cv.notify_one();
+    });
+
+    // After calling join(), all pending tasks should complete, and then all
+    // threads in the pool should join.
+    std::mutex mtx;
+    std::unique_lock lock(mtx);
+    bool poolJoined = cv.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(10), [&] { return joined.load(); });
+    if (!poolJoined) {
+        // Detach joinThread if we timed out, otherwise the test can crash.
+        joinThread.detach();
+    } else {
+        joinThread.join();
+    }
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Some tasks were not completed", N, count.load());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_MESSAGE("Thread pool failed to join before timeout", poolJoined);
+}
+
 void
 ThreadPoolTester::tearDown()
 {}
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ class ThreadPoolTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testThreadPool);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testExecutor);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testContext);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testJoinNonEmptyTaskQueue);
    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();

 public:
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ public:
    void testThreadPool();
    void testExecutor();
    void testContext();
+    void testJoinNonEmptyTaskQueue();
 };

 } // namespace test
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include "test_value.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+// opendht
+#include "opendht/value.h"
+#include "opendht/crypto.h"
+#include <msgpack.hpp>
+
+namespace test {
+CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(ValueTester);
+
+void
+ValueTester::setUp()
+{}
+
+void
+ValueTester::testConstructors()
+{
+    std::string the_data {"42 cats"};
+    dht::Value the_dht_value {(const uint8_t*) the_data.data(), the_data.size()};
+    std::string from_value {the_dht_value.data.begin(), the_dht_value.data.end()};
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(the_data, from_value);
+}
+
+void
+ValueTester::testFilter()
+{
+    dht::Value::Filter defaultFiler {};
+
+    auto isPairSize = dht::Value::Filter([](const dht::Value& v) { return v.data.size() % 2 == 0; });
+
+    auto isUserTypeTest = dht::Value::Filter([](const dht::Value& v) { return v.user_type == "test"; });
+
+    std::string data1 {"42 cats"};
+    dht::Value value1 {(const uint8_t*) data1.data(), data1.size()};
+    value1.user_type = "test";
+
+    std::string data2 {"420 cats"};
+    dht::Value value2 {(const uint8_t*) data2.data(), data2.size()};
+    dht::Value value3 {(const uint8_t*) data2.data(), data2.size()};
+    value3.user_type = "test";
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!isPairSize(value1));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(isUserTypeTest(value1));
+
+    auto isBoth = dht::Value::Filter::chain(isPairSize, isUserTypeTest);
+    auto isUserTypeTest2 = dht::Value::Filter::chain(defaultFiler, isUserTypeTest);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(isUserTypeTest2(value1));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!isUserTypeTest2(value2));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!isBoth(value1));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!isBoth(value2));
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(isBoth(value3));
+}
+
+void
+ValueTester::tearDown()
+{}
+
+void
+ValueTester::testPushTypeMsgpackRoundTrip()
+{
+    dht::Value original {(const uint8_t*) "hello", 5};
+    original.id = 42;
+    original.priority = 3;
+    original.pushType = "audioCall";
+
+    msgpack::sbuffer buffer;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk(&buffer);
+    original.msgpack_pack(pk);
+
+    msgpack::unpacked msg;
+    msgpack::unpack(msg, buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    dht::Value restored(msg.get());
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(original.id, restored.id);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(original.priority, restored.priority);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(original.pushType, restored.pushType);
+}
+
+void
+ValueTester::testPushTypeAbsentAfterUnpack()
+{
+    dht::Value withPt {(const uint8_t*) "data", 4};
+    withPt.id = 1;
+    withPt.pushType = "videoCall";
+    withPt.priority = 2;
+
+    msgpack::sbuffer buf1;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk1(&buf1);
+    withPt.msgpack_pack(pk1);
+
+    msgpack::unpacked msg1;
+    msgpack::unpack(msg1, buf1.data(), buf1.size());
+
+    dht::Value reused;
+    reused.msgpack_unpack(msg1.get());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(std::string("videoCall"), reused.pushType);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2u, reused.priority);
+
+    dht::Value plain {(const uint8_t*) "data", 4};
+    plain.id = 2;
+
+    msgpack::sbuffer buf2;
+    msgpack::packer<msgpack::sbuffer> pk2(&buf2);
+    plain.msgpack_pack(pk2);
+
+    msgpack::unpacked msg2;
+    msgpack::unpack(msg2, buf2.data(), buf2.size());
+
+    reused.msgpack_unpack(msg2.get());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(std::string(), reused.pushType);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0u, reused.priority);
+}
+
+void
+ValueTester::testPushTypePreservedAfterEncrypt()
+{
+    auto key = dht::crypto::PrivateKey::generate();
+    const auto& pubkey = key.getPublicKey();
+
+    dht::Value original {(const uint8_t*) "secret", 6};
+    original.id = 99;
+    original.priority = 1;
+    original.pushType = "audioCall";
+
