2.69

go fmt
refactor
2026-10-01 20:26:27 +00:00 · 2021-09-19 21:44:06 -07:00 · 2021-09-19 12:06:15 -07:00 · 2021-09-19 12:02:23 -07:00 · 2021-09-19 03:24:47 -07:00 · 2021-09-19 01:33:50 -07:00
380 changed files with 15507 additions and 6757 deletions
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Release
+name: "go: build dev binaries"

 on:
  push:
@@ -6,36 +6,48 @@ on:

 jobs:

-  build:
-    name: Build
+  cleanup:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+
+      - name: Delete old release assets
+        uses: mknejp/delete-release-assets@v1
+        with:
+          token: ${{ github.token }}
+          tag: dev
+          fail-if-no-assets: false
+          assets: |
+            weed-*
+
+  build_dev:
+    needs: cleanup
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        goos: [linux, windows, darwin, freebsd ]
-        goarch: [amd64, arm]
+        goos: [linux, windows, darwin, freebsd]
+        goarch: [amd64, arm, arm64]
        exclude:
          - goarch: arm
            goos: darwin
+          - goarch: 386
+            goos: darwin
          - goarch: arm
            goos: windows
+          - goarch: arm64
+            goos: windows

    steps:

      - name: Check out code into the Go module directory
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

-      - name: Wait for the deletion
-        uses: jakejarvis/wait-action@master
-        with:
-          time: '30s'
-
      - name: Set BUILD_TIME env
-        run: echo BUILD_TIME=$(date -u +%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M) >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+        run: echo BUILD_TIME=$(date -u +%Y%m%d-%H%M) >> ${GITHUB_ENV}

-      - name: Go Release Binaries
-        uses: wangyoucao577/go-release-action@v1.17
+      - name: Go Release Binaries Large Disk
+        uses: wangyoucao577/go-release-action@v1.20
        with:
-          goversion: 1.16
          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
          goos: ${{ matrix.goos }}
          goarch: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
@@ -49,10 +61,9 @@ jobs:
          binary_name: weed-large-disk
          asset_name: "weed-large-disk-${{ env.BUILD_TIME }}-${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}"

-      - name: Go Release Binaries
-        uses: wangyoucao577/go-release-action@v1.17
+      - name: Go Release Binaries Normal Volume Size
+        uses: wangyoucao577/go-release-action@v1.20
        with:
-          goversion: 1.16
          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
          goos: ${{ matrix.goos }}
          goarch: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
@@ -62,5 +73,5 @@ jobs:
          ldflags: -extldflags -static -X github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util.COMMIT=${{github.sha}}
          # Where to run `go build .`
          project_path: weed
-          binary_name: weed
+          binary_name: weed-normal-disk
          asset_name: "weed-${{ env.BUILD_TIME }}-${{ matrix.goos }}-${{ matrix.goarch }}"
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# This is a basic workflow to help you get started with Actions
+
+name: "go: build versioned binaries"
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - '*'
+
+  # Allows you to run this workflow manually from the Actions tab
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+# A workflow run is made up of one or more jobs that can run sequentially or in parallel
+jobs:
+
+  build-release-binaries:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        goos: [linux, windows, darwin, freebsd]
+        goarch: [amd64, arm, arm64]
+        exclude:
+          - goarch: arm
+            goos: darwin
+          - goarch: 386
+            goos: darwin
+          - goarch: arm
+            goos: windows
+          - goarch: arm64
+            goos: windows
+
+    # Steps represent a sequence of tasks that will be executed as part of the job
+    steps:
+      # Checks-out your repository under $GITHUB_WORKSPACE, so your job can access it
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: Go Release Binaries Normal Volume Size
+        uses: wangyoucao577/go-release-action@v1.20
+        with:
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          goos: ${{ matrix.goos }}
+          goarch: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
+          overwrite: true
+          pre_command: export CGO_ENABLED=0
+          # build_flags: -tags 5BytesOffset # optional, default is
+          ldflags: -extldflags -static -X github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util.COMMIT=${{github.sha}}
+          # Where to run `go build .`
+          project_path: weed
+          binary_name: weed
+          asset_name: "${{ matrix.goos }}_${{ matrix.goarch }}"
+      - name: Go Release Large Disk Binaries
+        uses: wangyoucao577/go-release-action@v1.20
+        with:
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          goos: ${{ matrix.goos }}
+          goarch: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
+          overwrite: true
+          pre_command: export CGO_ENABLED=0
+          build_flags: -tags 5BytesOffset # optional, default is
+          ldflags: -extldflags -static -X github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util.COMMIT=${{github.sha}}
+          # Where to run `go build .`
+          project_path: weed
+          binary_name: weed
+          asset_name: "${{ matrix.goos }}_${{ matrix.goarch }}_large_disk"
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-name: Cleanup
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [ master ]
-
-jobs:
-
-  build:
-    name: Build
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    steps:
-
-      - name: Delete old release assets
-        uses: mknejp/delete-release-assets@v1
-        with:
-          token: ${{ github.token }}
-          tag: dev
-          fail-if-no-assets: false
-          assets: |
-            weed-*
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+name: "docker: build dev containers"
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ master ]
+  workflow_dispatch: []
+
+jobs:
+
+  build-dev-containers:
+    runs-on: [ubuntu-latest]
+
+    steps:
+      -
+        name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      -
+        name: Docker meta
+        id: docker_meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v3
+        with:
+          images: |
+            chrislusf/seaweedfs
+            ghcr.io/chrislusf/seaweedfs
+          tags: |
+            type=raw,value=dev
+          labels: |
+            org.opencontainers.image.title=seaweedfs
+            org.opencontainers.image.description=SeaweedFS is a distributed storage system for blobs, objects, files, and data lake, to store and serve billions of files fast!
+            org.opencontainers.image.vendor=Chris Lu
+      -
+        name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
+      -
+        name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+        with:
+          buildkitd-flags: "--debug"
+      -
+        name: Login to Docker Hub
+        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
+      -
+        name: Login to GHCR
+        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ secrets.GHCR_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GHCR_TOKEN }}
+      -
+        name: Build
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: ./docker
+          push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
+          file: ./docker/Dockerfile.go_build
+          platforms: linux/amd64, linux/arm, linux/arm64, linux/386
+          tags: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.tags }}
+          labels: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.labels }}
@@ -1,66 +1,15 @@
-name: Build Latest Containers
+name: "docker: build latest container"
+
 on:
  push:
-    branches:
-      - master
+    branches: [ master ]
  workflow_dispatch: []

 jobs:
-  build-latest:
-    runs-on: [ubuntu-latest]
-    steps:
-      -
-        name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      -
-        name: Docker meta
-        id: docker_meta
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-docker-meta@v2
-        with:
-          images: |
-            chrislusf/seaweedfs
-            ghcr.io/chrislusf/seaweedfs
-          tags: |
-            type=raw,value=latest
-          labels: |
-            org.opencontainers.image.title=seaweedfs
-            org.opencontainers.image.vendor=Chris Lu
-      -
-        name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
-      -
-        name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
-        with:
-          buildkitd-flags: "--debug"
-      -
-        name: Login to Docker Hub
-        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-        uses: docker/login-action@v1
-        with:
-          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
-      -
-        name: Login to GHCR
-        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-        uses: docker/login-action@v1
-        with:
-          registry: ghcr.io
-          username: ${{ secrets.GHCR_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.GHCR_TOKEN }}
-      -
-        name: Build
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
-        with:
-          context: ./docker
-          push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
-          file: ./docker/Dockerfile
-          platforms: linux/amd64
-          tags: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.tags }}
-          labels: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.labels }}

-  build-dev:
+  build-latest-container:
    runs-on: [ubuntu-latest]
+
    steps:
      -
        name: Checkout
@@ -68,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
      -
        name: Docker meta
        id: docker_meta
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-docker-meta@v2
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v3
        with:
          images: |
            chrislusf/seaweedfs
@@ -109,6 +58,6 @@ jobs:
          context: ./docker
          push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
          file: ./docker/Dockerfile.go_build
-          platforms: linux/amd64
+          platforms: linux/amd64, linux/arm, linux/arm64, linux/386
          tags: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.tags }}
          labels: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.labels }}
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-name: Build Release Containers
+name: "docker: build release containers"
+
 on:
  push:
    tags:
@@ -6,8 +7,9 @@ on:
  workflow_dispatch: []

 jobs:
-  build-default:
+  build-default-release-container:
    runs-on: [ubuntu-latest]
+
    steps:
      -
        name: Checkout
@@ -15,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
      -
        name: Docker meta
        id: docker_meta
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-docker-meta@v2
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v3
        with:
          images: |
            chrislusf/seaweedfs
@@ -58,11 +60,12 @@ jobs:
          context: ./docker
          push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
          file: ./docker/Dockerfile.go_build
-          platforms: linux/amd64
+          platforms: linux/amd64, linux/arm, linux/arm64, linux/386
          tags: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.tags }}
          labels: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.labels }}
-  build-large:
+  build-large-release-container:
    runs-on: [ubuntu-latest]
+
    steps:
      -
        name: Checkout
@@ -70,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
      -
        name: Docker meta
        id: docker_meta
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-docker-meta@v2
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v3
        with:
          images: |
            chrislusf/seaweedfs
@@ -113,6 +116,6 @@ jobs:
          context: ./docker
          push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
          file: ./docker/Dockerfile.go_build_large
-          platforms: linux/amd64
+          platforms: linux/amd64, linux/arm, linux/arm64, linux/386
          tags: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.tags }}
          labels: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.labels }}
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Go
+name: "go: build binary"

 on:
  push:
@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ on:
  pull_request:
    branches: [ master ]

+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.head_ref }}/go
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
 jobs:

  build:
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-sudo: false
-language: go
-go:
-  - 1.16.x
-
-before_install:
-  - export PATH=/home/travis/gopath/bin:$PATH
-
-install:
-  - export CGO_ENABLED="0"
-  - go env
-
-script:
-  - env GO111MODULE=on go test ./weed/...
-
-before_deploy:
-  - make release
-deploy:
-  provider: releases
-  skip_cleanup: true
-  api_key:
-    secure: ERL986+ncQ8lwAJUYDrQ8s2/FxF/cyNIwJIFCqspnWxQgGNNyokET9HapmlPSxjpFRF0q6L2WCg9OY3mSVRq4oI6hg1igOQ12KlLyN71XSJ3c8w0Ay5ho48TQ9l3f3Iu97mntBCe9l0R9pnT8wj1VI8YJxloXwUMG2yeTjA9aBI=
-  file:
-    - build/linux_arm.tar.gz
-    - build/linux_arm64.tar.gz
-    - build/linux_386.tar.gz
-    - build/linux_amd64.tar.gz
-    - build/linux_amd64_large_disk.tar.gz
-    - build/darwin_amd64.tar.gz
-    - build/darwin_amd64_large_disk.tar.gz
-    - build/windows_386.zip
-    - build/windows_amd64.zip
-    - build/windows_amd64_large_disk.zip
-    - build/freebsd_arm.tar.gz
-    - build/freebsd_amd64.tar.gz
-    - build/freebsd_386.tar.gz
-    - build/netbsd_arm.tar.gz
-    - build/netbsd_amd64.tar.gz
-    - build/netbsd_386.tar.gz
-    - build/openbsd_arm.tar.gz
-    - build/openbsd_amd64.tar.gz
-    - build/openbsd_386.tar.gz
-  on:
-    tags: true
-    repo: chrislusf/seaweedfs
-    go: 1.16.x
@@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
-BINARY = weed/weed
-package = github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed
-
-GO_FLAGS = #-v
-SOURCE_DIR = ./weed/
-
-appname := weed
-
-sources := $(wildcard *.go)
-
-COMMIT ?= $(shell git rev-parse --short HEAD)
-LDFLAGS ?= -X github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util.COMMIT=${COMMIT}
-
-build = CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=$(1) GOARCH=$(2) go build -ldflags "-extldflags -static $(LDFLAGS)" -o build/$(appname)$(3) $(SOURCE_DIR)
-tar = cd build && tar -cvzf $(1)_$(2).tar.gz $(appname)$(3) && rm $(appname)$(3)
-zip = cd build && zip $(1)_$(2).zip $(appname)$(3) && rm $(appname)$(3)
-
-build_large = CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=$(1) GOARCH=$(2) go build -tags 5BytesOffset -ldflags "-extldflags -static $(LDFLAGS)" -o build/$(appname)$(3) $(SOURCE_DIR)
-tar_large = cd build && tar -cvzf $(1)_$(2)_large_disk.tar.gz $(appname)$(3) && rm $(appname)$(3)
-zip_large = cd build && zip $(1)_$(2)_large_disk.zip $(appname)$(3) && rm $(appname)$(3)
-
-all: build
-
-.PHONY : clean deps build linux release windows_build darwin_build linux_build bsd_build clean
-
-clean:
-	go clean -i $(GO_FLAGS) $(SOURCE_DIR)
-	rm -f $(BINARY)
-	rm -rf build/
-
-deps:
-	go get $(GO_FLAGS) -d $(SOURCE_DIR)
-	rm -rf /home/travis/gopath/src/github.com/coreos/etcd/vendor/golang.org/x/net/trace
-	rm -rf /home/travis/gopath/src/go.etcd.io/etcd/vendor/golang.org/x/net/trace
-
-build: deps
-	go build $(GO_FLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BINARY) $(SOURCE_DIR)
-
-install: deps
-	go install $(GO_FLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" $(SOURCE_DIR)
-
-linux: deps
-	mkdir -p linux
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build $(GO_FLAGS) -ldflags "$(LDFLAGS)" -o linux/$(BINARY) $(SOURCE_DIR)
-
-release: deps windows_build darwin_build linux_build bsd_build 5_byte_linux_build 5_byte_arm64_build 5_byte_darwin_build 5_byte_windows_build
-
-##### LINUX BUILDS #####
-5_byte_linux_build:
-	$(call build_large,linux,amd64,)
-	$(call tar_large,linux,amd64)
-
-5_byte_darwin_build:
-	$(call build_large,darwin,amd64,)
-	$(call tar_large,darwin,amd64)
-
-5_byte_windows_build:
-	$(call build_large,windows,amd64,.exe)
-	$(call zip_large,windows,amd64,.exe)
-
-5_byte_arm_build: $(sources)
-	$(call build_large,linux,arm,)
-	$(call tar_large,linux,arm)
-
-5_byte_arm64_build: $(sources)
-	$(call build_large,linux,arm64,)
-	$(call tar_large,linux,arm64)
-
-linux_build: build/linux_arm.tar.gz build/linux_arm64.tar.gz build/linux_386.tar.gz build/linux_amd64.tar.gz
-
-build/linux_386.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,linux,386,)
-	$(call tar,linux,386)
-
-build/linux_amd64.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,linux,amd64,)
-	$(call tar,linux,amd64)
-
-build/linux_arm.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,linux,arm,)
-	$(call tar,linux,arm)
-
-build/linux_arm64.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,linux,arm64,)
-	$(call tar,linux,arm64)
-
-##### DARWIN (MAC) BUILDS #####
-darwin_build: build/darwin_amd64.tar.gz
-
-build/darwin_amd64.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,darwin,amd64,)
-	$(call tar,darwin,amd64)
-
-##### WINDOWS BUILDS #####
-windows_build: build/windows_386.zip build/windows_amd64.zip
-
-build/windows_386.zip: $(sources)
-	$(call build,windows,386,.exe)
-	$(call zip,windows,386,.exe)
-
-build/windows_amd64.zip: $(sources)
-	$(call build,windows,amd64,.exe)
-	$(call zip,windows,amd64,.exe)
-
-##### BSD BUILDS #####
-bsd_build: build/freebsd_arm.tar.gz build/freebsd_386.tar.gz build/freebsd_amd64.tar.gz \
- build/netbsd_arm.tar.gz build/netbsd_386.tar.gz build/netbsd_amd64.tar.gz \
- build/openbsd_arm.tar.gz build/openbsd_386.tar.gz build/openbsd_amd64.tar.gz
-
-build/freebsd_386.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,freebsd,386,)
-	$(call tar,freebsd,386)
-
-build/freebsd_amd64.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,freebsd,amd64,)
-	$(call tar,freebsd,amd64)
-
-build/freebsd_arm.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,freebsd,arm,)
-	$(call tar,freebsd,arm)
-
-build/netbsd_386.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,netbsd,386,)
-	$(call tar,netbsd,386)
-
-build/netbsd_amd64.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,netbsd,amd64,)
-	$(call tar,netbsd,amd64)
-
-build/netbsd_arm.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,netbsd,arm,)
-	$(call tar,netbsd,arm)
-
-build/openbsd_386.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,openbsd,386,)
-	$(call tar,openbsd,386)
-
-build/openbsd_amd64.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,openbsd,amd64,)
-	$(call tar,openbsd,amd64)
-
-build/openbsd_arm.tar.gz: $(sources)
-	$(call build,openbsd,arm,)
-	$(call tar,openbsd,arm)
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@

 [![Slack](https://img.shields.io/badge/slack-purple)](https://join.slack.com/t/seaweedfs/shared_invite/enQtMzI4MTMwMjU2MzA3LTEyYzZmZWYzOGQ3MDJlZWMzYmI0OTE4OTJiZjJjODBmMzUxNmYwODg0YjY3MTNlMjBmZDQ1NzQ5NDJhZWI2ZmY)
 [![Twitter](https://img.shields.io/twitter/follow/seaweedfs.svg?style=social&label=Follow)](https://twitter.com/intent/follow?screen_name=seaweedfs)
-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/chrislusf/seaweedfs/Go)](https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/actions/workflows/go.yml)
 [![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed)
 [![Wiki](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-wiki-blue.svg)](https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/wiki)
 [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/chrislusf/seaweedfs?maxAge=4800)](https://hub.docker.com/r/chrislusf/seaweedfs/)
@@ -69,16 +69,16 @@ Table of Contents
 * [License](#license)


+## Quick Start for S3 API on Docker ##
+
+`docker run -p 8333:8333 chrislusf/seaweedfs server -s3`
+
 ## Quick Start with single binary ##
 * Download the latest binary from https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/releases and unzip a single binary file `weed` or `weed.exe`
 * Run `weed server -dir=/some/data/dir -s3` to start one master, one volume server, one filer, and one S3 gateway.

 Also, to increase capacity, just add more volume servers by running `weed volume -dir="/some/data/dir2" -mserver="<master_host>:9333" -port=8081` locally, or on a different machine, or on thousands of machines. That is it!