+    auto encrypted = original.encrypt(key, pubkey);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(original.pushType, encrypted.pushType);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(original.priority, encrypted.priority);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(original.id, encrypted.id);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(encrypted.isEncrypted());
+}
+
+void
+ValueTester::testPushTypeJsonRoundTrip()
+{
+#ifdef OPENDHT_JSONCPP
+    dht::Value original {(const uint8_t*) "hello", 5};
+    original.id = 42;
+    original.priority = 1;
+    original.pushType = "videoCall";
+
+    dht::Value restored(original.toJson());
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(original.id, restored.id);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(original.priority, restored.priority);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(original.pushType, restored.pushType);
+
+    // No pushType: the field must stay absent from the JSON and empty after parse.
+    dht::Value plain {(const uint8_t*) "data", 4};
+    plain.id = 7;
+    auto json = plain.toJson();
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!json.isMember("pt"));
+    dht::Value plainRestored(json);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(std::string(), plainRestored.pushType);
+#endif
+}
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ class ValueTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(ValueTester);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testConstructors);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testFilter);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPushTypeMsgpackRoundTrip);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPushTypeAbsentAfterUnpack);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPushTypePreservedAfterEncrypt);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testPushTypeJsonRoundTrip);
    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();

 public:
@@ -32,6 +36,10 @@ public:
     * Test compare operators
     */
    void testFilter();
+    void testPushTypeMsgpackRoundTrip();
+    void testPushTypeAbsentAfterUnpack();
+    void testPushTypePreservedAfterEncrypt();
+    void testPushTypeJsonRoundTrip();
 };

 } // namespace test
@@ -0,0 +1,560 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include "test_valuecache.h"
+#include "../src/value_cache.h"
+
+namespace test {
+CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(ValueCacheTester);
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::setUp()
+{}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::tearDown()
+{}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testUpdate()
+{
+    int addCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (!expired)
+            addCount += vals.size();
+    });
+
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 1;
+    v1->seq = 1;
+    v1->data = {'A'};
+
+    auto v2 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v2->id = 1;
+    v2->seq = 2;
+    v2->data = {'B'};
+
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+    // Add v1
+    cache.onValues({v1}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, addCount);
+
+    // Update v1 -> v2
+    cache.onValues({v2}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Callback should be called for update", 2, addCount);
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testUpdateExpiration()
+{
+    int addCount = 0;
+    int expireCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (expired)
+            expireCount += vals.size();
+        else
+            addCount += vals.size();
+    });
+
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 1;
+    v1->seq = 1;
+    v1->data = {'A'};
+
+    auto v2 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v2->id = 1;
+    v2->seq = 2;
+    v2->data = {'B'};
+
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+    // Add v1
+    cache.onValues({v1}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, addCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0, expireCount);
+
+    // Update v1 -> v2: only the new value is emitted as an add,
+    // no expire callback for the old value.
+    cache.onValues({v2}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2, addCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("No expire callback on edit", 0, expireCount);
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testExpiration()
+{
+    int expireCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (expired)
+            expireCount += vals.size();
+    });
+
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 10;
+    v1->data = {'A'};
+
+    // Default expiration is 10 minutes
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    cache.onValues({v1}, {}, {}, types, now);
+
+    // Advance time past expiration
+    auto future = now + std::chrono::minutes(11);
+
+    // expireValues returns next expiration time
+    cache.expireValues(future);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testRefresh()
+{
+    int expireCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (expired)
+            expireCount += vals.size();
+    });
+
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 20;
+    v1->data = {'B'};
+
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    cache.onValues({v1}, {}, {}, types, now);
+
+    // Refresh at +5 mins
+    auto later = now + std::chrono::minutes(5);
+    cache.onValues({}, {v1->id}, {}, types, later);
+
+    // Should not expire at +11 mins (original expiration was +10, so +10 from start)
+    // But refresh should extend it to +10 from 'later' = +15 from start.
+
+    auto checkTime = now + std::chrono::minutes(11);
+    cache.expireValues(checkTime);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    // Should expire at +16 mins
+    auto future = now + std::chrono::minutes(16);
+    cache.expireValues(future);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, expireCount);
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testExplicitExpiration()
+{
+    int expireCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (expired)
+            expireCount += vals.size();
+    });
+
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 30;
+    v1->data = {'C'};
+
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    cache.onValues({v1}, {}, {}, types, now);
+
+    cache.onValues({}, {}, {v1->id}, types, now);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testClear()
+{
+    dht::ValueCache cache([](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>&, bool) {});
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 1;
+    auto v2 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v2->id = 2;
+
+    cache.onValues({v1, v2}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 2, cache.size());
+
+    auto cbs = cache.clear();
+    // Execute callbacks
+    for (auto& cb : cbs)
+        cb();
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testSyncStatus()
+{
+    std::vector<dht::ListenSyncStatus> statuses;
+    {
+        dht::ValueCache cache([](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>&, bool) {},
+                              [&](dht::ListenSyncStatus status) { statuses.push_back(status); });
+
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, statuses.size());
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(statuses.back() == dht::ListenSyncStatus::ADDED);
+
+        cache.onSynced(true);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 2, statuses.size());
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(statuses.back() == dht::ListenSyncStatus::SYNCED);
+
+        // Calling onSynced(true) again should not trigger the callback
+        cache.onSynced(true);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 2, statuses.size());
+
+        cache.onSynced(false);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 3, statuses.size());
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(statuses.back() == dht::ListenSyncStatus::UNSYNCED);
+
+        // Calling onSynced(false) again should not trigger the callback
+        cache.onSynced(false);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 3, statuses.size());
+
+        // Set to synced before destruction to test UNSYNCED on destruction
+        cache.onSynced(true);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 4, statuses.size());
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT(statuses.back() == dht::ListenSyncStatus::SYNCED);
+    }
+
+    // Destructor should have been called
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 6, statuses.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(statuses[4] == dht::ListenSyncStatus::UNSYNCED);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(statuses[5] == dht::ListenSyncStatus::REMOVED);
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testMaxValues()
+{
+    dht::ValueCache cache([](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>&, bool) {});
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+    // MAX_VALUES is 4096
+    for (int i = 0; i < 4100; ++i) {
+        auto v = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+        v->id = (dht::Value::Id) i + 1;
+        cache.onValues({v}, {}, {}, types, now + std::chrono::milliseconds(i));
+    }
+
+    // Should be capped at 4096
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 4096, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testUpdateTypeExpiration()
+{
+    // Test that when a value is updated with a different type, the expiration
+    // uses the new type's expiration period, not the old one.
+    int addCount = 0;
+    int expireCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (expired)
+            expireCount += vals.size();
+        else
+            addCount += vals.size();
+    });
+
+    // Register a custom type with a short expiration (2 minutes)
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    dht::ValueType shortType(42, "short", std::chrono::minutes(2));
+    types.registerType(shortType);
+
+    // Register a custom type with a long expiration (30 minutes)
+    dht::ValueType longType(99, "long", std::chrono::minutes(30));
+    types.registerType(longType);
+
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 1;
+    v1->type = 42; // short type: 2 min expiration
+    v1->data = {'A'};
+
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+    // Add v1 with short type
+    cache.onValues({v1}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, addCount);
+
+    // Update with new type (long expiration)
+    auto v2 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v2->id = 1;
+    v2->seq = 1;
+    v2->type = 99; // long type: 30 min expiration
+    v2->data = {'B'};
+
+    cache.onValues({v2}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2, addCount);
+
+    // At +3 minutes: should NOT be expired (long type has 30 min expiration)
+    // Before the fix, the old type (2 min) would be used, causing expiration here
+    expireCount = 0;
+    auto at3min = now + std::chrono::minutes(3);
+    cache.expireValues(at3min);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Value updated to long-expiry type should NOT expire at 3 min", 0, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    // At +31 minutes: should be expired
+    auto at31min = now + std::chrono::minutes(31);
+    cache.expireValues(at31min);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testSameSeqEditIgnored()
+{
+    // Like OpValueCache, an edit is only recognized by an increasing seq:
+    // a different payload with the same seq is a refresh, not an edit.