-## Quick Start for S3 API on Docker ##
-
-`docker run -p 8333:8333 chrislusf/seaweedfs server -s3`
-
 ## Introduction ##

 SeaweedFS is a simple and highly scalable distributed file system. There are two objectives:
@@ -146,6 +146,8 @@ Faster and Cheaper than direct cloud storage!
 * [WebDAV] accesses as a mapped drive on Mac and Windows, or from mobile devices.
 * [AES256-GCM Encrypted Storage][FilerDataEncryption] safely stores the encrypted data.
 * [Super Large Files][SuperLargeFiles] stores large or super large files in tens of TB.
+* [Cloud Drive][CloudDrive] mounts cloud storage to local cluster, cached for fast read and write with asynchronous write back.
+* [Gateway to Remote Object Store][GatewayToRemoteObjectStore] mirrors bucket operations to remote object storage, in addition to [Cloud Drive][CloudDrive]

 ## Kubernetes ##
 * [Kubernetes CSI Driver][SeaweedFsCsiDriver] A Container Storage Interface (CSI) Driver. [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/chrislusf/seaweedfs-csi-driver.svg?maxAge=4800)](https://hub.docker.com/r/chrislusf/seaweedfs-csi-driver/)
@@ -168,6 +170,9 @@ Faster and Cheaper than direct cloud storage!
 [ActiveActiveAsyncReplication]: https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/wiki/Filer-Active-Active-cross-cluster-continuous-synchronization
 [FilerStoreReplication]: https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/wiki/Filer-Store-Replication
 [KeyLargeValueStore]: https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/wiki/Filer-as-a-Key-Large-Value-Store
+[CloudDrive]: https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/wiki/Cloud-Drive-Architecture
+[GatewayToRemoteObjectStore]: https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/wiki/Gateway-to-Remote-Object-Storage
+

 [Back to TOC](#table-of-contents)

@@ -321,7 +326,7 @@ When requesting a file key, an optional "dataCenter" parameter can limit the ass

 [Back to TOC](#table-of-contents)

-## Architecture ##
+## Object Store Architecture ##

 Usually distributed file systems split each file into chunks, a central master keeps a mapping of filenames, chunk indices to chunk handles, and also which chunks each chunk server has.

@@ -587,6 +592,7 @@ The text of this page is available for modification and reuse under the terms of

 [Back to TOC](#table-of-contents)

-## Stargazers over time ##
+## Stargazers over time
+
+[![Stargazers over time](https://starchart.cc/chrislusf/seaweedfs.svg)](https://starchart.cc/chrislusf/seaweedfs)

-[![Stargazers over time](https://starcharts.herokuapp.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs.svg)](https://starcharts.herokuapp.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs)
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ RUN \
         elif [ $(uname -m) == "x86_64" ] && [ $(getconf LONG_BIT) == "32" ]; then echo "386"; \
         elif [ $(uname -m) == "aarch64" ]; then echo "arm64"; \
         elif [ $(uname -m) == "armv7l" ]; then echo "arm"; \
-         elif [ $(uname -m) == "armv6l" ]; then echo "arm"; fi;) && \
+         elif [ $(uname -m) == "armv6l" ]; then echo "arm"; \
+         elif [ $(uname -m) == "s390x" ]; then echo "s390x"; \
+         elif [ $(uname -m) == "ppc64le" ]; then echo "ppc64le"; fi;) && \
    echo "Building for $ARCH" 1>&2 && \
    SUPERCRONIC_SHA1SUM=$(echo $ARCH | sed 's/386/e0126b0102b9f388ecd55714358e3ad60d0cebdb/g' | sed 's/amd64/5ddf8ea26b56d4a7ff6faecdd8966610d5cb9d85/g' | sed 's/arm64/e2714c43e7781bf1579c85aa61259245f56dbba1/g' | sed 's/arm/47481c3341bc3a1ae91a728e0cc63c8e6d3791ad/g') && \
    SUPERCRONIC_URL=https://github.com/aptible/supercronic/releases/download/v0.1.9/supercronic-linux-$ARCH && \
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ RUN \
    # Install SeaweedFS and Supercronic ( for cron job mode )
    apk add --no-cache --virtual build-dependencies --update wget curl ca-certificates && \
    apk add fuse && \
-    wget -P /tmp https://github.com/$(curl -s -L https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/releases/${RELEASE} | egrep -o "chrislusf/seaweedfs/releases/download/.*/linux_$ARCH.tar.gz") && \
+    wget -P /tmp https://github.com/$(curl -s -L https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/releases/${RELEASE} | egrep -o "chrislusf/seaweedfs/releases/download/.*/linux_$ARCH.tar.gz" | head -n 1) && \
    tar -C /usr/bin/ -xzvf /tmp/linux_$ARCH.tar.gz && \
    curl -fsSLO "$SUPERCRONIC_URL" && \
    echo "${SUPERCRONIC_SHA1SUM}  ${SUPERCRONIC}" | sha1sum -c - && \
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+FROM gcc:11 as builder
+RUN mkdir -p /go/src/github.com/chrislusf/
+RUN git clone https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs /go/src/github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs
+ARG BRANCH=${BRANCH:-master}
+RUN cd /go/src/github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs && git checkout $BRANCH
+RUN cd /go/src/github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed \
+  && apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y golang-src \
+  && export LDFLAGS="-X github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util.COMMIT=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)" \
+  && CGO_ENABLED=0 go install -ldflags "-extldflags -static ${LDFLAGS}" -compiler=gccgo -tags gccgo,noasm
+
+FROM alpine AS final
+LABEL author="Chris Lu"
+COPY --from=builder /go/bin/weed /usr/bin/
+RUN mkdir -p /etc/seaweedfs
+COPY --from=builder /go/src/github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/docker/filer.toml /etc/seaweedfs/filer.toml
+COPY --from=builder /go/src/github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/docker/entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh
+RUN apk add fuse # for weed mount
+
+# volume server gprc port
+EXPOSE 18080
+# volume server http port
+EXPOSE 8080
+# filer server gprc port
+EXPOSE 18888
+# filer server http port
+EXPOSE 8888
+# master server shared gprc port
+EXPOSE 19333
+# master server shared http port
+EXPOSE 9333
+# s3 server http port
+EXPOSE 8333
+# webdav server http port
+EXPOSE 7333
+
+RUN mkdir -p /data/filerldb2
+
+VOLUME /data
+
+RUN chmod +x /entrypoint.sh
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["/entrypoint.sh"]
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM amd64/golang:1.16-alpine as builder
+FROM amd64/golang:1.17-alpine as builder
 RUN apk add git g++ fuse
 RUN mkdir -p /go/src/github.com/chrislusf/
 RUN git clone https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs /go/src/github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM amd64/golang:1.16-alpine as builder
+FROM amd64/golang:1.17-alpine as builder
 RUN apk add git g++ fuse
 RUN mkdir -p /go/src/github.com/chrislusf/
 RUN git clone https://github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs /go/src/github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs
@@ -1,23 +1,34 @@
 module github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs

-go 1.16
+go 1.17

 require (
+	cloud.google.com/go v0.94.1 // indirect
 	cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.3.1
-	cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.9.0
-	github.com/Azure/azure-storage-blob-go v0.9.0
+	cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.16.1
+	github.com/Azure/azure-pipeline-go v0.2.3
+	github.com/Azure/azure-storage-blob-go v0.14.0
+	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v0.3.1 // indirect
+	github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.3.6-0.20190409195224-796139022798 // indirect
 	github.com/OneOfOne/xxhash v1.2.2
 	github.com/Shopify/sarama v1.23.1
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.34.30
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.35.3
+	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/buraksezer/consistent v0.0.0-20191006190839-693edf70fd72
 	github.com/bwmarrin/snowflake v0.3.0
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash v1.1.0
+	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/chrislusf/raft v1.0.7
+	github.com/colinmarc/hdfs/v2 v2.2.0
 	github.com/coreos/go-semver v0.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go v3.2.0+incompatible
+	github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.3.2 // indirect
+	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/dgryski/go-rendezvous v0.0.0-20200823014737-9f7001d12a5f // indirect
 	github.com/disintegration/imaging v1.6.2
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.0
 	github.com/eapache/go-resiliency v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/eapache/go-xerial-snappy v0.0.0-20180814174437-776d5712da21 // indirect
+	github.com/eapache/queue v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/facebookgo/clock v0.0.0-20150410010913-600d898af40a
 	github.com/facebookgo/ensure v0.0.0-20200202191622-63f1cf65ac4c // indirect
 	github.com/facebookgo/stack v0.0.0-20160209184415-751773369052 // indirect
@@ -25,74 +36,167 @@ require (
 	github.com/facebookgo/subset v0.0.0-20200203212716-c811ad88dec4 // indirect
 	github.com/fclairamb/ftpserverlib v0.8.0
 	github.com/frankban/quicktest v1.7.2 // indirect
+	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.4.9 // indirect
 	github.com/go-errors/errors v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-redis/redis/v8 v8.4.4
 	github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.5.0
-	github.com/gocql/gocql v0.0.0-20190829130954-e163eff7a8c6
-	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.2.2-0.20190730201129-28a6bbf47e48 // indirect
-	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20200121045136-8c9f03a8e57e
-	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.4.3
+	github.com/go-stack/stack v1.8.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-zookeeper/zk v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/gocql/gocql v0.0.0-20210707082121-9a3953d1826d
+	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt v3.2.1+incompatible
+	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20210331224755-41bb18bfe9da
+	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.2
+	github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/google/btree v1.0.0
-	github.com/google/uuid v1.1.1
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.6 // indirect
+	github.com/google/uuid v1.3.0
+	github.com/google/wire v0.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/googleapis/gax-go v2.0.2+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.7.4
 	github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.4.1 // indirect
-	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware v1.0.1-0.20190118093823-f849b5445de4
-	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway v1.11.0 // indirect
+	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware v1.1.0
+	github.com/hailocab/go-hostpool v0.0.0-20160125115350-e80d13ce29ed // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-uuid v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/hcl v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jcmturner/gofork v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jcmturner/gokrb5/v8 v8.4.1
 	github.com/jinzhu/copier v0.2.8
+	github.com/jmespath/go-jmespath v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.11
 	github.com/karlseguin/ccache/v2 v2.0.7
+	github.com/kballard/go-shellquote v0.0.0-20180428030007-95032a82bc51 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.10.9 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/cpuid v1.2.1 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/crc32 v1.2.0
 	github.com/klauspost/reedsolomon v1.9.2
+	github.com/konsorten/go-windows-terminal-sequences v1.0.3 // indirect
 	github.com/kurin/blazer v0.5.3
 	github.com/lib/pq v1.10.0
 	github.com/magiconair/properties v1.8.1 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.1 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-ieproxy v0.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.12 // indirect
+	github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
+	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/jwt v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.10.0 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/nkeys v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/nuid v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/olivere/elastic/v7 v7.0.19
+	github.com/pelletier/go-toml v1.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/peterh/liner v1.1.0
 	github.com/pierrec/lz4 v2.2.7+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
+	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/posener/complete v1.2.3
 	github.com/pquerna/cachecontrol v0.1.0
 	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.11.0
+	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.26.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/rcrowley/go-metrics v0.0.0-20190826022208-cac0b30c2563 // indirect
-	github.com/seaweedfs/fuse v1.1.8
+	github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20200410134404-eec4a21b6bb0 // indirect
+	github.com/seaweedfs/fuse v1.2.0
 	github.com/seaweedfs/goexif v1.0.2
-	github.com/skip2/go-qrcode v0.0.0-20200617195104-da1b6568686e
+	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spaolacci/murmur3 v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/afero v1.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/cast v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/jwalterweatherman v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/viper v1.4.0
 	github.com/streadway/amqp v0.0.0-20200108173154-1c71cc93ed71
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.6.1
-	github.com/syndtr/goleveldb v1.0.0
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0
+	github.com/syndtr/goleveldb v1.0.1-0.20190318030020-c3a204f8e965
 	github.com/tecbot/gorocksdb v0.0.0-20191217155057-f0fad39f321c
-	github.com/tidwall/gjson v1.3.2
-	github.com/tidwall/match v1.0.1
+	github.com/tidwall/gjson v1.8.1
+	github.com/tidwall/match v1.0.3
+	github.com/tidwall/pretty v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tikv/client-go/v2 v2.0.0-alpha.0.20210824090536-16d902a3c7e5
 	github.com/tsuna/gohbase v0.0.0-20201125011725-348991136365
+	github.com/tylertreat/BoomFilters v0.0.0-20210315201527-1a82519a3e43
 	github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0
 	github.com/viant/assertly v0.5.4 // indirect
 	github.com/viant/ptrie v0.3.0
 	github.com/viant/toolbox v0.33.2 // indirect
-	github.com/willf/bitset v1.1.10 // indirect
-	github.com/willf/bloom v2.0.3+incompatible
-	go.etcd.io/etcd v3.3.15+incompatible
-	go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver v1.3.2
+	github.com/xdg-go/pbkdf2 v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/xdg-go/scram v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/xdg-go/stringprep v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/youmark/pkcs8 v0.0.0-20181117223130-1be2e3e5546d // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/etcd v3.3.25+incompatible
+	go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver v1.7.0
+	go.opencensus.io v0.23.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v0.15.0 // indirect
 	gocloud.dev v0.20.0
 	gocloud.dev/pubsub/natspubsub v0.20.0
 	gocloud.dev/pubsub/rabbitpubsub v0.20.0
-	golang.org/x/image v0.0.0-20200119044424-58c23975cae1 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201202161906-c7110b5ffcbb
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210603081109-ebe580a85c40
-	golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20201124115921-2c860bdd6e78
-	google.golang.org/api v0.26.0
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.29.1
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20201002170205-7f63de1d35b0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/image v0.0.0-20200119044424-58c23975cae1
+	golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210813160813-60bc85c4be6d
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20210819190943-2bc19b11175f // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210823070655-63515b42dcdf
+	golang.org/x/text v0.3.6 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.1.5
+	golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/api v0.56.0
+	google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20210903162649-d08c68adba83 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.40.0
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1
+	gopkg.in/inf.v0 v0.9.1 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/jcmturner/aescts.v1 v1.0.1 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/jcmturner/dnsutils.v1 v1.0.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/jcmturner/goidentity.v3 v3.0.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/jcmturner/gokrb5.v7 v7.3.0 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/jcmturner/rpc.v1 v1.1.0 // indirect
+	modernc.org/b v1.0.0 // indirect
+	modernc.org/cc/v3 v3.33.5 // indirect
+	modernc.org/ccgo/v3 v3.9.4 // indirect
+	modernc.org/libc v1.9.5 // indirect
+	modernc.org/mathutil v1.2.2 // indirect
+	modernc.org/memory v1.0.4 // indirect
+	modernc.org/opt v0.1.1 // indirect
 	modernc.org/sqlite v1.10.7
+	modernc.org/strutil v1.1.0 // indirect
+	modernc.org/token v1.0.0 // indirect
+)
+
+require (
+	github.com/coreos/etcd v3.3.10+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/cznic/mathutil v0.0.0-20181122101859-297441e03548 // indirect
+	github.com/d4l3k/messagediff v1.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/dgryski/go-farm v0.0.0-20190423205320-6a90982ecee2 // indirect
+	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
+	github.com/jcmturner/aescts/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jcmturner/dnsutils/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jcmturner/goidentity/v6 v6.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/jcmturner/rpc/v2 v2.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.7 // indirect
+	github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/pingcap/errors v0.11.5-0.20201126102027-b0a155152ca3 // indirect
+	github.com/pingcap/failpoint v0.0.0-20210316064728-7acb0f0a3dfd // indirect
+	github.com/pingcap/kvproto v0.0.0-20210806074406-317f69fb54b4 // indirect
+	github.com/pingcap/log v0.0.0-20210317133921-96f4fcab92a4 // indirect
+	github.com/pingcap/parser v0.0.0-20210525032559-c37778aff307 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/tikv/pd v1.1.0-beta.0.20210323121136-78679e5e209d // indirect
+	github.com/twmb/murmur3 v1.1.3 // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/etcd/api/v3 v3.5.0 // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/pkg/v3 v3.5.0 // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3 v3.5.0 // indirect
+	go.uber.org/atomic v1.7.0 // indirect
+	go.uber.org/multierr v1.7.0 // indirect
+	go.uber.org/zap v1.17.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20210508222113-6edffad5e616 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.4.2 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20210220032951-036812b2e83c // indirect
+	gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20210107192922-496545a6307b // indirect
 )

 // replace github.com/seaweedfs/fuse => /Users/chris/go/src/github.com/seaweedfs/fuse
 // replace github.com/chrislusf/raft => /Users/chris/go/src/github.com/chrislusf/raft
-
-replace go.etcd.io/etcd => go.etcd.io/etcd v0.5.0-alpha.5.0.20200425165423-262c93980547
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 apiVersion: v1
 description: SeaweedFS
 name: seaweedfs
-appVersion: "2.59"
-version: "2.59"
+appVersion: "2.69"
+version: "2.69"
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ global:
  registry: ""
  repository: ""
  imageName: chrislusf/seaweedfs
-  # imageTag: "2.59" - started using {.Chart.appVersion}
  imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  imagePullSecrets: imagepullsecret
  restartPolicy: Always
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@

    <groupId>com.github.chrislusf</groupId>
    <artifactId>seaweedfs-client</artifactId>
-    <version>1.6.6</version>
+    <version>1.6.8</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.sonatype.oss</groupId>
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.sonatype.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>nexus-staging-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>1.6.7</version>
+                <version>1.6.8</version>
                <extensions>true</extensions>
                <configuration>
                    <serverId>ossrh</serverId>
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@

    <groupId>com.github.chrislusf</groupId>
    <artifactId>seaweedfs-client</artifactId>
-    <version>1.6.6</version>
+    <version>1.6.8</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.sonatype.oss</groupId>
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.sonatype.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>nexus-staging-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>1.6.7</version>
+                <version>1.6.8</version>
                <extensions>true</extensions>
                <configuration>
                    <serverId>ossrh</serverId>
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@

    <groupId>com.github.chrislusf</groupId>
    <artifactId>seaweedfs-client</artifactId>
-    <version>1.6.6</version>
+    <version>1.6.8</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.sonatype.oss</groupId>
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import com.google.common.base.Strings;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

-import java.io.File;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Iterator;
@@ -15,7 +14,11 @@ public class FilerClient extends FilerGrpcClient {
    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FilerClient.class);

    public FilerClient(String host, int grpcPort) {
-        super(host, grpcPort);
+        super(host, grpcPort-10000, grpcPort);
+    }
+
+    public FilerClient(String host, int port, int grpcPort) {
+        super(host, port, grpcPort);
    }

    public static String toFileId(FilerProto.FileId fid) {
@@ -59,24 +62,39 @@ public class FilerClient extends FilerGrpcClient {

    public static FilerProto.Entry afterEntryDeserialization(FilerProto.Entry entry) {
        if (entry.getChunksList().size() <= 0) {
-            return entry;
-        }
-        String fileId = entry.getChunks(0).getFileId();
-        if (fileId != null && fileId.length() != 0) {
-            return entry;
-        }
-        FilerProto.Entry.Builder entryBuilder = entry.toBuilder();
-        entryBuilder.clearChunks();
-        for (FilerProto.FileChunk chunk : entry.getChunksList()) {
-            FilerProto.FileChunk.Builder chunkBuilder = chunk.toBuilder();
-            chunkBuilder.setFileId(toFileId(chunk.getFid()));
-            String sourceFileId = toFileId(chunk.getSourceFid());
-            if (sourceFileId != null) {
-                chunkBuilder.setSourceFileId(sourceFileId);
+            if (entry.getContent().isEmpty()) {
+                return entry;
+            } else {
+                if (entry.getAttributes().getFileSize() <= 0) {
+                    FilerProto.Entry.Builder entryBuilder = entry.toBuilder();
+                    FilerProto.FuseAttributes.Builder attrBuilder = entry.getAttributes().toBuilder();
+                    attrBuilder.setFileSize(entry.getContent().size());
+                    entryBuilder.setAttributes(attrBuilder);
+                    return entryBuilder.build();
+                }
            }
-            entryBuilder.addChunks(chunkBuilder);
+            return entry;
+        } else {
+            FilerProto.Entry.Builder entryBuilder = entry.toBuilder();
+            entryBuilder.clearChunks();
+            long fileSize = 0;
+            for (FilerProto.FileChunk chunk : entry.getChunksList()) {
+                fileSize = Math.max(fileSize, chunk.getOffset()+chunk.getSize());
+                FilerProto.FileChunk.Builder chunkBuilder = chunk.toBuilder();
+                chunkBuilder.setFileId(toFileId(chunk.getFid()));
+                String sourceFileId = toFileId(chunk.getSourceFid());
+                if (sourceFileId != null) {
+                    chunkBuilder.setSourceFileId(sourceFileId);
+                }
+                entryBuilder.addChunks(chunkBuilder);
+            }
+            if (entry.getAttributes().getFileSize() <= 0) {
+                FilerProto.FuseAttributes.Builder attrBuilder = entry.getAttributes().toBuilder();
+                attrBuilder.setFileSize(fileSize);
+                entryBuilder.setAttributes(attrBuilder);
+            }
+            return entryBuilder.build();
        }
-        return entryBuilder.build();
    }

    public boolean mkdirs(String path, int mode) {
@@ -93,9 +111,9 @@ public class FilerClient extends FilerGrpcClient {
        if ("/".equals(path)) {
            return true;
        }
-        File pathFile = new File(path);
-        String parent = pathFile.getParent().replace('\\','/');
-        String name = pathFile.getName();
+        String[] dirAndName = SeaweedUtil.toDirAndName(path);
+        String parent = dirAndName[0];
+        String name = dirAndName[1];

        mkdirs(parent, mode, uid, gid, userName, groupNames);

@@ -114,35 +132,32 @@ public class FilerClient extends FilerGrpcClient {

    public boolean mv(String oldPath, String newPath) {

-        File oldPathFile = new File(oldPath);
-        String oldParent = oldPathFile.getParent().replace('\\','/');
-        String oldName = oldPathFile.getName();
+        String[] oldDirAndName = SeaweedUtil.toDirAndName(oldPath);
+        String oldParent = oldDirAndName[0];
+        String oldName = oldDirAndName[1];

-        File newPathFile = new File(newPath);
-        String newParent = newPathFile.getParent().replace('\\','/');
-        String newName = newPathFile.getName();
+        String[] newDirAndName = SeaweedUtil.toDirAndName(newPath);
+        String newParent = newDirAndName[0];
+        String newName = newDirAndName[1];

        return atomicRenameEntry(oldParent, oldName, newParent, newName);

    }

    public boolean exists(String path){
-        File pathFile = new File(path);
-        String parent = pathFile.getParent();
-        String entryName = pathFile.getName();
-        if(parent == null) {
-            parent = path;
-            entryName  ="";
-        }
-        return lookupEntry(parent, entryName) != null;

+        String[] dirAndName = SeaweedUtil.toDirAndName(path);
+        String parent = dirAndName[0];
+        String entryName = dirAndName[1];
+
+        return lookupEntry(parent, entryName) != null;
    }

    public boolean rm(String path, boolean isRecursive, boolean ignoreRecusiveError) {

-        File pathFile = new File(path);
-        String parent = pathFile.getParent().replace('\\','/');
-        String name = pathFile.getName();
+        String[] dirAndName = SeaweedUtil.toDirAndName(path);
+        String parent = dirAndName[0];
+        String name = dirAndName[1];

        return deleteEntry(
                parent,
@@ -153,17 +168,19 @@ public class FilerClient extends FilerGrpcClient {
    }

    public boolean touch(String path, int mode) {
+
        String currentUser = System.getProperty("user.name");

        long now = System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000L;
        return touch(path, now, mode, 0, 0, currentUser, new String[]{});
+
    }

    public boolean touch(String path, long modifiedTimeSecond, int mode, int uid, int gid, String userName, String[] groupNames) {

-        File pathFile = new File(path);
-        String parent = pathFile.getParent().replace('\\','/');
-        String name = pathFile.getName();
+        String[] dirAndName = SeaweedUtil.toDirAndName(path);
+        String parent = dirAndName[0];
+        String name = dirAndName[1];

        FilerProto.Entry entry = lookupEntry(parent, name);
        if (entry == null) {
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ public class FilerGrpcClient {
    private int volumeServerAccess = VOLUME_SERVER_ACCESS_DIRECT;
    private String filerAddress;

-    public FilerGrpcClient(String host, int grpcPort) {
-        this(host, grpcPort, sslContext);
+    public FilerGrpcClient(String host, int port, int grpcPort) {
+        this(host, port, grpcPort, sslContext);
    }

-    public FilerGrpcClient(String host, int grpcPort, SslContext sslContext) {
+    public FilerGrpcClient(String host, int port, int grpcPort, SslContext sslContext) {

        this(sslContext == null ?
                ManagedChannelBuilder.forAddress(host, grpcPort).usePlaintext()
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public class FilerGrpcClient {
                        .negotiationType(NegotiationType.TLS)
                        .sslContext(sslContext));

-        filerAddress = String.format("%s:%d", host, grpcPort - 10000);
+        filerAddress = SeaweedUtil.joinHostPort(host, port);

        FilerProto.GetFilerConfigurationResponse filerConfigurationResponse =
                this.getBlockingStub().getFilerConfiguration(
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package seaweedfs.client;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class RemoteUtil {
+    public static boolean isInRemoteOnly(FilerProto.Entry entry) {
+        if (entry.getChunksList() == null || entry.getChunksList().isEmpty()) {
+            return entry.getRemoteEntry() != null && entry.getRemoteEntry().getRemoteSize() > 0;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public static FilerProto.Entry downloadRemoteEntry(FilerClient filerClient, String fullpath, FilerProto.Entry entry) throws IOException {
+        String dir = SeaweedOutputStream.getParentDirectory(fullpath);
+        String name = SeaweedOutputStream.getFileName(fullpath);
+
+        final FilerProto.DownloadToLocalResponse downloadToLocalResponse = filerClient.getBlockingStub()
+                .downloadToLocal(FilerProto.DownloadToLocalRequest.newBuilder()
+                .setDirectory(dir).setName(name).build());
+
+        return downloadToLocalResponse.getEntry();
+    }
+}
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ public class SeaweedInputStream extends InputStream {

    private final FilerClient filerClient;
    private final String path;
-    private final FilerProto.Entry entry;
    private final List<SeaweedRead.VisibleInterval> visibleIntervalList;
    private final long contentLength;
+    private FilerProto.Entry entry;

    private long position = 0;  // cursor of the file

@@ -35,10 +35,14 @@ public class SeaweedInputStream extends InputStream {
        this.entry = filerClient.lookupEntry(
                SeaweedOutputStream.getParentDirectory(fullpath),
                SeaweedOutputStream.getFileName(fullpath));
-        if(entry == null){
+        if (entry == null) {
            throw new FileNotFoundException();
        }

+        if (RemoteUtil.isInRemoteOnly(entry)) {
+            entry = RemoteUtil.downloadRemoteEntry(filerClient, fullpath, entry);
+        }
+
        this.contentLength = SeaweedRead.fileSize(entry);

        this.visibleIntervalList = SeaweedRead.nonOverlappingVisibleIntervals(filerClient, entry.getChunksList());
@@ -54,6 +58,11 @@ public class SeaweedInputStream extends InputStream {
        this.filerClient = filerClient;
        this.path = path;
        this.entry = entry;
+
+        if (RemoteUtil.isInRemoteOnly(entry)) {
+            this.entry = RemoteUtil.downloadRemoteEntry(filerClient, path, entry);
+        }
+
        this.contentLength = SeaweedRead.fileSize(entry);

        this.visibleIntervalList = SeaweedRead.nonOverlappingVisibleIntervals(filerClient, entry.getChunksList());
@@ -111,8 +120,8 @@ public class SeaweedInputStream extends InputStream {
        long bytesRead = 0;
        int len = buf.remaining();
        int start = (int) this.position;
-        if (start+len <= entry.getContent().size()) {
-            entry.getContent().substring(start, start+len).copyTo(buf);
+        if (start + len <= entry.getContent().size()) {
+            entry.getContent().substring(start, start + len).copyTo(buf);
        } else {
            bytesRead = SeaweedRead.read(this.filerClient, this.visibleIntervalList, this.position, buf, SeaweedRead.fileSize(entry));
        }
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ public class SeaweedOutputStream extends OutputStream {
    private long lastTotalAppendOffset = 0;
    private ByteBuffer buffer;
    private long outputIndex;
-    private String replication = "000";
+    private String replication = "";

    public SeaweedOutputStream(FilerClient filerClient, final String fullpath) {
-        this(filerClient, fullpath, "000");
+        this(filerClient, fullpath, "");
    }

    public SeaweedOutputStream(FilerClient filerClient, final String fullpath, final String replication) {
@@ -64,10 +64,11 @@ public class SeaweedRead {
                startOffset += gap;
            }

-            FilerProto.Locations locations = knownLocations.get(parseVolumeId(chunkView.fileId));
+            String volumeId = parseVolumeId(chunkView.fileId);
+            FilerProto.Locations locations = knownLocations.get(volumeId);
            if (locations == null || locations.getLocationsCount() == 0) {
                LOG.error("failed to locate {}", chunkView.fileId);
-                // log here!
+                volumeIdCache.clearLocations(volumeId);
                return 0;
            }

@@ -27,4 +27,30 @@ public class SeaweedUtil {
    public static CloseableHttpClient getClosableHttpClient() {
        return httpClient;
    }
+
+    public static String[] toDirAndName(String fullpath) {
+        if (fullpath == null) {
+            return new String[]{"/", ""};
+        }
+        if (fullpath.endsWith("/")) {
+            fullpath = fullpath.substring(0, fullpath.length() - 1);
+        }
+        if (fullpath.length() == 0) {
+            return new String[]{"/", ""};
+        }
+        int sep = fullpath.lastIndexOf("/");
+        String parent = sep == 0 ? "/" : fullpath.substring(0, sep);
+        String name = fullpath.substring(sep + 1);
+        return new String[]{parent, name};
+    }
+
+    public static String joinHostPort(String host, int port) {
+        if (host.startsWith("[") && host.endsWith("]")) {
+            return host + ":" + port;
+        }
+        if (host.indexOf(':')>=0) {
+            return "[" + host + "]:" + port;
+        }
+        return host + ":" + port;
+    }
 }
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public class SeaweedWrite {
        String fileId = response.getFileId();
        String auth = response.getAuth();

-        String targetUrl = filerClient.getChunkUrl(fileId, response.getUrl(), response.getPublicUrl());
+        String targetUrl = filerClient.getChunkUrl(fileId, response.getLocation().getUrl(), response.getLocation().getPublicUrl());

        ByteString cipherKeyString = com.google.protobuf.ByteString.EMPTY;
        byte[] cipherKey = null;
@@ -26,6 +26,13 @@ public class VolumeIdCache {
        return this.cache.getIfPresent(volumeId);
    }

+    public void clearLocations(String volumeId) {
+        if (this.cache == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        this.cache.invalidate(volumeId);
+    }
+
    public void setLocations(String volumeId, FilerProto.Locations locations) {
        if (this.cache == null) {
            return;
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ service SeaweedFiler {
    rpc KvPut (KvPutRequest) returns (KvPutResponse) {
    }

+    rpc DownloadToLocal (DownloadToLocalRequest) returns (DownloadToLocalResponse) {
+    }
 }

 //////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -92,6 +94,13 @@ message ListEntriesResponse {
    Entry entry = 1;
 }

+message RemoteEntry {
+    string storage_name = 1;
+    int64 last_local_sync_ts_ns = 2;
+    string remote_e_tag = 3;
+    int64 remote_mtime = 4;
+    int64 remote_size = 5;
+}
 message Entry {
    string name = 1;
    bool is_directory = 2;
@@ -101,6 +110,8 @@ message Entry {
    bytes hard_link_id = 7;
    int32 hard_link_counter = 8; // only exists in hard link meta data
    bytes content = 9; // if not empty, the file content
+
+    RemoteEntry remote_entry = 10;
 }

 message FullEntry {
@@ -227,13 +238,12 @@ message AssignVolumeRequest {

 message AssignVolumeResponse {
    string file_id = 1;
-    string url = 2;
-    string public_url = 3;
    int32 count = 4;
    string auth = 5;
    string collection = 6;
    string replication = 7;
    string error = 8;
+    Location location = 9;
 }

 message LookupVolumeRequest {
@@ -247,6 +257,7 @@ message Locations {
 message Location {
    string url = 1;
    string public_url = 2;
+    uint32 grpc_port = 3;
 }
 message LookupVolumeResponse {
    map<string, Locations> locations_map = 1;
@@ -294,6 +305,7 @@ message GetFilerConfigurationResponse {
    string metrics_address = 9;
    int32 metrics_interval_sec = 10;
    string version = 11;
+    string cluster_id = 12;
 }

 message SubscribeMetadataRequest {
@@ -301,6 +313,7 @@ message SubscribeMetadataRequest {
    string path_prefix = 2;
    int64 since_ns = 3;
    int32 signature = 4;
+    repeated string path_prefixes = 6;
 }
 message SubscribeMetadataResponse {
    string directory = 1;
@@ -325,6 +338,7 @@ message KeepConnectedResponse {
 message LocateBrokerRequest {
    string resource = 1;
 }
+
 message LocateBrokerResponse {
    bool found = 1;
    // if found, send the exact address
@@ -336,7 +350,9 @@ message LocateBrokerResponse {
    repeated Resource resources = 2;
 }

+/////////////////////////
 // Key-Value operations
+/////////////////////////
 message KvGetRequest {
    bytes key = 1;
 }
@@ -352,7 +368,9 @@ message KvPutResponse {
    string error = 1;
 }

+/////////////////////////
 // path-based configurations
+/////////////////////////
 message FilerConf {
    int32 version = 1;
    message PathConf {
@@ -367,3 +385,14 @@ message FilerConf {
    }
    repeated PathConf locations = 2;
 }
+
+/////////////////////////
+// Remote Storage related
+/////////////////////////
+message DownloadToLocalRequest {
+    string directory = 1;
+    string name = 2;
+}
+message DownloadToLocalResponse {
+    Entry entry = 1;
+}
@@ -11,13 +11,13 @@
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.chrislusf</groupId>
            <artifactId>seaweedfs-client</artifactId>
-            <version>1.6.6</version>
+            <version>1.6.8</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.chrislusf</groupId>
            <artifactId>seaweedfs-hadoop2-client</artifactId>
-            <version>1.6.6</version>
+            <version>1.6.8</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.sonatype.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>nexus-staging-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-        <version>1.6.7</version>
+        <version>1.6.8</version>
        <extensions>true</extensions>
        <configuration>
          <serverId>ossrh</serverId>
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@
    </snapshotRepository>
  </distributionManagement>
  <properties>
-    <seaweedfs.client.version>1.6.6</seaweedfs.client.version>
+    <seaweedfs.client.version>1.6.8</seaweedfs.client.version>
    <hadoop.version>2.9.2</hadoop.version>
  </properties>
 </project>
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <properties>
-        <seaweedfs.client.version>1.6.6</seaweedfs.client.version>
+        <seaweedfs.client.version>1.6.8</seaweedfs.client.version>
        <hadoop.version>2.9.2</hadoop.version>
    </properties>

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.sonatype.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>nexus-staging-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>1.6.7</version>
+                <version>1.6.8</version>
                <extensions>true</extensions>
                <configuration>
                    <serverId>ossrh</serverId>
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ public class SeaweedFileSystem extends FileSystem {

    public static final String FS_SEAWEED_FILER_HOST = "fs.seaweed.filer.host";
    public static final String FS_SEAWEED_FILER_PORT = "fs.seaweed.filer.port";
+    public static final String FS_SEAWEED_FILER_PORT_GRPC = "fs.seaweed.filer.port.grpc";
    public static final int FS_SEAWEED_DEFAULT_PORT = 8888;
    public static final String FS_SEAWEED_BUFFER_SIZE = "fs.seaweed.buffer.size";
    public static final String FS_SEAWEED_REPLICATION = "fs.seaweed.replication";
@@ -50,9 +51,6 @@ public class SeaweedFileSystem extends FileSystem {
        // get host information from uri (overrides info in conf)
        String host = uri.getHost();
        host = (host == null) ? conf.get(FS_SEAWEED_FILER_HOST, "localhost") : host;
-        if (host == null) {
-            throw new IOException("Invalid host specified");
-        }
        conf.set(FS_SEAWEED_FILER_HOST, host);

        // get port information from uri, (overrides info in conf)
@@ -60,10 +58,12 @@ public class SeaweedFileSystem extends FileSystem {
        port = (port == -1) ? FS_SEAWEED_DEFAULT_PORT : port;
        conf.setInt(FS_SEAWEED_FILER_PORT, port);

+        int grpcPort = conf.getInt(FS_SEAWEED_FILER_PORT_GRPC, port+10000);
+
        setConf(conf);
        this.uri = uri;