+    int addCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (!expired)
+            addCount += vals.size();
+    });
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 1;
+    v1->seq = 3;
+    v1->data = {'A'};
+    cache.onValues({v1}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, addCount);
+
+    auto sameSeq = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    sameSeq->id = 1;
+    sameSeq->seq = 3;
+    sameSeq->data = {'B'};
+    cache.onValues({sameSeq}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, addCount);
+
+    auto older = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    older->id = 1;
+    older->seq = 2;
+    older->data = {'C'};
+    cache.onValues({older}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, addCount);
+
+    auto newer = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    newer->id = 1;
+    newer->seq = 4;
+    newer->data = {'D'};
+    cache.onValues({newer}, {}, {}, types, now);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2, addCount);
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testShortExpirationRefreshLost()
+{
+    // Demonstrates that a value with a short expiration type survives
+    // past its nominal expiration when the listen is synced, thanks to
+    // a proportional grace period (= typeExpiration).
+    //
+    // For a 5s type:  effective expiration when synced = expiration + 5s = 10s
+    //
+    // Scenario:
+    //   t=0 : Value V added → nominal expiration t+5s, effective t+10s
+    //   t=6 : Past nominal but within grace → alive
+    //   t=8 : Refresh arrives → V refreshed → expiration reset to t8+5s, effective t8+10s=t18s
+    //   t=14: Still alive (within refreshed effective range)
+    //   t=20: No more refreshes → past t8+10s=t18s → expired
+
+    int addCount = 0;
+    int expireCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (expired)
+            expireCount += vals.size();
+        else
+            addCount += vals.size();
+    });
+
+    // Register a type with a very short expiration (5 seconds)
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    dht::ValueType shortType(100, "short_lived", std::chrono::seconds(5));
+    types.registerType(shortType);
+
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 1;
+    v1->type = 100;
+    v1->data = {'V'};
+
+    auto t0 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+    // t=0: Listen response arrives with V
+    cache.onValues({v1}, {}, {}, types, t0);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(1, addCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    // Mark cache as synced (listen is active)
+    cache.onSynced(true);
+
+    // t=6: Past nominal 5s expiration, but grace (5s) gives effective 10s
+    auto t6 = t0 + std::chrono::seconds(6);
+    cache.expireValues(t6);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Value should survive past nominal expiration thanks to proportional grace",
+                                 0,
+                                 expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    // t=8: Value refresh arrives → expiration reset to t8+5s=t13s, effective t8+10s=t18s
+    auto t8 = t0 + std::chrono::seconds(8);
+    cache.onValues({}, {v1->id}, {}, types, t8);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    // t=14: Within refreshed effective range (t18s) → alive
+    auto t14 = t0 + std::chrono::seconds(14);
+    cache.expireValues(t14);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Value should survive past short expiration after refresh", 0, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    // t=20: No more refreshes → past effective t18s → must expire
+    auto t20 = t0 + std::chrono::seconds(20);
+    cache.expireValues(t20);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Value must eventually expire even while synced if server stops refreshing",
+                                 1,
+                                 expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testShortExpirationHighChurn()
+{
+    // Simulates high churn: multiple rapid add/expire/refresh cycles with
+    // short-lived values, verifying the cache stays consistent.
+
+    int addCount = 0;
+    int expireCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (expired)
+            expireCount += vals.size();
+        else
+            addCount += vals.size();
+    });
+
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    dht::ValueType shortType(101, "fast_churn", std::chrono::seconds(3));
+    types.registerType(shortType);
+
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+    // Simulate 10 churn cycles: add value, advance time, refresh, advance, expire
+    for (int cycle = 0; cycle < 10; cycle++) {
+        auto v = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+        v->id = static_cast<dht::Value::Id>(500 + cycle);
+        v->type = 101;
+        v->data = {static_cast<uint8_t>('A' + cycle)};
+
+        auto t = now + std::chrono::seconds(cycle * 10);
+
+        // Add the value
+        cache.onValues({v}, {}, {}, types, t);
+
+        // Refresh halfway through
+        auto tRefresh = t + std::chrono::seconds(2);
+        cache.onValues({}, {v->id}, {}, types, tRefresh);
+
+        // Explicit expire from server
+        auto tExpire = t + std::chrono::seconds(8);
+        cache.onValues({}, {}, {v->id}, types, tExpire);
+    }
+
+    // All 10 values were added and explicitly expired
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(10, addCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(10, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testGracePeriodWhileSynced()
+{
+    // Verify that when the listen is synced, the proportional grace period
+    // (= typeExpiration) delays time-based expiration but doesn't prevent
+    // it entirely.  For a 2s type: effective expiration = 2s + 2s = 4s.