-        seaweedFileSystemStore = new SeaweedFileSystemStore(host, port, conf);
+        seaweedFileSystemStore = new SeaweedFileSystemStore(host, port, grpcPort, conf);

    }

@@ -27,9 +27,8 @@ public class SeaweedFileSystemStore {
    private FilerClient filerClient;
    private Configuration conf;

-    public SeaweedFileSystemStore(String host, int port, Configuration conf) {
-        int grpcPort = 10000 + port;
-        filerClient = new FilerClient(host, grpcPort);
+    public SeaweedFileSystemStore(String host, int port, int grpcPort, Configuration conf) {
+        filerClient = new FilerClient(host, port, grpcPort);
        this.conf = conf;
        String volumeServerAccessMode = this.conf.get(FS_SEAWEED_VOLUME_SERVER_ACCESS, "direct");
        if (volumeServerAccessMode.equals("publicUrl")) {
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.sonatype.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>nexus-staging-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-        <version>1.6.7</version>
+        <version>1.6.8</version>
        <extensions>true</extensions>
        <configuration>
          <serverId>ossrh</serverId>
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@
    </snapshotRepository>
  </distributionManagement>
  <properties>
-    <seaweedfs.client.version>1.6.6</seaweedfs.client.version>
+    <seaweedfs.client.version>1.6.8</seaweedfs.client.version>
    <hadoop.version>3.1.1</hadoop.version>
  </properties>
 </project>
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <properties>
-        <seaweedfs.client.version>1.6.6</seaweedfs.client.version>
+        <seaweedfs.client.version>1.6.8</seaweedfs.client.version>
        <hadoop.version>3.1.1</hadoop.version>
    </properties>

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.sonatype.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>nexus-staging-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>1.6.7</version>
+                <version>1.6.8</version>
                <extensions>true</extensions>
                <configuration>
                    <serverId>ossrh</serverId>
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ public class SeaweedFileSystem extends FileSystem {

    public static final String FS_SEAWEED_FILER_HOST = "fs.seaweed.filer.host";
    public static final String FS_SEAWEED_FILER_PORT = "fs.seaweed.filer.port";
+    public static final String FS_SEAWEED_FILER_PORT_GRPC = "fs.seaweed.filer.port.grpc";
    public static final int FS_SEAWEED_DEFAULT_PORT = 8888;
    public static final String FS_SEAWEED_BUFFER_SIZE = "fs.seaweed.buffer.size";
    public static final String FS_SEAWEED_REPLICATION = "fs.seaweed.replication";
@@ -50,9 +51,6 @@ public class SeaweedFileSystem extends FileSystem {
        // get host information from uri (overrides info in conf)
        String host = uri.getHost();
        host = (host == null) ? conf.get(FS_SEAWEED_FILER_HOST, "localhost") : host;
-        if (host == null) {
-            throw new IOException("Invalid host specified");
-        }
        conf.set(FS_SEAWEED_FILER_HOST, host);

        // get port information from uri, (overrides info in conf)
@@ -60,10 +58,12 @@ public class SeaweedFileSystem extends FileSystem {
        port = (port == -1) ? FS_SEAWEED_DEFAULT_PORT : port;
        conf.setInt(FS_SEAWEED_FILER_PORT, port);

+        int grpcPort = conf.getInt(FS_SEAWEED_FILER_PORT_GRPC, port+10000);
+
        setConf(conf);
        this.uri = uri;

-        seaweedFileSystemStore = new SeaweedFileSystemStore(host, port, conf);
+        seaweedFileSystemStore = new SeaweedFileSystemStore(host, port, grpcPort, conf);

    }

@@ -27,9 +27,8 @@ public class SeaweedFileSystemStore {
    private FilerClient filerClient;
    private Configuration conf;

-    public SeaweedFileSystemStore(String host, int port, Configuration conf) {
-        int grpcPort = 10000 + port;
-        filerClient = new FilerClient(host, grpcPort);
+    public SeaweedFileSystemStore(String host, int port, int grpcPort, Configuration conf) {
+        filerClient = new FilerClient(host, port, grpcPort);
        this.conf = conf;
        String volumeServerAccessMode = this.conf.get(FS_SEAWEED_VOLUME_SERVER_ACCESS, "direct");
        if (volumeServerAccessMode.equals("publicUrl")) {
@@ -6,13 +6,9 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"math"
-	"os"
-	"strings"
-
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/operation"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/volume_server_pb"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/security"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/storage/idx"
@@ -20,6 +16,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/storage/types"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"io"
+	"math"
+	"os"
 )

 var (
@@ -45,13 +44,13 @@ func main() {
 	grpcDialOption = security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")

 	vid := uint32(*volumeId)
-	servers := strings.Split(*serversStr, ",")
+	servers := pb.ServerAddresses(*serversStr).ToAddresses()
 	if len(servers) < 2 {
 		glog.Fatalf("You must specify more than 1 server\n")
 	}
-	var referenceServer string
+	var referenceServer pb.ServerAddress
 	var maxOffset int64
-	allFiles := map[string]map[types.NeedleId]needleState{}
+	allFiles := map[pb.ServerAddress]map[types.NeedleId]needleState{}
 	for _, addr := range servers {
 		files, offset, err := getVolumeFiles(vid, addr)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ type needleState struct {
 	size  types.Size
 }

-func getVolumeFiles(v uint32, addr string) (map[types.NeedleId]needleState, int64, error) {
+func getVolumeFiles(v uint32, addr pb.ServerAddress) (map[types.NeedleId]needleState, int64, error) {
 	var idxFile *bytes.Reader
 	err := operation.WithVolumeServerClient(addr, grpcDialOption, func(vs volume_server_pb.VolumeServerClient) error {
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@ func getVolumeFiles(v uint32, addr string) (map[types.NeedleId]needleState, int6
 	return files, maxOffset, nil
 }

-func getNeedleFileId(v uint32, nid types.NeedleId, addr string) (string, error) {
+func getNeedleFileId(v uint32, nid types.NeedleId, addr pb.ServerAddress) (string, error) {
 	var id string
 	err := operation.WithVolumeServerClient(addr, grpcDialOption, func(vs volume_server_pb.VolumeServerClient) error {
 		resp, err := vs.VolumeNeedleStatus(context.Background(), &volume_server_pb.VolumeNeedleStatusRequest{
@@ -1,23 +1,22 @@
 package main

 import (
-	"context"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/filer_pb"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
-	"io"
 	"strconv"
 	"time"
 )

 var (
-	dir       = flag.String("dir", "/tmp", "directory to create files")
-	n         = flag.Int("n", 100, "the number of metadata")
-	tailFiler = flag.String("filer", "localhost:8888", "the filer address")
-	isWrite   = flag.Bool("write", false, "only write")
+	dir           = flag.String("dir", "/tmp", "directory to create files")
+	n             = flag.Int("n", 100, "the number of metadata")
+	tailFiler     = flag.String("filer", "localhost:8888", "the filer address")
+	isWrite       = flag.Bool("write", false, "only write")
+	writeInterval = flag.Duration("writeInterval", 0, "write interval, e.g., 1s")
 )

 func main() {
@@ -52,10 +51,11 @@ func main() {
 }

 func startGenerateMetadata() {
-	pb.WithFilerClient(*tailFiler, grpc.WithInsecure(), func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+	pb.WithFilerClient(pb.ServerAddress(*tailFiler), grpc.WithInsecure(), func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {

 		for i := 0; i < *n; i++ {
 			name := fmt.Sprintf("file%d", i)
+			glog.V(0).Infof("write %s/%s", *dir, name)
 			if err := filer_pb.CreateEntry(client, &filer_pb.CreateEntryRequest{
 				Directory: *dir,
 				Entry: &filer_pb.Entry{
@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@ func startGenerateMetadata() {
 				fmt.Printf("create entry %s: %v\n", name, err)
 				return err
 			}
+			if *writeInterval > 0 {
+				time.Sleep(*writeInterval)
+			}
 		}

 		return nil
@@ -74,38 +77,8 @@ func startGenerateMetadata() {

 func startSubscribeMetadata(eachEntryFunc func(event *filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataResponse) error) {

-	lastTsNs := int64(0)
+	tailErr := pb.FollowMetadata(pb.ServerAddress(*tailFiler), grpc.WithInsecure(), "tail", *dir, nil, 0, 0, eachEntryFunc, false)

-	tailErr := pb.WithFilerClient(*tailFiler, grpc.WithInsecure(), func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
-
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-		defer cancel()
-
-		stream, err := client.SubscribeMetadata(ctx, &filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataRequest{
-			ClientName: "tail",
-			PathPrefix: *dir,
-			SinceNs:    lastTsNs,
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("listen: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		for {
-			resp, listenErr := stream.Recv()
-			if listenErr == io.EOF {
-				return nil
-			}
-			if listenErr != nil {
-				return listenErr
-			}
-			if err = eachEntryFunc(resp); err != nil {
-				glog.V(0).Infof("tail last record:%+v", time.Unix(0, lastTsNs))
-				return err
-			}
-			lastTsNs = resp.TsNs
-		}
-
-	})
 	if tailErr != nil {
 		fmt.Printf("tail %s: %v\n", *tailFiler, tailErr)
 	}
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package main
 import (
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
 	"log"
 	"math/rand"
 	"time"
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ func main() {
 	go func() {
 		for {
 			println("vacuum threshold", *garbageThreshold)
-			_, _, err := util.Get(fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/vol/vacuum?garbageThreshold=%f", *master, *garbageThreshold))
+			_, _, err := util.Get(fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/vol/vacuum?garbageThreshold=%f", pb.ServerAddress(*master).ToHttpAddress(), *garbageThreshold))
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Fatalf("vacuum: %v", err)
 			}
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ func main() {
 }

 func genFile(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, i int) (*operation.AssignResult, string) {
-	assignResult, err := operation.Assign(func() string { return *master }, grpcDialOption, &operation.VolumeAssignRequest{
+	assignResult, err := operation.Assign(func() pb.ServerAddress { return pb.ServerAddress(*master) }, grpcDialOption, &operation.VolumeAssignRequest{
 		Count:       1,
 		Replication: *replication,
 	})
@@ -65,7 +66,16 @@ func genFile(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, i int) (*operation.AssignResult, st

 	targetUrl := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/%s", assignResult.Url, assignResult.Fid)

-	_, err = operation.UploadData(targetUrl, fmt.Sprintf("test%d", i), false, data, false, "bench/test", nil, assignResult.Auth)
+	uploadOption := &operation.UploadOption{
+		UploadUrl:         targetUrl,
+		Filename:          fmt.Sprintf("test%d", i),
+		Cipher:            false,
+		IsInputCompressed: true,
+		MimeType:          "bench/test",
+		PairMap:           nil,
+		Jwt:               assignResult.Auth,
+	}
+	_, err = operation.UploadData(data, uploadOption)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatalf("upload: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func walkMetaFile(dst *os.File) error {

 		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "file %s %v\n", util.FullPath(fullEntry.Dir).Child(fullEntry.Entry.Name), fullEntry.Entry.Attributes.String())
 		for i, chunk := range fullEntry.Entry.Chunks {
-			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "  chunk %d %v\n", i+1, chunk.String())
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "  chunk: %d %v %d,%x%08x\n", i+1, chunk, chunk.Fid.VolumeId, chunk.Fid.FileKey, chunk.Fid.Cookie)
 		}

 	}
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package main

 import (
 	"flag"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
 	"log"
 	"time"

@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ func main() {
 		sinceTimeNs = time.Now().Add(-*rewindDuration).UnixNano()
 	}

-	err := operation.TailVolume(func()string{return *master}, grpcDialOption, vid, uint64(sinceTimeNs), *timeoutSeconds, func(n *needle.Needle) (err error) {
+	err := operation.TailVolume(func()pb.ServerAddress{return pb.ServerAddress(*master)}, grpcDialOption, vid, uint64(sinceTimeNs), *timeoutSeconds, func(n *needle.Needle) (err error) {
 		if n.Size == 0 {
 			println("-", n.String())
 			return nil
@@ -37,3 +37,16 @@ debug_s3:
 debug_filer_copy:
 	go build -gcflags="all=-N -l"
 	dlv --listen=:2345 --headless=true --api-version=2 --accept-multiclient exec weed -- -v=4 filer.backup -filer=localhost:8888 -filerProxy -timeAgo=10h
+
+debug_filer_remote_sync_dir:
+	go build -gcflags="all=-N -l"
+	dlv --listen=:2345 --headless=true --api-version=2 --accept-multiclient exec weed -- -v=4 filer.remote.sync -filer="localhost:8888" -dir=/buckets/b2 -timeAgo=1h
+
+debug_filer_remote_sync_buckets:
+	go build -gcflags="all=-N -l"
+	dlv --listen=:2345 --headless=true --api-version=2 --accept-multiclient exec weed -- -v=4 filer.remote.sync -filer="localhost:8888" -createBucketAt=cloud1 -timeAgo=1h
+
+debug_master_follower:
+	go build -gcflags="all=-N -l"
+	dlv --listen=:2345 --headless=true --api-version=2 --accept-multiclient exec weed -- -v=4 master.follower
+
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	flag "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util/fla9"
+	"github.com/posener/complete"
+	completeinstall "github.com/posener/complete/cmd/install"
+	"runtime"
+)
+
+func AutocompleteMain(commands []*Command) bool {
+	subCommands := make(map[string]complete.Command)
+	helpSubCommands := make(map[string]complete.Command)
+	for _, cmd := range commands {
+		flags := make(map[string]complete.Predictor)
+		cmd.Flag.VisitAll(func(flag *flag.Flag) {
+			flags["-"+flag.Name] = complete.PredictAnything
+		})
+
+		subCommands[cmd.Name()] = complete.Command{
+			Flags: flags,
+		}
+		helpSubCommands[cmd.Name()] = complete.Command{}
+	}
+	subCommands["help"] = complete.Command{Sub: helpSubCommands}
+
+	globalFlags := make(map[string]complete.Predictor)
+	flag.VisitAll(func(flag *flag.Flag) {
+		globalFlags["-"+flag.Name] = complete.PredictAnything
+	})
+
+	weedCmd := complete.Command{
+		Sub:         subCommands,
+		Flags:       globalFlags,
+		GlobalFlags: complete.Flags{"-h": complete.PredictNothing},
+	}
+	cmp := complete.New("weed", weedCmd)
+
+	return cmp.Complete()
+}
+
+func installAutoCompletion() bool {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		fmt.Println("windows is not supported")
+		return false
+	}
+
+	err := completeinstall.Install("weed")
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("install failed! %s\n", err)
+		return false
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("autocompletion is enabled. Please restart your shell.\n")
+	return true
+}
+
+func uninstallAutoCompletion() bool {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		fmt.Println("windows is not supported")
+		return false
+	}
+
+	err := completeinstall.Uninstall("weed")
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("uninstall failed! %s\n", err)
+		return false
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("autocompletion is disable. Please restart your shell.\n")
+	return true
+}
+
+var cmdAutocomplete = &Command{
+	Run:       runAutocomplete,
+	UsageLine: "autocomplete",
+	Short:     "install autocomplete",
+	Long: `weed autocomplete is installed in the shell.
+
+    Supported shells are bash, zsh, and fish.
+    Windows is not supported.
+
+`,
+}
+
+func runAutocomplete(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
+	if len(args) != 0 {
+		cmd.Usage()
+	}
+
+	return installAutoCompletion()
+}
+
+var cmdUnautocomplete = &Command{
+	Run:       runUnautocomplete,
+	UsageLine: "autocomplete.uninstall",
+	Short:     "uninstall autocomplete",
+	Long: `weed autocomplete is uninstalled in the shell.
+
+    Windows is not supported.
+
+`,
+}
+
+func runUnautocomplete(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
+	if len(args) != 0 {
+		cmd.Usage()
+	}
+
+	return uninstallAutoCompletion()
+}
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package command

 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"

 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/security"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/storage/needle"
@@ -72,12 +73,12 @@ func runBackup(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 	vid := needle.VolumeId(*s.volumeId)

 	// find volume location, replication, ttl info
-	lookup, err := operation.Lookup(func() string { return *s.master }, vid.String())
+	lookup, err := operation.LookupVolumeId(func() pb.ServerAddress { return pb.ServerAddress(*s.master) }, grpcDialOption, vid.String())
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Printf("Error looking up volume %d: %v\n", vid, err)
 		return true
 	}
-	volumeServer := lookup.Locations[0].Url
+	volumeServer := lookup.Locations[0].ServerAddress()

 	stats, err := operation.GetVolumeSyncStatus(volumeServer, grpcDialOption, uint32(vid))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package command
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
 	"io"
 	"math"
 	"math/rand"
@@ -10,7 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"runtime"
 	"runtime/pprof"
 	"sort"
-	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func runBenchmark(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		defer pprof.StopCPUProfile()
 	}

-	b.masterClient = wdclient.NewMasterClient(b.grpcDialOption, "client", "", 0, "", strings.Split(*b.masters, ","))
+	b.masterClient = wdclient.NewMasterClient(b.grpcDialOption, "client", "", "", pb.ServerAddresses(*b.masters).ToAddresses())
 	go b.masterClient.KeepConnectedToMaster()
 	b.masterClient.WaitUntilConnected()

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ func writeFiles(idChan chan int, fileIdLineChan chan string, s *stat) {
 				}
 				var jwtAuthorization security.EncodedJwt
 				if isSecure {
-					jwtAuthorization = operation.LookupJwt(b.masterClient.GetMaster(), df.fp.Fid)
+					jwtAuthorization = operation.LookupJwt(b.masterClient.GetMaster(), b.grpcDialOption, df.fp.Fid)
 				}
 				if e := util.Delete(fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/%s", df.fp.Server, df.fp.Fid), string(jwtAuthorization)); e == nil {
 					s.completed++
@@ -8,23 +8,27 @@ import (
 )

 var Commands = []*Command{
-	cmdBenchmark,
+	cmdAutocomplete,
+	cmdUnautocomplete,
 	cmdBackup,
+	cmdBenchmark,
 	cmdCompact,
-	cmdCopy,
 	cmdDownload,
 	cmdExport,
 	cmdFiler,
 	cmdFilerBackup,
 	cmdFilerCat,
+	cmdFilerCopy,
 	cmdFilerMetaBackup,
 	cmdFilerMetaTail,
+	cmdFilerRemoteGateway,
+	cmdFilerRemoteSynchronize,
 	cmdFilerReplicate,
 	cmdFilerSynchronize,
 	cmdFix,
 	cmdFuse,
-	cmdGateway,
 	cmdMaster,
+	cmdMasterFollower,
 	cmdMount,
 	cmdS3,
 	cmdIam,
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@ package command

 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/security"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"net/http"
@@ -43,20 +46,23 @@ var cmdDownload = &Command{
 }

 func runDownload(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
+	util.LoadConfiguration("security", false)
+	grpcDialOption := security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")
+
 	for _, fid := range args {
-		if e := downloadToFile(func() string { return *d.server }, fid, util.ResolvePath(*d.dir)); e != nil {
+		if e := downloadToFile(func() pb.ServerAddress { return pb.ServerAddress(*d.server) }, grpcDialOption, fid, util.ResolvePath(*d.dir)); e != nil {
 			fmt.Println("Download Error: ", fid, e)
 		}
 	}
 	return true
 }

-func downloadToFile(masterFn operation.GetMasterFn, fileId, saveDir string) error {
-	fileUrl, lookupError := operation.LookupFileId(masterFn, fileId)
+func downloadToFile(masterFn operation.GetMasterFn, grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, fileId, saveDir string) error {
+	fileUrl, jwt, lookupError := operation.LookupFileId(masterFn, grpcDialOption, fileId)
 	if lookupError != nil {
 		return lookupError
 	}
-	filename, _, rc, err := util.DownloadFile(fileUrl)
+	filename, _, rc, err := util.DownloadFile(fileUrl, jwt)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -83,7 +89,7 @@ func downloadToFile(masterFn operation.GetMasterFn, fileId, saveDir string) erro
 		fids := strings.Split(string(content), "\n")
 		for _, partId := range fids {
 			var n int
-			_, part, err := fetchContent(masterFn, partId)
+			_, part, err := fetchContent(masterFn, grpcDialOption, partId)
 			if err == nil {
 				n, err = f.Write(part)
 			}
@@ -103,13 +109,13 @@ func downloadToFile(masterFn operation.GetMasterFn, fileId, saveDir string) erro
 	return nil
 }

-func fetchContent(masterFn operation.GetMasterFn, fileId string) (filename string, content []byte, e error) {
-	fileUrl, lookupError := operation.LookupFileId(masterFn, fileId)
+func fetchContent(masterFn operation.GetMasterFn, grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, fileId string) (filename string, content []byte, e error) {
+	fileUrl, jwt, lookupError := operation.LookupFileId(masterFn, grpcDialOption, fileId)
 	if lookupError != nil {
 		return "", nil, lookupError
 	}
 	var rc *http.Response
-	if filename, _, rc, e = util.DownloadFile(fileUrl); e != nil {
+	if filename, _, rc, e = util.DownloadFile(fileUrl, jwt); e != nil {
 		return "", nil, e
 	}
 	defer util.CloseResponse(rc)
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"

@@ -30,10 +29,12 @@ var (
 )

 type FilerOptions struct {
-	masters                 *string
+	masters                 []pb.ServerAddress
+	mastersString           *string
 	ip                      *string
 	bindIp                  *string
 	port                    *int
+	portGrpc                *int
 	publicPort              *int
 	collection              *string
 	defaultReplicaPlacement *string
@@ -50,15 +51,18 @@ type FilerOptions struct {
 	saveToFilerLimit        *int
 	defaultLevelDbDirectory *string
 	concurrentUploadLimitMB *int
+	debug                   *bool
+	debugPort               *int
 }

 func init() {
 	cmdFiler.Run = runFiler // break init cycle
-	f.masters = cmdFiler.Flag.String("master", "localhost:9333", "comma-separated master servers")
+	f.mastersString = cmdFiler.Flag.String("master", "localhost:9333", "comma-separated master servers")
 	f.collection = cmdFiler.Flag.String("collection", "", "all data will be stored in this default collection")
 	f.ip = cmdFiler.Flag.String("ip", util.DetectedHostAddress(), "filer server http listen ip address")
 	f.bindIp = cmdFiler.Flag.String("ip.bind", "", "ip address to bind to")
 	f.port = cmdFiler.Flag.Int("port", 8888, "filer server http listen port")
+	f.portGrpc = cmdFiler.Flag.Int("port.grpc", 18888, "filer server grpc listen port")
 	f.publicPort = cmdFiler.Flag.Int("port.readonly", 0, "readonly port opened to public")
 	f.defaultReplicaPlacement = cmdFiler.Flag.String("defaultReplicaPlacement", "", "default replication type. If not specified, use master setting.")
 	f.disableDirListing = cmdFiler.Flag.Bool("disableDirListing", false, "turn off directory listing")
@@ -73,6 +77,8 @@ func init() {
 	f.saveToFilerLimit = cmdFiler.Flag.Int("saveToFilerLimit", 0, "files smaller than this limit will be saved in filer store")
 	f.defaultLevelDbDirectory = cmdFiler.Flag.String("defaultStoreDir", ".", "if filer.toml is empty, use an embedded filer store in the directory")
 	f.concurrentUploadLimitMB = cmdFiler.Flag.Int("concurrentUploadLimitMB", 128, "limit total concurrent upload size")
+	f.debug = cmdFiler.Flag.Bool("debug", false, "serves runtime profiling data, e.g., http://localhost:<debug.port>/debug/pprof/goroutine?debug=2")
+	f.debugPort = cmdFiler.Flag.Int("debug.port", 6060, "http port for debugging")

 	// start s3 on filer
 	filerStartS3 = cmdFiler.Flag.Bool("s3", false, "whether to start S3 gateway")
@@ -122,12 +128,15 @@ var cmdFiler = &Command{
 }

 func runFiler(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
+	if *f.debug {
+		go http.ListenAndServe(fmt.Sprintf(":%d", *f.debugPort), nil)
+	}

 	util.LoadConfiguration("security", false)

 	go stats_collect.StartMetricsServer(*f.metricsHttpPort)

-	filerAddress := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", *f.ip, *f.port)
+	filerAddress := util.JoinHostPort(*f.ip, *f.port)
 	startDelay := time.Duration(2)
 	if *filerStartS3 {
 		filerS3Options.filer = &filerAddress
@@ -149,13 +158,15 @@ func runFiler(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {

 	if *filerStartIam {
 		filerIamOptions.filer = &filerAddress
-		filerIamOptions.masters = f.masters
+		filerIamOptions.masters = f.mastersString
 		go func() {
 			time.Sleep(startDelay * time.Second)
 			filerIamOptions.startIamServer()
 		}()
 	}

+	f.masters = pb.ServerAddresses(*f.mastersString).ToAddresses()
+
 	f.startFiler()

 	return true
@@ -177,8 +188,10 @@ func (fo *FilerOptions) startFiler() {
 		peers = strings.Split(*fo.peers, ",")
 	}

+	filerAddress := pb.NewServerAddress(*fo.ip, *fo.port, *fo.portGrpc)
+
 	fs, nfs_err := weed_server.NewFilerServer(defaultMux, publicVolumeMux, &weed_server.FilerOption{
-		Masters:               strings.Split(*fo.masters, ","),
+		Masters:               fo.masters,
 		Collection:            *fo.collection,
 		DefaultReplication:    *fo.defaultReplicaPlacement,
 		DisableDirListing:     *fo.disableDirListing,
@@ -188,11 +201,10 @@ func (fo *FilerOptions) startFiler() {
 		Rack:                  *fo.rack,
 		DefaultLevelDbDir:     defaultLevelDbDirectory,
 		DisableHttp:           *fo.disableHttp,
-		Host:                  *fo.ip,
-		Port:                  uint32(*fo.port),
+		Host:                  filerAddress,
 		Cipher:                *fo.cipher,
 		SaveToFilerLimit:      int64(*fo.saveToFilerLimit),
-		Filers:                peers,
+		Filers:                pb.FromAddressStrings(peers),
 		ConcurrentUploadLimit: int64(*fo.concurrentUploadLimitMB) * 1024 * 1024,
 	})
 	if nfs_err != nil {
@@ -200,7 +212,7 @@ func (fo *FilerOptions) startFiler() {
 	}

 	if *fo.publicPort != 0 {
-		publicListeningAddress := *fo.bindIp + ":" + strconv.Itoa(*fo.publicPort)
+		publicListeningAddress := util.JoinHostPort(*fo.bindIp, *fo.publicPort)
 		glog.V(0).Infoln("Start Seaweed filer server", util.Version(), "public at", publicListeningAddress)
 		publicListener, e := util.NewListener(publicListeningAddress, 0)
 		if e != nil {
@@ -215,7 +227,7 @@ func (fo *FilerOptions) startFiler() {

 	glog.V(0).Infof("Start Seaweed Filer %s at %s:%d", util.Version(), *fo.ip, *fo.port)
 	filerListener, e := util.NewListener(
-		*fo.bindIp+":"+strconv.Itoa(*fo.port),
+		util.JoinHostPort(*fo.bindIp, *fo.port),
 		time.Duration(10)*time.Second,
 	)
 	if e != nil {
@@ -223,8 +235,8 @@ func (fo *FilerOptions) startFiler() {
 	}

 	// starting grpc server
-	grpcPort := *fo.port + 10000
-	grpcL, err := util.NewListener(*fo.bindIp+":"+strconv.Itoa(grpcPort), 0)
+	grpcPort := *fo.portGrpc
+	grpcL, err := util.NewListener(util.JoinHostPort(*fo.bindIp, grpcPort), 0)
 	if err != nil {
 		glog.Fatalf("failed to listen on grpc port %d: %v", grpcPort, err)
 	}
@@ -1,16 +1,13 @@
 package command

 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
-	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/filer_pb"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/source"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/security"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
-	"io"
 	"time"
 )

@@ -52,11 +49,11 @@ var cmdFilerBackup = &Command{

 func runFilerBackup(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {

-	grpcDialOption := security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")
-
 	util.LoadConfiguration("security", false)
 	util.LoadConfiguration("replication", true)

+	grpcDialOption := security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")
+
 	for {
 		err := doFilerBackup(grpcDialOption, &filerBackupOptions)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -81,7 +78,7 @@ func doFilerBackup(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, backupOption *FilerBackupOpti
 		return fmt.Errorf("no data sink configured in replication.toml")
 	}

-	sourceFiler := *backupOption.filer
+	sourceFiler := pb.ServerAddress(*backupOption.filer)
 	sourcePath := *backupOption.path
 	timeAgo := *backupOption.timeAgo
 	targetPath := dataSink.GetSinkToDirectory()
@@ -105,53 +102,17 @@ func doFilerBackup(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, backupOption *FilerBackupOpti

 	// create filer sink
 	filerSource := &source.FilerSource{}
-	filerSource.DoInitialize(sourceFiler, pb.ServerToGrpcAddress(sourceFiler), sourcePath, *backupOption.proxyByFiler)
+	filerSource.DoInitialize(sourceFiler.ToHttpAddress(), sourceFiler.ToGrpcAddress(), sourcePath, *backupOption.proxyByFiler)
 	dataSink.SetSourceFiler(filerSource)

 	processEventFn := genProcessFunction(sourcePath, targetPath, dataSink, debug)

-	return pb.WithFilerClient(sourceFiler, grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
-
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-		defer cancel()
-
-		stream, err := client.SubscribeMetadata(ctx, &filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataRequest{
-			ClientName: "backup_" + dataSink.GetName(),
-			PathPrefix: sourcePath,
-			SinceNs:    startFrom.UnixNano(),
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("listen: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		var counter int64
-		var lastWriteTime time.Time
-		for {
-			resp, listenErr := stream.Recv()
-
-			if listenErr == io.EOF {
-				return nil
-			}
-			if listenErr != nil {
-				return listenErr
-			}
-
-			if err := processEventFn(resp); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("processEventFn: %v", err)
-			}
-
-			counter++
-			if lastWriteTime.Add(3 * time.Second).Before(time.Now()) {
-				glog.V(0).Infof("backup %s progressed to %v %0.2f/sec", sourceFiler, time.Unix(0, resp.TsNs), float64(counter)/float64(3))
-				counter = 0
-				lastWriteTime = time.Now()
-				if err := setOffset(grpcDialOption, sourceFiler, BackupKeyPrefix, int32(sinkId), resp.TsNs); err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("setOffset: %v", err)
-				}
-			}
-
-		}
-
+	processEventFnWithOffset := pb.AddOffsetFunc(processEventFn, 3*time.Second, func(counter int64, lastTsNs int64) error {
+		glog.V(0).Infof("backup %s progressed to %v %0.2f/sec", sourceFiler, time.Unix(0, lastTsNs), float64(counter)/float64(3))
+		return setOffset(grpcDialOption, sourceFiler, BackupKeyPrefix, int32(sinkId), lastTsNs)
 	})

+	return pb.FollowMetadata(sourceFiler, grpcDialOption, "backup_"+dataSink.GetName(),
+		sourcePath, nil, startFrom.UnixNano(), 0, processEventFnWithOffset, false)
+
 }
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ var (

 type FilerCatOptions struct {
 	grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption
-	filerAddress   string
+	filerAddress   pb.ServerAddress
 	filerClient    filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient
 	output         *string
 }
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func runFilerCat(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		return false
 	}

-	filerCat.filerAddress = filerUrl.Host
+	filerCat.filerAddress = pb.ServerAddress(filerUrl.Host)
 	filerCat.grpcDialOption = security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")

 	dir, name := util.FullPath(urlPath).DirAndName()
@@ -108,6 +108,11 @@ func runFilerCat(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 			return err
 		}

+		if len(respLookupEntry.Entry.Content) > 0 {
+			_, err = writer.Write(respLookupEntry.Entry.Content)
+			return err
+		}
+
 		filerCat.filerClient = client

 		return filer.StreamContent(&filerCat, writer, respLookupEntry.Entry.Chunks, 0, math.MaxInt64)
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"net/http"
-	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
@@ -52,21 +51,21 @@ type CopyOptions struct {
 }

 func init() {
-	cmdCopy.Run = runCopy // break init cycle
-	cmdCopy.IsDebug = cmdCopy.Flag.Bool("debug", false, "verbose debug information")
-	copy.include = cmdCopy.Flag.String("include", "", "pattens of files to copy, e.g., *.pdf, *.html, ab?d.txt, works together with -dir")
-	copy.replication = cmdCopy.Flag.String("replication", "", "replication type")
-	copy.collection = cmdCopy.Flag.String("collection", "", "optional collection name")
-	copy.ttl = cmdCopy.Flag.String("ttl", "", "time to live, e.g.: 1m, 1h, 1d, 1M, 1y")
-	copy.diskType = cmdCopy.Flag.String("disk", "", "[hdd|ssd|<tag>] hard drive or solid state drive or any tag")
-	copy.maxMB = cmdCopy.Flag.Int("maxMB", 4, "split files larger than the limit")
-	copy.concurrenctFiles = cmdCopy.Flag.Int("c", 8, "concurrent file copy goroutines")
-	copy.concurrenctChunks = cmdCopy.Flag.Int("concurrentChunks", 8, "concurrent chunk copy goroutines for each file")
-	copy.checkSize = cmdCopy.Flag.Bool("check.size", false, "copy when the target file size is different from the source file")
-	copy.verbose = cmdCopy.Flag.Bool("verbose", false, "print out details during copying")
+	cmdFilerCopy.Run = runCopy // break init cycle
+	cmdFilerCopy.IsDebug = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.Bool("debug", false, "verbose debug information")
+	copy.include = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.String("include", "", "pattens of files to copy, e.g., *.pdf, *.html, ab?d.txt, works together with -dir")
+	copy.replication = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.String("replication", "", "replication type")
+	copy.collection = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.String("collection", "", "optional collection name")
+	copy.ttl = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.String("ttl", "", "time to live, e.g.: 1m, 1h, 1d, 1M, 1y")
+	copy.diskType = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.String("disk", "", "[hdd|ssd|<tag>] hard drive or solid state drive or any tag")
+	copy.maxMB = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.Int("maxMB", 4, "split files larger than the limit")
+	copy.concurrenctFiles = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.Int("c", 8, "concurrent file copy goroutines")
+	copy.concurrenctChunks = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.Int("concurrentChunks", 8, "concurrent chunk copy goroutines for each file")
+	copy.checkSize = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.Bool("check.size", false, "copy when the target file size is different from the source file")
+	copy.verbose = cmdFilerCopy.Flag.Bool("verbose", false, "print out details during copying")
 }

-var cmdCopy = &Command{
+var cmdFilerCopy = &Command{
 	UsageLine: "filer.copy file_or_dir1 [file_or_dir2 file_or_dir3] http://localhost:8888/path/to/a/folder/",
 	Short:     "copy one or a list of files to a filer folder",
 	Long: `copy one or a list of files, or batch copy one whole folder recursively, to a filer folder
@@ -92,35 +91,21 @@ func runCopy(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 	filerDestination := args[len(args)-1]
 	fileOrDirs := args[0 : len(args)-1]

-	filerUrl, err := url.Parse(filerDestination)
+	filerAddress, urlPath, err := pb.ParseUrl(filerDestination)
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Printf("The last argument should be a URL on filer: %v\n", err)
 		return false
 	}
-	urlPath := filerUrl.Path
 	if !strings.HasSuffix(urlPath, "/") {
 		fmt.Printf("The last argument should be a folder and end with \"/\"\n")
 		return false
 	}

-	if filerUrl.Port() == "" {
-		fmt.Printf("The filer port should be specified.\n")
-		return false
-	}
-
-	filerPort, parseErr := strconv.ParseUint(filerUrl.Port(), 10, 64)
-	if parseErr != nil {
-		fmt.Printf("The filer port parse error: %v\n", parseErr)
-		return false
-	}
-
-	filerGrpcPort := filerPort + 10000
-	filerGrpcAddress := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", filerUrl.Hostname(), filerGrpcPort)
 	copy.grpcDialOption = security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")

-	masters, collection, replication, dirBuckets, maxMB, cipher, err := readFilerConfiguration(copy.grpcDialOption, filerGrpcAddress)
+	masters, collection, replication, dirBuckets, maxMB, cipher, err := readFilerConfiguration(copy.grpcDialOption, filerAddress)
 	if err != nil {
-		fmt.Printf("read from filer %s: %v\n", filerGrpcAddress, err)
+		fmt.Printf("read from filer %s: %v\n", filerAddress, err)
 		return false
 	}
 	if strings.HasPrefix(urlPath, dirBuckets+"/") {
@@ -154,7 +139,7 @@ func runCopy(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 	}
 	copy.ttlSec = int32(ttl.Minutes()) * 60

-	if *cmdCopy.IsDebug {
+	if *cmdFilerCopy.IsDebug {
 		grace.SetupProfiling("filer.copy.cpu.pprof", "filer.copy.mem.pprof")
 	}