+
+    int expireCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (expired)
+            expireCount += vals.size();
+    });
+
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    dht::ValueType shortType(110, "short", std::chrono::seconds(2));
+    types.registerType(shortType);
+
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 1;
+    v1->type = 110;
+    v1->data = {'X'};
+
+    auto t0 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    cache.onValues({v1}, {}, {}, types, t0);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    // Mark as synced
+    cache.onSynced(true);
+
+    // t=3: Past nominal 2s, within effective 4s → grace protects
+    auto t3 = t0 + std::chrono::seconds(3);
+    cache.expireValues(t3);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Synced cache: grace period should prevent early expiry", 0, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 1, cache.size());
+
+    // t=5: Past effective 4s (2s + 2s grace) → must expire
+    auto t5 = t0 + std::chrono::seconds(5);
+    cache.expireValues(t5);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Synced cache: value must eventually expire after grace period", 1, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+void
+ValueCacheTester::testUnsyncExpiresImmediately()
+{
+    // When the cache goes from synced to unsynced, the grace period is
+    // removed and already-past-due values expire on the next check.
+    // Type expiration = 5s. Grace when synced = 5s → effective = 10s.
+
+    int expireCount = 0;
+    dht::ValueCache cache([&](const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<dht::Value>>& vals, bool expired) {
+        if (expired)
+            expireCount += vals.size();
+    });
+
+    dht::TypeStore types;
+    dht::ValueType shortType(120, "short", std::chrono::seconds(5));
+    types.registerType(shortType);
+
+    auto v1 = std::make_shared<dht::Value>();
+    v1->id = 1;
+    v1->type = 120;
+    v1->data = {'U'};
+
+    auto t0 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    cache.onValues({v1}, {}, {}, types, t0);
+    cache.onSynced(true);
+
+    // t=7: past nominal 5s, within effective 10s while synced → alive
+    auto t7 = t0 + std::chrono::seconds(7);
+    cache.expireValues(t7);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0, expireCount);
+
+    // Now unsync (node went away / connectivity loss)
+    cache.onSynced(false);
+
+    // Same time point t=7: past nominal 5s, no grace → expires
+    cache.expireValues(t7);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL_MESSAGE("Unsynced cache should immediately expire past-due values", 1, expireCount);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL((size_t) 0, cache.size());
+}
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cppunit/TestFixture.h>
+#include <cppunit/extensions/HelperMacros.h>
+
+namespace test {
+
+class ValueCacheTester : public CppUnit::TestFixture
+{
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(ValueCacheTester);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testUpdate);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testUpdateExpiration);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testExpiration);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testRefresh);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testExplicitExpiration);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testClear);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSyncStatus);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testMaxValues);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testUpdateTypeExpiration);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSameSeqEditIgnored);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testShortExpirationRefreshLost);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testShortExpirationHighChurn);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testGracePeriodWhileSynced);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testUnsyncExpiresImmediately);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
+
+public:
+    void setUp();
+    void tearDown();
+
+    void testUpdate();
+    void testUpdateExpiration();
+    void testExpiration();
+    void testRefresh();
+    void testExplicitExpiration();
+    void testClear();
+    void testSyncStatus();
+    void testMaxValues();
+    void testUpdateTypeExpiration();