@@ -174,9 +159,8 @@ func runCopy(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		go func() {
 			defer waitGroup.Done()
 			worker := FileCopyWorker{
-				options:          &copy,
-				filerHost:        filerUrl.Host,
-				filerGrpcAddress: filerGrpcAddress,
+				options:      &copy,
+				filerAddress: filerAddress,
 			}
 			if err := worker.copyFiles(fileCopyTaskChan); err != nil {
 				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "copy file error: %v\n", err)
@@ -189,7 +173,7 @@ func runCopy(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 	return true
 }

-func readFilerConfiguration(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, filerGrpcAddress string) (masters []string, collection, replication string, dirBuckets string, maxMB uint32, cipher bool, err error) {
+func readFilerConfiguration(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, filerGrpcAddress pb.ServerAddress) (masters []string, collection, replication string, dirBuckets string, maxMB uint32, cipher bool, err error) {
 	err = pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(filerGrpcAddress, grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
 		resp, err := client.GetFilerConfiguration(context.Background(), &filer_pb.GetFilerConfigurationRequest{})
 		if err != nil {
@@ -241,9 +225,8 @@ func genFileCopyTask(fileOrDir string, destPath string, fileCopyTaskChan chan Fi
 }

 type FileCopyWorker struct {
-	options          *CopyOptions
-	filerHost        string
-	filerGrpcAddress string
+	options      *CopyOptions
+	filerAddress pb.ServerAddress
 }

 func (worker *FileCopyWorker) copyFiles(fileCopyTaskChan chan FileCopyTask) error {
@@ -321,7 +304,7 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) checkExistingFileFirst(task FileCopyTask, f *os.Fi
 		return
 	}

-	err = pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerGrpcAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+	err = pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {

 		request := &filer_pb.LookupDirectoryEntryRequest{
 			Directory: task.destinationUrlPath,
@@ -363,7 +346,7 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileAsOne(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File) err

 		// assign a volume
 		err = util.Retry("assignVolume", func() error {
-			return pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerGrpcAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+			return pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {

 				request := &filer_pb.AssignVolumeRequest{
 					Count:       1,
@@ -381,6 +364,9 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileAsOne(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File) err
 				if assignResult.Error != "" {
 					return fmt.Errorf("assign volume failure %v: %v", request, assignResult.Error)
 				}
+				if assignResult.Location.Url == "" {
+					return fmt.Errorf("assign volume failure %v: %v", request, assignResult)
+				}
 				return nil
 			})
 		})
@@ -388,9 +374,17 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileAsOne(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File) err
 			return fmt.Errorf("Failed to assign from %v: %v\n", worker.options.masters, err)
 		}

-		targetUrl := "http://" + assignResult.Url + "/" + assignResult.FileId
-
-		uploadResult, err := operation.UploadData(targetUrl, fileName, worker.options.cipher, data, false, mimeType, nil, security.EncodedJwt(assignResult.Auth))
+		targetUrl := "http://" + assignResult.Location.Url + "/" + assignResult.FileId
+		uploadOption := &operation.UploadOption{
+			UploadUrl:         targetUrl,
+			Filename:          fileName,
+			Cipher:            worker.options.cipher,
+			IsInputCompressed: false,
+			MimeType:          mimeType,
+			PairMap:           nil,
+			Jwt:               security.EncodedJwt(assignResult.Auth),
+		}
+		uploadResult, err := operation.UploadData(data, uploadOption)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("upload data %v to %s: %v\n", fileName, targetUrl, err)
 		}
@@ -403,10 +397,10 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileAsOne(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File) err

 		chunks = append(chunks, uploadResult.ToPbFileChunk(assignResult.FileId, 0))

-		fmt.Printf("copied %s => http://%s%s%s\n", f.Name(), worker.filerHost, task.destinationUrlPath, fileName)
+		fmt.Printf("copied %s => http://%s%s%s\n", f.Name(), worker.filerAddress.ToHttpAddress(), task.destinationUrlPath, fileName)
 	}

-	if err := pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerGrpcAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+	if err := pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
 		request := &filer_pb.CreateEntryRequest{
 			Directory: task.destinationUrlPath,
 			Entry: &filer_pb.Entry{
@@ -432,7 +426,7 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileAsOne(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File) err
 		}
 		return nil
 	}); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("upload data %v to http://%s%s%s: %v\n", fileName, worker.filerHost, task.destinationUrlPath, fileName, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("upload data %v to http://%s%s%s: %v\n", fileName, worker.filerAddress.ToHttpAddress(), task.destinationUrlPath, fileName, err)
 	}

 	return nil
@@ -463,7 +457,7 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileInChunks(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File,
 			var assignResult *filer_pb.AssignVolumeResponse
 			var assignError error
 			err := util.Retry("assignVolume", func() error {
-				return pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerGrpcAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+				return pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
 					request := &filer_pb.AssignVolumeRequest{
 						Count:       1,
 						Replication: *worker.options.replication,
@@ -487,7 +481,7 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileInChunks(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File,
 				fmt.Printf("Failed to assign from %v: %v\n", worker.options.masters, err)
 			}

-			targetUrl := "http://" + assignResult.Url + "/" + assignResult.FileId
+			targetUrl := "http://" + assignResult.Location.Url + "/" + assignResult.FileId
 			if collection == "" {
 				collection = assignResult.Collection
 			}
@@ -495,7 +489,16 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileInChunks(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File,
 				replication = assignResult.Replication
 			}

-			uploadResult, err, _ := operation.Upload(targetUrl, fileName+"-"+strconv.FormatInt(i+1, 10), worker.options.cipher, io.NewSectionReader(f, i*chunkSize, chunkSize), false, "", nil, security.EncodedJwt(assignResult.Auth))
+			uploadOption := &operation.UploadOption{
+				UploadUrl:         targetUrl,
+				Filename:          fileName + "-" + strconv.FormatInt(i+1, 10),
+				Cipher:            worker.options.cipher,
+				IsInputCompressed: false,
+				MimeType:          "",
+				PairMap:           nil,
+				Jwt:               security.EncodedJwt(assignResult.Auth),
+			}
+			uploadResult, err, _ := operation.Upload(io.NewSectionReader(f, i*chunkSize, chunkSize), uploadOption)
 			if err != nil {
 				uploadError = fmt.Errorf("upload data %v to %s: %v\n", fileName, targetUrl, err)
 				return
@@ -522,13 +525,18 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileInChunks(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File,
 		for _, chunk := range chunks {
 			fileIds = append(fileIds, chunk.FileId)
 		}
-		operation.DeleteFiles(func() string {
-			return copy.masters[0]
+		operation.DeleteFiles(func() pb.ServerAddress {
+			return pb.ServerAddress(copy.masters[0])
 		}, false, worker.options.grpcDialOption, fileIds)
 		return uploadError
 	}

-	if err := pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerGrpcAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+	manifestedChunks, manifestErr := filer.MaybeManifestize(worker.saveDataAsChunk, chunks)
+	if manifestErr != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create manifest: %v", manifestErr)
+	}
+
+	if err := pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
 		request := &filer_pb.CreateEntryRequest{
 			Directory: task.destinationUrlPath,
 			Entry: &filer_pb.Entry{
@@ -545,7 +553,7 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileInChunks(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File,
 					Collection:  collection,
 					TtlSec:      worker.options.ttlSec,
 				},
-				Chunks: chunks,
+				Chunks: manifestedChunks,
 			},
 		}

@@ -554,10 +562,10 @@ func (worker *FileCopyWorker) uploadFileInChunks(task FileCopyTask, f *os.File,
 		}
 		return nil
 	}); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("upload data %v to http://%s%s%s: %v\n", fileName, worker.filerHost, task.destinationUrlPath, fileName, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("upload data %v to http://%s%s%s: %v\n", fileName, worker.filerAddress.ToHttpAddress(), task.destinationUrlPath, fileName, err)
 	}

-	fmt.Printf("copied %s => http://%s%s%s\n", f.Name(), worker.filerHost, task.destinationUrlPath, fileName)
+	fmt.Printf("copied %s => http://%s%s%s\n", f.Name(), worker.filerAddress.ToHttpAddress(), task.destinationUrlPath, fileName)

 	return nil
 }
@@ -580,3 +588,63 @@ func detectMimeType(f *os.File) string {
 	}
 	return mimeType
 }
+
+func (worker *FileCopyWorker) saveDataAsChunk(reader io.Reader, name string, offset int64) (chunk *filer_pb.FileChunk, collection, replication string, err error) {
+
+	var fileId, host string
+	var auth security.EncodedJwt
+
+	if flushErr := pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(worker.filerAddress, worker.options.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+
+		assignErr := util.Retry("assignVolume", func() error {
+			request := &filer_pb.AssignVolumeRequest{
+				Count:       1,
+				Replication: *worker.options.replication,
+				Collection:  *worker.options.collection,
+				TtlSec:      worker.options.ttlSec,
+				DiskType:    *worker.options.diskType,
+				Path:        name,
+			}
+
+			resp, err := client.AssignVolume(ctx, request)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("assign volume failure %v: %v", request, err)
+			}
+			if resp.Error != "" {
+				return fmt.Errorf("assign volume failure %v: %v", request, resp.Error)
+			}
+
+			fileId, host, auth = resp.FileId, resp.Location.Url, security.EncodedJwt(resp.Auth)
+			collection, replication = resp.Collection, resp.Replication
+
+			return nil
+		})
+		if assignErr != nil {
+			return assignErr
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}); flushErr != nil {
+		return nil, collection, replication, fmt.Errorf("filerGrpcAddress assign volume: %v", flushErr)
+	}
+
+	uploadOption := &operation.UploadOption{
+		UploadUrl:         fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/%s", host, fileId),
+		Filename:          name,
+		Cipher:            worker.options.cipher,
+		IsInputCompressed: false,
+		MimeType:          "",
+		PairMap:           nil,
+		Jwt:               auth,
+	}
+	uploadResult, flushErr, _ := operation.Upload(reader, uploadOption)
+	if flushErr != nil {
+		return nil, collection, replication, fmt.Errorf("upload data: %v", flushErr)
+	}
+	if uploadResult.Error != "" {
+		return nil, collection, replication, fmt.Errorf("upload result: %v", uploadResult.Error)
+	}
+	return uploadResult.ToPbFileChunk(fileId, offset), collection, replication, nil
+}
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
 	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
-	"io"
 	"reflect"
 	"time"

@@ -53,6 +52,7 @@ The backup writes to another filer store specified in a backup_filer.toml.

 func runFilerMetaBackup(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {

+	util.LoadConfiguration("security", false)
 	metaBackup.grpcDialOption = security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")

 	// load backup_filer.toml
@@ -189,48 +189,15 @@ func (metaBackup *FilerMetaBackupOptions) streamMetadataBackup() error {
 		return nil
 	}

-	tailErr := pb.WithFilerClient(*metaBackup.filerAddress, metaBackup.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
-
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-		defer cancel()
-
-		stream, err := client.SubscribeMetadata(ctx, &filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataRequest{
-			ClientName: "meta_backup",
-			PathPrefix: *metaBackup.filerDirectory,
-			SinceNs:    startTime.UnixNano(),
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("listen: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		var counter int64
-		var lastWriteTime time.Time
-		for {
-			resp, listenErr := stream.Recv()
-			if listenErr == io.EOF {
-				return nil
-			}
-			if listenErr != nil {
-				return listenErr
-			}
-			if err = eachEntryFunc(resp); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
-			counter++
-			if lastWriteTime.Add(3 * time.Second).Before(time.Now()) {
-				glog.V(0).Infof("meta backup %s progressed to %v %0.2f/sec", *metaBackup.filerAddress, time.Unix(0, resp.TsNs), float64(counter)/float64(3))
-				counter = 0
-				lastWriteTime = time.Now()
-				if err2 := metaBackup.setOffset(lastWriteTime); err2 != nil {
-					return err2
-				}
-			}
-
-		}
-
+	processEventFnWithOffset := pb.AddOffsetFunc(eachEntryFunc, 3*time.Second, func(counter int64, lastTsNs int64) error {
+		lastTime := time.Unix(0, lastTsNs)
+		glog.V(0).Infof("meta backup %s progressed to %v %0.2f/sec", *metaBackup.filerAddress, lastTime, float64(counter)/float64(3))
+		return metaBackup.setOffset(lastTime)
 	})
-	return tailErr
+
+	return pb.FollowMetadata(pb.ServerAddress(*metaBackup.filerAddress), metaBackup.grpcDialOption, "meta_backup",
+		*metaBackup.filerDirectory, nil, startTime.UnixNano(), 0, processEventFnWithOffset, false)
+
 }

 func (metaBackup *FilerMetaBackupOptions) getOffset() (lastWriteTime time.Time, err error) {
@@ -257,7 +224,7 @@ var _ = filer_pb.FilerClient(&FilerMetaBackupOptions{})

 func (metaBackup *FilerMetaBackupOptions) WithFilerClient(fn func(filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error) error {

-	return pb.WithFilerClient(*metaBackup.filerAddress, metaBackup.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+	return pb.WithFilerClient(pb.ServerAddress(*metaBackup.filerAddress), metaBackup.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
 		return fn(client)
 	})

@@ -3,16 +3,15 @@ package command
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
 	"github.com/golang/protobuf/jsonpb"
 	jsoniter "github.com/json-iterator/go"
 	"github.com/olivere/elastic/v7"
-	"io"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"time"

-	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/filer_pb"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/security"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util"
@@ -45,6 +44,7 @@ var (

 func runFilerMetaTail(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {

+	util.LoadConfiguration("security", false)
 	grpcDialOption := security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")

 	var filterFunc func(dir, fname string) bool
@@ -103,37 +103,18 @@ func runFilerMetaTail(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		}
 	}

-	tailErr := pb.WithFilerClient(*tailFiler, grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
-
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-		defer cancel()
-
-		stream, err := client.SubscribeMetadata(ctx, &filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataRequest{
-			ClientName: "tail",
-			PathPrefix: *tailTarget,
-			SinceNs:    time.Now().Add(-*tailStart).UnixNano(),
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("listen: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		for {
-			resp, listenErr := stream.Recv()
-			if listenErr == io.EOF {
+	tailErr := pb.FollowMetadata(pb.ServerAddress(*tailFiler), grpcDialOption, "tail",
+		*tailTarget, nil, time.Now().Add(-*tailStart).UnixNano(), 0,
+		func(resp *filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataResponse) error {
+			if !shouldPrint(resp) {
 				return nil
 			}
-			if listenErr != nil {
-				return listenErr
-			}
-			if !shouldPrint(resp) {
-				continue
-			}
-			if err = eachEntryFunc(resp); err != nil {
+			if err := eachEntryFunc(resp); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-		}
+			return nil
+		}, false)

-	})
 	if tailErr != nil {
 		fmt.Printf("tail %s: %v\n", *tailFiler, tailErr)
 	}
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/filer_pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/remote_pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/source"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/security"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"os"
+	"time"
+)
+
+type RemoteGatewayOptions struct {
+	filerAddress             *string
+	grpcDialOption           grpc.DialOption
+	readChunkFromFiler       *bool
+	timeAgo                  *time.Duration
+	createBucketAt           *string
+	createBucketRandomSuffix *bool
+	include                  *string
+	exclude                  *string
+
+	mappings    *remote_pb.RemoteStorageMapping
+	remoteConfs map[string]*remote_pb.RemoteConf
+	bucketsDir  string
+}
+
+var _ = filer_pb.FilerClient(&RemoteGatewayOptions{})
+
+func (option *RemoteGatewayOptions) WithFilerClient(fn func(filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error) error {
+	return pb.WithFilerClient(pb.ServerAddress(*option.filerAddress), option.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+		return fn(client)
+	})
+}
+func (option *RemoteGatewayOptions) AdjustedUrl(location *filer_pb.Location) string {
+	return location.Url
+}
+
+var (
+	remoteGatewayOptions RemoteGatewayOptions
+)
+
+func init() {
+	cmdFilerRemoteGateway.Run = runFilerRemoteGateway // break init cycle
+	remoteGatewayOptions.filerAddress = cmdFilerRemoteGateway.Flag.String("filer", "localhost:8888", "filer of the SeaweedFS cluster")
+	remoteGatewayOptions.createBucketAt = cmdFilerRemoteGateway.Flag.String("createBucketAt", "", "one remote storage name to create new buckets in")
+	remoteGatewayOptions.createBucketRandomSuffix = cmdFilerRemoteGateway.Flag.Bool("createBucketWithRandomSuffix", true, "add randomized suffix to bucket name to avoid conflicts")
+	remoteGatewayOptions.readChunkFromFiler = cmdFilerRemoteGateway.Flag.Bool("filerProxy", false, "read file chunks from filer instead of volume servers")
+	remoteGatewayOptions.timeAgo = cmdFilerRemoteGateway.Flag.Duration("timeAgo", 0, "start time before now. \"300ms\", \"1.5h\" or \"2h45m\". Valid time units are \"ns\", \"us\" (or \"µs\"), \"ms\", \"s\", \"m\", \"h\"")
+	remoteGatewayOptions.include = cmdFilerRemoteGateway.Flag.String("include", "", "pattens of new bucket names, e.g., s3*")
+	remoteGatewayOptions.exclude = cmdFilerRemoteGateway.Flag.String("exclude", "", "pattens of new bucket names, e.g., local*")
+}
+
+var cmdFilerRemoteGateway = &Command{
+	UsageLine: "filer.remote.gateway",
+	Short:     "resumable continuously write back bucket creation, deletion, and other local updates to remote object store",
+	Long: `resumable continuously write back bucket creation, deletion, and other local updates to remote object store
+
+	filer.remote.gateway listens on filer local buckets update events. 
+	If any bucket is created, deleted, or updated, it will mirror the changes to remote object store.
+
+		weed filer.remote.sync -createBucketAt=cloud1
+
+`,
+}
+
+func runFilerRemoteGateway(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
+
+	util.LoadConfiguration("security", false)
+	grpcDialOption := security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")
+	remoteGatewayOptions.grpcDialOption = grpcDialOption
+
+	filerAddress := pb.ServerAddress(*remoteGatewayOptions.filerAddress)
+
+	filerSource := &source.FilerSource{}
+	filerSource.DoInitialize(
+		filerAddress.ToHttpAddress(),
+		filerAddress.ToGrpcAddress(),
+		"/", // does not matter
+		*remoteGatewayOptions.readChunkFromFiler,
+	)
+
+	remoteGatewayOptions.bucketsDir = "/buckets"
+	// check buckets again
+	remoteGatewayOptions.WithFilerClient(func(filerClient filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+		resp, err := filerClient.GetFilerConfiguration(context.Background(), &filer_pb.GetFilerConfigurationRequest{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		remoteGatewayOptions.bucketsDir = resp.DirBuckets
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	// read filer remote storage mount mappings
+	if detectErr := remoteGatewayOptions.collectRemoteStorageConf(); detectErr != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "read mount info: %v\n", detectErr)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// synchronize /buckets folder
+	fmt.Printf("synchronize buckets in %s ...\n", remoteGatewayOptions.bucketsDir)
+	util.RetryForever("filer.remote.sync buckets", func() error {
+		return remoteGatewayOptions.followBucketUpdatesAndUploadToRemote(filerSource)
+	}, func(err error) bool {
+		if err != nil {
+			glog.Errorf("synchronize %s: %v", remoteGatewayOptions.bucketsDir, err)
+		}
+		return true
+	})
+	return true
+
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/filer_pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/remote_pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/remote_storage"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/source"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util"
+	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
+	"math"
+	"math/rand"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func (option *RemoteGatewayOptions) followBucketUpdatesAndUploadToRemote(filerSource *source.FilerSource) error {
+
+	// read filer remote storage mount mappings
+	if detectErr := option.collectRemoteStorageConf(); detectErr != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("read mount info: %v", detectErr)
+	}
+
+	eachEntryFunc, err := option.makeBucketedEventProcessor(filerSource)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	processEventFnWithOffset := pb.AddOffsetFunc(eachEntryFunc, 3*time.Second, func(counter int64, lastTsNs int64) error {
+		lastTime := time.Unix(0, lastTsNs)
+		glog.V(0).Infof("remote sync %s progressed to %v %0.2f/sec", *option.filerAddress, lastTime, float64(counter)/float64(3))
+		return remote_storage.SetSyncOffset(option.grpcDialOption, pb.ServerAddress(*option.filerAddress), option.bucketsDir, lastTsNs)
+	})
+
+	lastOffsetTs := collectLastSyncOffset(option, option.grpcDialOption, pb.ServerAddress(*option.filerAddress), option.bucketsDir, *option.timeAgo)
+
+	return pb.FollowMetadata(pb.ServerAddress(*option.filerAddress), option.grpcDialOption, "filer.remote.sync",
+		option.bucketsDir, []string{filer.DirectoryEtcRemote}, lastOffsetTs.UnixNano(), 0, processEventFnWithOffset, false)
+}
+
+func (option *RemoteGatewayOptions) makeBucketedEventProcessor(filerSource *source.FilerSource) (pb.ProcessMetadataFunc, error) {
+
+	handleCreateBucket := func(entry *filer_pb.Entry) error {
+		if !entry.IsDirectory {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if entry.RemoteEntry != nil {
+			// this directory is imported from "remote.mount.buckets" or "remote.mount"
+			return nil
+		}
+		if option.mappings.PrimaryBucketStorageName != "" && *option.createBucketAt == "" {
+			*option.createBucketAt = option.mappings.PrimaryBucketStorageName
+			glog.V(0).Infof("%s is set as the primary remote storage", *option.createBucketAt)
+		}
+		if len(option.mappings.Mappings) == 1 && *option.createBucketAt == "" {
+			for k := range option.mappings.Mappings {
+				*option.createBucketAt = k
+				glog.V(0).Infof("%s is set as the only remote storage", *option.createBucketAt)
+			}
+		}
+		if *option.createBucketAt == "" {
+			return nil
+		}
+		remoteConf, found := option.remoteConfs[*option.createBucketAt]
+		if !found {
+			return fmt.Errorf("un-configured remote storage %s", *option.createBucketAt)
+		}
+
+		client, err := remote_storage.GetRemoteStorage(remoteConf)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		bucketName := strings.ToLower(entry.Name)
+		if *option.include != "" {
+			if ok, _ := filepath.Match(*option.include, entry.Name); !ok {
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		if *option.exclude != "" {
+			if ok, _ := filepath.Match(*option.exclude, entry.Name); ok {
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		if *option.createBucketRandomSuffix {
+			// https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/bucketnamingrules.html
+			if len(bucketName)+5 > 63 {
+				bucketName = bucketName[:58]
+			}
+			bucketName = fmt.Sprintf("%s-%4d", bucketName, rand.Uint32()%10000)
+		}
+
+		glog.V(0).Infof("create bucket %s", bucketName)
+		if err := client.CreateBucket(bucketName); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create bucket %s in %s: %v", bucketName, remoteConf.Name, err)
+		}
+
+		bucketPath := util.FullPath(option.bucketsDir).Child(entry.Name)
+		remoteLocation := &remote_pb.RemoteStorageLocation{
+			Name:   *option.createBucketAt,
+			Bucket: bucketName,
+			Path:   "/",
+		}
+
+		// need to add new mapping here before getting upates from metadata tailing
+		option.mappings.Mappings[string(bucketPath)] = remoteLocation
+
+		return filer.InsertMountMapping(option, string(bucketPath), remoteLocation)
+
+	}
+	handleDeleteBucket := func(entry *filer_pb.Entry) error {
+		if !entry.IsDirectory {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		client, remoteStorageMountLocation, err := option.findRemoteStorageClient(entry.Name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("findRemoteStorageClient %s: %v", entry.Name, err)
+		}
+
+		glog.V(0).Infof("delete remote bucket %s", remoteStorageMountLocation.Bucket)
+		if err := client.DeleteBucket(remoteStorageMountLocation.Bucket); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("delete remote bucket %s: %v", remoteStorageMountLocation.Bucket, err)
+		}
+
+		bucketPath := util.FullPath(option.bucketsDir).Child(entry.Name)
+
+		return filer.DeleteMountMapping(option, string(bucketPath))
+	}
+
+	handleEtcRemoteChanges := func(resp *filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataResponse) error {
+		message := resp.EventNotification
+		if message.NewEntry != nil {
+			// update
+			if message.NewEntry.Name == filer.REMOTE_STORAGE_MOUNT_FILE {
+				newMappings, readErr := filer.UnmarshalRemoteStorageMappings(message.NewEntry.Content)
+				if readErr != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal mappings: %v", readErr)
+				}
+				option.mappings = newMappings
+			}
+			if strings.HasSuffix(message.NewEntry.Name, filer.REMOTE_STORAGE_CONF_SUFFIX) {
+				conf := &remote_pb.RemoteConf{}
+				if err := proto.Unmarshal(message.NewEntry.Content, conf); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal %s/%s: %v", filer.DirectoryEtcRemote, message.NewEntry.Name, err)
+				}
+				option.remoteConfs[conf.Name] = conf
+			}
+		} else if message.OldEntry != nil {
+			// deletion
+			if strings.HasSuffix(message.OldEntry.Name, filer.REMOTE_STORAGE_CONF_SUFFIX) {
+				conf := &remote_pb.RemoteConf{}
+				if err := proto.Unmarshal(message.OldEntry.Content, conf); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal %s/%s: %v", filer.DirectoryEtcRemote, message.OldEntry.Name, err)
+				}
+				delete(option.remoteConfs, conf.Name)
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	eachEntryFunc := func(resp *filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataResponse) error {
+		message := resp.EventNotification
+		if strings.HasPrefix(resp.Directory, filer.DirectoryEtcRemote) {
+			return handleEtcRemoteChanges(resp)
+		}
+
+		if message.OldEntry == nil && message.NewEntry == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if message.OldEntry == nil && message.NewEntry != nil {
+			if message.NewParentPath == option.bucketsDir {
+				return handleCreateBucket(message.NewEntry)
+			}
+			if !filer.HasData(message.NewEntry) {
+				return nil
+			}
+			bucket, remoteStorageMountLocation, remoteStorage, ok := option.detectBucketInfo(message.NewParentPath)
+			if !ok {
+				return nil
+			}
+			client, err := remote_storage.GetRemoteStorage(remoteStorage)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			glog.V(2).Infof("create: %+v", resp)
+			if !shouldSendToRemote(message.NewEntry) {
+				glog.V(2).Infof("skipping creating: %+v", resp)
+				return nil
+			}
+			dest := toRemoteStorageLocation(bucket, util.NewFullPath(message.NewParentPath, message.NewEntry.Name), remoteStorageMountLocation)
+			if message.NewEntry.IsDirectory {
+				glog.V(0).Infof("mkdir  %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(dest))
+				return client.WriteDirectory(dest, message.NewEntry)
+			}
+			glog.V(0).Infof("create %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(dest))
+			reader := filer.NewFileReader(filerSource, message.NewEntry)
+			remoteEntry, writeErr := client.WriteFile(dest, message.NewEntry, reader)
+			if writeErr != nil {
+				return writeErr
+			}
+			return updateLocalEntry(&remoteSyncOptions, message.NewParentPath, message.NewEntry, remoteEntry)
+		}
+		if message.OldEntry != nil && message.NewEntry == nil {
+			if resp.Directory == option.bucketsDir {
+				return handleDeleteBucket(message.OldEntry)
+			}
+			bucket, remoteStorageMountLocation, remoteStorage, ok := option.detectBucketInfo(resp.Directory)
+			if !ok {
+				return nil
+			}
+			client, err := remote_storage.GetRemoteStorage(remoteStorage)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			glog.V(2).Infof("delete: %+v", resp)
+			dest := toRemoteStorageLocation(bucket, util.NewFullPath(resp.Directory, message.OldEntry.Name), remoteStorageMountLocation)
+			if message.OldEntry.IsDirectory {
+				glog.V(0).Infof("rmdir  %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(dest))
+				return client.RemoveDirectory(dest)
+			}
+			glog.V(0).Infof("delete %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(dest))
+			return client.DeleteFile(dest)
+		}
+		if message.OldEntry != nil && message.NewEntry != nil {
+			if resp.Directory == option.bucketsDir {
+				if message.NewParentPath == option.bucketsDir {
+					if message.OldEntry.Name == message.NewEntry.Name {
+						return nil
+					}
+					if err := handleCreateBucket(message.NewEntry); err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					if err := handleDeleteBucket(message.OldEntry); err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			oldBucket, oldRemoteStorageMountLocation, oldRemoteStorage, oldOk := option.detectBucketInfo(resp.Directory)
+			newBucket, newRemoteStorageMountLocation, newRemoteStorage, newOk := option.detectBucketInfo(message.NewParentPath)
+			if oldOk && newOk {
+				if !shouldSendToRemote(message.NewEntry) {
+					glog.V(2).Infof("skipping updating: %+v", resp)
+					return nil
+				}
+				client, err := remote_storage.GetRemoteStorage(oldRemoteStorage)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				if resp.Directory == message.NewParentPath && message.OldEntry.Name == message.NewEntry.Name {
+					// update the same entry
+					if message.NewEntry.IsDirectory {
+						// update directory property
+						return nil
+					}
+					if filer.IsSameData(message.OldEntry, message.NewEntry) {
+						glog.V(2).Infof("update meta: %+v", resp)
+						oldDest := toRemoteStorageLocation(oldBucket, util.NewFullPath(resp.Directory, message.OldEntry.Name), oldRemoteStorageMountLocation)
+						return client.UpdateFileMetadata(oldDest, message.OldEntry, message.NewEntry)
+					} else {
+						newDest := toRemoteStorageLocation(newBucket, util.NewFullPath(message.NewParentPath, message.NewEntry.Name), newRemoteStorageMountLocation)
+						reader := filer.NewFileReader(filerSource, message.NewEntry)
+						glog.V(0).Infof("create %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(newDest))
+						remoteEntry, writeErr := client.WriteFile(newDest, message.NewEntry, reader)
+						if writeErr != nil {
+							return writeErr
+						}
+						return updateLocalEntry(&remoteSyncOptions, message.NewParentPath, message.NewEntry, remoteEntry)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			// the following is entry rename
+			if oldOk {
+				client, err := remote_storage.GetRemoteStorage(oldRemoteStorage)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				oldDest := toRemoteStorageLocation(oldBucket, util.NewFullPath(resp.Directory, message.OldEntry.Name), oldRemoteStorageMountLocation)
+				if message.OldEntry.IsDirectory {
+					return client.RemoveDirectory(oldDest)
+				}
+				glog.V(0).Infof("delete %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(oldDest))
+				if err := client.DeleteFile(oldDest); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
+			if newOk {
+				if !shouldSendToRemote(message.NewEntry) {
+					glog.V(2).Infof("skipping updating: %+v", resp)
+					return nil
+				}
+				client, err := remote_storage.GetRemoteStorage(newRemoteStorage)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				newDest := toRemoteStorageLocation(newBucket, util.NewFullPath(message.NewParentPath, message.NewEntry.Name), newRemoteStorageMountLocation)
+				if message.NewEntry.IsDirectory {
+					return client.WriteDirectory(newDest, message.NewEntry)
+				}
+				reader := filer.NewFileReader(filerSource, message.NewEntry)
+				glog.V(0).Infof("create %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(newDest))
+				remoteEntry, writeErr := client.WriteFile(newDest, message.NewEntry, reader)
+				if writeErr != nil {
+					return writeErr
+				}
+				return updateLocalEntry(&remoteSyncOptions, message.NewParentPath, message.NewEntry, remoteEntry)
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}
+	return eachEntryFunc, nil
+}
+
+func (option *RemoteGatewayOptions) findRemoteStorageClient(bucketName string) (client remote_storage.RemoteStorageClient, remoteStorageMountLocation *remote_pb.RemoteStorageLocation, err error) {
+	bucket := util.FullPath(option.bucketsDir).Child(bucketName)
+
+	var isMounted bool
+	remoteStorageMountLocation, isMounted = option.mappings.Mappings[string(bucket)]
+	if !isMounted {
+		return nil, remoteStorageMountLocation, fmt.Errorf("%s is not mounted", bucket)
+	}
+	remoteConf, hasClient := option.remoteConfs[remoteStorageMountLocation.Name]
+	if !hasClient {
+		return nil, remoteStorageMountLocation, fmt.Errorf("%s mounted to un-configured %+v", bucket, remoteStorageMountLocation)
+	}
+
+	client, err = remote_storage.GetRemoteStorage(remoteConf)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, remoteStorageMountLocation, err
+	}
+	return client, remoteStorageMountLocation, nil
+}
+
+func (option *RemoteGatewayOptions) detectBucketInfo(actualDir string) (bucket util.FullPath, remoteStorageMountLocation *remote_pb.RemoteStorageLocation, remoteConf *remote_pb.RemoteConf, ok bool) {
+	bucket, ok = extractBucketPath(option.bucketsDir, actualDir)
+	if !ok {
+		return "", nil, nil, false
+	}
+	var isMounted bool
+	remoteStorageMountLocation, isMounted = option.mappings.Mappings[string(bucket)]
+	if !isMounted {
+		glog.Warningf("%s is not mounted", bucket)
+		return "", nil, nil, false
+	}
+	var hasClient bool
+	remoteConf, hasClient = option.remoteConfs[remoteStorageMountLocation.Name]
+	if !hasClient {
+		glog.Warningf("%s mounted to un-configured %+v", bucket, remoteStorageMountLocation)
+		return "", nil, nil, false
+	}
+	return bucket, remoteStorageMountLocation, remoteConf, true
+}
+
+func extractBucketPath(bucketsDir, dir string) (util.FullPath, bool) {
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(dir, bucketsDir+"/") {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	parts := strings.SplitN(dir[len(bucketsDir)+1:], "/", 2)
+	return util.FullPath(bucketsDir).Child(parts[0]), true
+}
+
+func (option *RemoteGatewayOptions) collectRemoteStorageConf() (err error) {
+
+	if mappings, err := filer.ReadMountMappings(option.grpcDialOption, pb.ServerAddress(*option.filerAddress)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	} else {
+		option.mappings = mappings
+	}
+
+	option.remoteConfs = make(map[string]*remote_pb.RemoteConf)
+	var lastConfName string
+	err = filer_pb.List(option, filer.DirectoryEtcRemote, "", func(entry *filer_pb.Entry, isLast bool) error {
+		if !strings.HasSuffix(entry.Name, filer.REMOTE_STORAGE_CONF_SUFFIX) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		conf := &remote_pb.RemoteConf{}
+		if err := proto.Unmarshal(entry.Content, conf); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal %s/%s: %v", filer.DirectoryEtcRemote, entry.Name, err)
+		}
+		option.remoteConfs[conf.Name] = conf
+		lastConfName = conf.Name
+		return nil
+	}, "", false, math.MaxUint32)
+
+	if option.mappings.PrimaryBucketStorageName == "" && len(option.remoteConfs) == 1 {
+		glog.V(0).Infof("%s is set to the default remote storage", lastConfName)
+		option.mappings.PrimaryBucketStorageName = lastConfName
+	}
+
+	return
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/filer_pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/source"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/security"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"time"
+)
+
+type RemoteSyncOptions struct {
+	filerAddress       *string
+	grpcDialOption     grpc.DialOption
+	readChunkFromFiler *bool
+	timeAgo            *time.Duration
+	dir                *string
+}
+
+var _ = filer_pb.FilerClient(&RemoteSyncOptions{})
+
+func (option *RemoteSyncOptions) WithFilerClient(fn func(filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error) error {
+	return pb.WithFilerClient(pb.ServerAddress(*option.filerAddress), option.grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+		return fn(client)
+	})
+}
+func (option *RemoteSyncOptions) AdjustedUrl(location *filer_pb.Location) string {
+	return location.Url
+}
+
+var (
+	remoteSyncOptions RemoteSyncOptions
+)
+
+func init() {
+	cmdFilerRemoteSynchronize.Run = runFilerRemoteSynchronize // break init cycle
+	remoteSyncOptions.filerAddress = cmdFilerRemoteSynchronize.Flag.String("filer", "localhost:8888", "filer of the SeaweedFS cluster")
+	remoteSyncOptions.dir = cmdFilerRemoteSynchronize.Flag.String("dir", "", "a mounted directory on filer")
+	remoteSyncOptions.readChunkFromFiler = cmdFilerRemoteSynchronize.Flag.Bool("filerProxy", false, "read file chunks from filer instead of volume servers")
+	remoteSyncOptions.timeAgo = cmdFilerRemoteSynchronize.Flag.Duration("timeAgo", 0, "start time before now. \"300ms\", \"1.5h\" or \"2h45m\". Valid time units are \"ns\", \"us\" (or \"µs\"), \"ms\", \"s\", \"m\", \"h\"")
+}
+
+var cmdFilerRemoteSynchronize = &Command{
+	UsageLine: "filer.remote.sync",
+	Short:     "resumable continuously write back updates to remote storage",
+	Long: `resumable continuously write back updates to remote storage
+
+	filer.remote.sync listens on filer update events. 
+	If any mounted remote file is updated, it will fetch the updated content,
+	and write to the remote storage.
+
+		weed filer.remote.sync -dir=/mount/s3_on_cloud
+
+`,
+}
+
+func runFilerRemoteSynchronize(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
+
+	util.LoadConfiguration("security", false)
+	grpcDialOption := security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")
+	remoteSyncOptions.grpcDialOption = grpcDialOption
+
+	dir := *remoteSyncOptions.dir
+	filerAddress := pb.ServerAddress(*remoteSyncOptions.filerAddress)
+
+	filerSource := &source.FilerSource{}
+	filerSource.DoInitialize(
+		filerAddress.ToHttpAddress(),
+		filerAddress.ToGrpcAddress(),
+		"/", // does not matter
+		*remoteSyncOptions.readChunkFromFiler,
+	)
+
+	if dir != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("synchronize %s to remote storage...\n", dir)
+		util.RetryForever("filer.remote.sync "+dir, func() error {
+			return followUpdatesAndUploadToRemote(&remoteSyncOptions, filerSource, dir)
+		}, func(err error) bool {
+			if err != nil {
+				glog.Errorf("synchronize %s: %v", dir, err)
+			}
+			return true
+		})
+		return true
+	}
+
+	return true
+
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/filer_pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/pb/remote_pb"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/remote_storage"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/source"
+	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util"
+	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func followUpdatesAndUploadToRemote(option *RemoteSyncOptions, filerSource *source.FilerSource, mountedDir string) error {
+
+	// read filer remote storage mount mappings
+	_, _, remoteStorageMountLocation, remoteStorage, detectErr := filer.DetectMountInfo(option.grpcDialOption, pb.ServerAddress(*option.filerAddress), mountedDir)
+	if detectErr != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("read mount info: %v", detectErr)
+	}
+
+	eachEntryFunc, err := makeEventProcessor(remoteStorage, mountedDir, remoteStorageMountLocation, filerSource)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	processEventFnWithOffset := pb.AddOffsetFunc(eachEntryFunc, 3*time.Second, func(counter int64, lastTsNs int64) error {
+		lastTime := time.Unix(0, lastTsNs)
+		glog.V(0).Infof("remote sync %s progressed to %v %0.2f/sec", *option.filerAddress, lastTime, float64(counter)/float64(3))
+		return remote_storage.SetSyncOffset(option.grpcDialOption, pb.ServerAddress(*option.filerAddress), mountedDir, lastTsNs)
+	})
+
+	lastOffsetTs := collectLastSyncOffset(option, option.grpcDialOption, pb.ServerAddress(*option.filerAddress), mountedDir, *option.timeAgo)
+
+	return pb.FollowMetadata(pb.ServerAddress(*option.filerAddress), option.grpcDialOption, "filer.remote.sync",
+		mountedDir, []string{filer.DirectoryEtcRemote}, lastOffsetTs.UnixNano(), 0, processEventFnWithOffset, false)
+}
+
+func makeEventProcessor(remoteStorage *remote_pb.RemoteConf, mountedDir string, remoteStorageMountLocation *remote_pb.RemoteStorageLocation, filerSource *source.FilerSource) (pb.ProcessMetadataFunc, error) {
+	client, err := remote_storage.GetRemoteStorage(remoteStorage)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	handleEtcRemoteChanges := func(resp *filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataResponse) error {
+		message := resp.EventNotification
+		if message.NewEntry == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if message.NewEntry.Name == filer.REMOTE_STORAGE_MOUNT_FILE {
+			mappings, readErr := filer.UnmarshalRemoteStorageMappings(message.NewEntry.Content)
+			if readErr != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal mappings: %v", readErr)
+			}
+			if remoteLoc, found := mappings.Mappings[mountedDir]; found {
+				if remoteStorageMountLocation.Bucket != remoteLoc.Bucket || remoteStorageMountLocation.Path != remoteLoc.Path {
+					glog.Fatalf("Unexpected mount changes %+v => %+v", remoteStorageMountLocation, remoteLoc)
+				}
+			} else {
+				glog.V(0).Infof("unmounted %s exiting ...", mountedDir)
+				os.Exit(0)
+			}
+		}
+		if message.NewEntry.Name == remoteStorage.Name+filer.REMOTE_STORAGE_CONF_SUFFIX {
+			conf := &remote_pb.RemoteConf{}
+			if err := proto.Unmarshal(message.NewEntry.Content, conf); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal %s/%s: %v", filer.DirectoryEtcRemote, message.NewEntry.Name, err)
+			}
+			remoteStorage = conf
+			if newClient, err := remote_storage.GetRemoteStorage(remoteStorage); err == nil {
+				client = newClient
+			} else {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	eachEntryFunc := func(resp *filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataResponse) error {
+		message := resp.EventNotification
+		if strings.HasPrefix(resp.Directory, filer.DirectoryEtcRemote) {
+			return handleEtcRemoteChanges(resp)
+		}
+
+		if message.OldEntry == nil && message.NewEntry == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if message.OldEntry == nil && message.NewEntry != nil {
+			if !filer.HasData(message.NewEntry) {
+				return nil
+			}
+			glog.V(2).Infof("create: %+v", resp)
+			if !shouldSendToRemote(message.NewEntry) {
+				glog.V(2).Infof("skipping creating: %+v", resp)
+				return nil
+			}
+			dest := toRemoteStorageLocation(util.FullPath(mountedDir), util.NewFullPath(message.NewParentPath, message.NewEntry.Name), remoteStorageMountLocation)
+			if message.NewEntry.IsDirectory {
+				glog.V(0).Infof("mkdir  %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(dest))
+				return client.WriteDirectory(dest, message.NewEntry)
+			}
+			glog.V(0).Infof("create %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(dest))
+			reader := filer.NewFileReader(filerSource, message.NewEntry)
+			remoteEntry, writeErr := client.WriteFile(dest, message.NewEntry, reader)
+			if writeErr != nil {
+				return writeErr
+			}
+			return updateLocalEntry(&remoteSyncOptions, message.NewParentPath, message.NewEntry, remoteEntry)
+		}
+		if message.OldEntry != nil && message.NewEntry == nil {
+			glog.V(2).Infof("delete: %+v", resp)
+			dest := toRemoteStorageLocation(util.FullPath(mountedDir), util.NewFullPath(resp.Directory, message.OldEntry.Name), remoteStorageMountLocation)
+			if message.OldEntry.IsDirectory {
+				glog.V(0).Infof("rmdir  %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(dest))
+				return client.RemoveDirectory(dest)
+			}
+			glog.V(0).Infof("delete %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(dest))
+			return client.DeleteFile(dest)
+		}
+		if message.OldEntry != nil && message.NewEntry != nil {
+			oldDest := toRemoteStorageLocation(util.FullPath(mountedDir), util.NewFullPath(resp.Directory, message.OldEntry.Name), remoteStorageMountLocation)
+			dest := toRemoteStorageLocation(util.FullPath(mountedDir), util.NewFullPath(message.NewParentPath, message.NewEntry.Name), remoteStorageMountLocation)
+			if !shouldSendToRemote(message.NewEntry) {
+				glog.V(2).Infof("skipping updating: %+v", resp)
+				return nil
+			}
+			if message.NewEntry.IsDirectory {
+				return client.WriteDirectory(dest, message.NewEntry)
+			}
+			if resp.Directory == message.NewParentPath && message.OldEntry.Name == message.NewEntry.Name {
+				if filer.IsSameData(message.OldEntry, message.NewEntry) {
+					glog.V(2).Infof("update meta: %+v", resp)
+					return client.UpdateFileMetadata(dest, message.OldEntry, message.NewEntry)
+				}
+			}
+			glog.V(2).Infof("update: %+v", resp)
+			glog.V(0).Infof("delete %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(oldDest))
+			if err := client.DeleteFile(oldDest); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			reader := filer.NewFileReader(filerSource, message.NewEntry)
+			glog.V(0).Infof("create %s", remote_storage.FormatLocation(dest))
+			remoteEntry, writeErr := client.WriteFile(dest, message.NewEntry, reader)
+			if writeErr != nil {
+				return writeErr
+			}
+			return updateLocalEntry(&remoteSyncOptions, message.NewParentPath, message.NewEntry, remoteEntry)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}
+	return eachEntryFunc, nil
+}
+
+func collectLastSyncOffset(filerClient filer_pb.FilerClient, grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, filerAddress pb.ServerAddress, mountedDir string, timeAgo time.Duration) time.Time {
+	// 1. specified by timeAgo
+	// 2. last offset timestamp for this directory
+	// 3. directory creation time
+	var lastOffsetTs time.Time
+	if timeAgo == 0 {
+		mountedDirEntry, err := filer_pb.GetEntry(filerClient, util.FullPath(mountedDir))
+		if err != nil {
+			glog.V(0).Infof("get mounted directory %s: %v", mountedDir, err)
+			return time.Now()
+		}
+
+		lastOffsetTsNs, err := remote_storage.GetSyncOffset(grpcDialOption, filerAddress, mountedDir)
+		if mountedDirEntry != nil {
+			if err == nil && mountedDirEntry.Attributes.Crtime < lastOffsetTsNs/1000000 {
+				lastOffsetTs = time.Unix(0, lastOffsetTsNs)
+				glog.V(0).Infof("resume from %v", lastOffsetTs)
+			} else {
+				lastOffsetTs = time.Unix(mountedDirEntry.Attributes.Crtime, 0)
+			}
+		} else {
+			lastOffsetTs = time.Now()
+		}
+	} else {
+		lastOffsetTs = time.Now().Add(-timeAgo)
+	}
+	return lastOffsetTs
+}
+
+func toRemoteStorageLocation(mountDir, sourcePath util.FullPath, remoteMountLocation *remote_pb.RemoteStorageLocation) *remote_pb.RemoteStorageLocation {
+	source := string(sourcePath[len(mountDir):])
+	dest := util.FullPath(remoteMountLocation.Path).Child(source)
+	return &remote_pb.RemoteStorageLocation{
+		Name:   remoteMountLocation.Name,
+		Bucket: remoteMountLocation.Bucket,
+		Path:   string(dest),
+	}
+}
+
+func shouldSendToRemote(entry *filer_pb.Entry) bool {
+	if entry.RemoteEntry == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if entry.RemoteEntry.RemoteMtime < entry.Attributes.Mtime {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func updateLocalEntry(filerClient filer_pb.FilerClient, dir string, entry *filer_pb.Entry, remoteEntry *filer_pb.RemoteEntry) error {
+	remoteEntry.LastLocalSyncTsNs = time.Now().UnixNano()
+	entry.RemoteEntry = remoteEntry
+	return filerClient.WithFilerClient(func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+		_, err := client.UpdateEntry(context.Background(), &filer_pb.UpdateEntryRequest{
+			Directory: dir,
+			Entry:     entry,
+		})
+		return err
+	})
+}
@@ -7,12 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink"
-	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/azuresink"
-	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/b2sink"
-	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/filersink"
-	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/gcssink"
-	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/localsink"
-	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/s3sink"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sub"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util"
 )
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util"
 	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util/grace"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
-	"io"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 )
@@ -71,8 +70,8 @@ func init() {