+    void testSameSeqEditIgnored();
+    void testShortExpirationRefreshLost();
+    void testShortExpirationHighChurn();
+    void testGracePeriodWhileSynced();
+    void testUnsyncExpiresImmediately();
+};
+
+} // namespace test
@@ -5,12 +5,29 @@
 #include <cppunit/CompilerOutputter.h>
 #include <iostream>

+namespace {
+
+void
+listTests(CppUnit::Test* test, const std::string& prefix = {})
+{
+    const auto name = test->getName();
+    const auto fullName = prefix.empty() ? name : prefix + "/" + name;
+    if (test->getChildTestCount() == 0) {
+        std::cout << fullName << std::endl;
+        return;
+    }
+    for (int index = 0; index < test->getChildTestCount(); ++index)
+        listTests(test->getChildTestAt(index), fullName);
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
 extern "C" {
 #include <gnutls/gnutls.h>
 }

 int
-main(int /*argc*/, char** /*argv*/)
+main(int argc, char** argv)
 {
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
    if (auto err = gnutls_global_init()) {
@@ -25,8 +42,15 @@ main(int /*argc*/, char** /*argv*/)
        std::cout << "No test cases specified for suite" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
+    if (argc > 1 && std::string(argv[1]) == "--list") {
+        listTests(suite);
+        return 0;
+    }
    CppUnit::TextUi::TestRunner runner;
-    runner.addTest(suite);
+    if (argc > 1)
+        runner.addTest(suite->findTest(argv[1]));
+    else
+        runner.addTest(suite);
    auto result = runner.run() ? 0 : 1;
    return result;
 }
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2014-2026 Savoir-faire Linux Inc.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-#include "valuetester.h"
-
-#include <iostream>
-#include <string>
-
-// opendht
-#include "opendht/value.h"
-
-namespace test {
-CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(ValueTester);
-
-void
-ValueTester::setUp()
-{}
-
-void
-ValueTester::testConstructors()
-{
-    std::string the_data {"42 cats"};
-    dht::Value the_dht_value {(const uint8_t*) the_data.data(), the_data.size()};
-    std::string from_value {the_dht_value.data.begin(), the_dht_value.data.end()};
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(the_data, from_value);
-}
-
-void
-ValueTester::testFilter()
-{
-    dht::Value::Filter defaultFiler {};
-
-    auto isPairSize = dht::Value::Filter([](const dht::Value& v) { return v.data.size() % 2 == 0; });
-
-    auto isUserTypeTest = dht::Value::Filter([](const dht::Value& v) { return v.user_type == "test"; });
-
-    std::string data1 {"42 cats"};
-    dht::Value value1 {(const uint8_t*) data1.data(), data1.size()};
-    value1.user_type = "test";
-
-    std::string data2 {"420 cats"};
-    dht::Value value2 {(const uint8_t*) data2.data(), data2.size()};
-    dht::Value value3 {(const uint8_t*) data2.data(), data2.size()};
-    value3.user_type = "test";
-
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!isPairSize(value1));
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(isUserTypeTest(value1));
-
-    auto isBoth = dht::Value::Filter::chain(isPairSize, isUserTypeTest);
-    auto isUserTypeTest2 = dht::Value::Filter::chain(defaultFiler, isUserTypeTest);
-
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(isUserTypeTest2(value1));
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!isUserTypeTest2(value2));
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!isBoth(value1));
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!isBoth(value2));
-    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(isBoth(value3));
-}
-
-void
-ValueTester::tearDown()
-{}
-} // namespace test
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-bin_PROGRAMS = dhtnode dhtchat dhtscanner
-noinst_HEADERS = tools_common.h
-
-AM_CPPFLAGS = -isystem @top_srcdir@/include @JsonCpp_CFLAGS@ @MsgPack_CFLAGS@
-
-dhtnode_SOURCES = dhtnode.cpp
-dhtnode_LDFLAGS = -lopendht -lreadline -lfmt -L@top_builddir@/src/.libs @GnuTLS_LIBS@
-
-dhtchat_SOURCES = dhtchat.cpp
-dhtchat_LDFLAGS = -lopendht -lreadline -lfmt -L@top_builddir@/src/.libs @GnuTLS_LIBS@
-
-dhtscanner_SOURCES = dhtscanner.cpp
-dhtscanner_LDFLAGS = -lopendht -lreadline -lfmt -L@top_builddir@/src/.libs @GnuTLS_LIBS@
-
-if ENABLE_C
-bin_PROGRAMS += dhtcnode
-dhtcnode_CFLAGS = -std=c11 -isystem @top_srcdir@/c -isystem @top_srcdir@/include
-dhtcnode_SOURCES = dhtcnode.c
-dhtcnode_LDFLAGS = -lopendht-c -lreadline -lfmt -L@top_builddir@/c/.libs
-endif