 var cmdFilerSynchronize = &Command{
 	UsageLine: "filer.sync -a=<oneFilerHost>:<oneFilerPort> -b=<otherFilerHost>:<otherFilerPort>",
-	Short:     "resumeable continuous synchronization between two active-active or active-passive SeaweedFS clusters",
-	Long: `resumeable continuous synchronization for file changes between two active-active or active-passive filers
+	Short:     "resumable continuous synchronization between two active-active or active-passive SeaweedFS clusters",
+	Long: `resumable continuous synchronization for file changes between two active-active or active-passive filers

 	filer.sync listens on filer notifications. If any file is updated, it will fetch the updated content,
 	and write to the other destination. Different from filer.replicate:
@@ -89,13 +88,16 @@ var cmdFilerSynchronize = &Command{

 func runFilerSynchronize(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {

+	util.LoadConfiguration("security", false)
 	grpcDialOption := security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")

 	grace.SetupProfiling(*syncCpuProfile, *syncMemProfile)

+	filerA := pb.ServerAddress(*syncOptions.filerA)
+	filerB := pb.ServerAddress(*syncOptions.filerB)
 	go func() {
 		for {
-			err := doSubscribeFilerMetaChanges(grpcDialOption, *syncOptions.filerA, *syncOptions.aPath, *syncOptions.aProxyByFiler, *syncOptions.filerB,
+			err := doSubscribeFilerMetaChanges(grpcDialOption, filerA, *syncOptions.aPath, *syncOptions.aProxyByFiler, filerB,
 				*syncOptions.bPath, *syncOptions.bReplication, *syncOptions.bCollection, *syncOptions.bTtlSec, *syncOptions.bProxyByFiler, *syncOptions.bDiskType, *syncOptions.bDebug)
 			if err != nil {
 				glog.Errorf("sync from %s to %s: %v", *syncOptions.filerA, *syncOptions.filerB, err)
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ func runFilerSynchronize(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 	if !*syncOptions.isActivePassive {
 		go func() {
 			for {
-				err := doSubscribeFilerMetaChanges(grpcDialOption, *syncOptions.filerB, *syncOptions.bPath, *syncOptions.bProxyByFiler, *syncOptions.filerA,
+				err := doSubscribeFilerMetaChanges(grpcDialOption, filerB, *syncOptions.bPath, *syncOptions.bProxyByFiler, filerA,
 					*syncOptions.aPath, *syncOptions.aReplication, *syncOptions.aCollection, *syncOptions.aTtlSec, *syncOptions.aProxyByFiler, *syncOptions.aDiskType, *syncOptions.aDebug)
 				if err != nil {
 					glog.Errorf("sync from %s to %s: %v", *syncOptions.filerB, *syncOptions.filerA, err)
@@ -122,7 +124,7 @@ func runFilerSynchronize(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 	return true
 }

-func doSubscribeFilerMetaChanges(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, sourceFiler, sourcePath string, sourceReadChunkFromFiler bool, targetFiler, targetPath string,
+func doSubscribeFilerMetaChanges(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, sourceFiler pb.ServerAddress, sourcePath string, sourceReadChunkFromFiler bool, targetFiler pb.ServerAddress, targetPath string,
 	replicationStr, collection string, ttlSec int, sinkWriteChunkByFiler bool, diskType string, debug bool) error {

 	// read source filer signature
@@ -147,9 +149,9 @@ func doSubscribeFilerMetaChanges(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, sourceFiler, so

 	// create filer sink
 	filerSource := &source.FilerSource{}
-	filerSource.DoInitialize(sourceFiler, pb.ServerToGrpcAddress(sourceFiler), sourcePath, sourceReadChunkFromFiler)
+	filerSource.DoInitialize(sourceFiler.ToHttpAddress(), sourceFiler.ToGrpcAddress(), sourcePath, sourceReadChunkFromFiler)
 	filerSink := &filersink.FilerSink{}
-	filerSink.DoInitialize(targetFiler, pb.ServerToGrpcAddress(targetFiler), targetPath, replicationStr, collection, ttlSec, diskType, grpcDialOption, sinkWriteChunkByFiler)
+	filerSink.DoInitialize(targetFiler.ToHttpAddress(), targetFiler.ToGrpcAddress(), targetPath, replicationStr, collection, ttlSec, diskType, grpcDialOption, sinkWriteChunkByFiler)
 	filerSink.SetSourceFiler(filerSource)

 	persistEventFn := genProcessFunction(sourcePath, targetPath, filerSink, debug)
@@ -165,57 +167,21 @@ func doSubscribeFilerMetaChanges(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, sourceFiler, so
 		return persistEventFn(resp)
 	}

-	return pb.WithFilerClient(sourceFiler, grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
-
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-		defer cancel()
-
-		stream, err := client.SubscribeMetadata(ctx, &filer_pb.SubscribeMetadataRequest{
-			ClientName: "syncTo_" + targetFiler,
-			PathPrefix: sourcePath,
-			SinceNs:    sourceFilerOffsetTsNs,
-			Signature:  targetFilerSignature,
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("listen: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		var counter int64
-		var lastWriteTime time.Time
-		for {
-			resp, listenErr := stream.Recv()
-			if listenErr == io.EOF {
-				return nil
-			}
-			if listenErr != nil {
-				return listenErr
-			}
-
-			if err := processEventFn(resp); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
-			counter++
-			if lastWriteTime.Add(3 * time.Second).Before(time.Now()) {
-				glog.V(0).Infof("sync %s to %s progressed to %v %0.2f/sec", sourceFiler, targetFiler, time.Unix(0, resp.TsNs), float64(counter)/float64(3))
-				counter = 0
-				lastWriteTime = time.Now()
-				if err := setOffset(grpcDialOption, targetFiler, SyncKeyPrefix, sourceFilerSignature, resp.TsNs); err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-			}
-
-		}
-
+	processEventFnWithOffset := pb.AddOffsetFunc(processEventFn, 3*time.Second, func(counter int64, lastTsNs int64) error {
+		glog.V(0).Infof("sync %s to %s progressed to %v %0.2f/sec", sourceFiler, targetFiler, time.Unix(0, lastTsNs), float64(counter)/float64(3))
+		return setOffset(grpcDialOption, targetFiler, SyncKeyPrefix, sourceFilerSignature, lastTsNs)
 	})

+	return pb.FollowMetadata(sourceFiler, grpcDialOption, "syncTo_"+string(targetFiler),
+		sourcePath, nil, sourceFilerOffsetTsNs, targetFilerSignature, processEventFnWithOffset, false)
+
 }

 const (
 	SyncKeyPrefix = "sync."
 )

-func getOffset(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, filer string, signaturePrefix string, signature int32) (lastOffsetTsNs int64, readErr error) {
+func getOffset(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, filer pb.ServerAddress, signaturePrefix string, signature int32) (lastOffsetTsNs int64, readErr error) {

 	readErr = pb.WithFilerClient(filer, grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
 		syncKey := []byte(signaturePrefix + "____")
@@ -242,7 +208,7 @@ func getOffset(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, filer string, signaturePrefix str

 }

-func setOffset(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, filer string, signaturePrefix string, signature int32, offsetTsNs int64) error {
+func setOffset(grpcDialOption grpc.DialOption, filer pb.ServerAddress, signaturePrefix string, signature int32, offsetTsNs int64) error {
 	return pb.WithFilerClient(filer, grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {

 		syncKey := []byte(signaturePrefix + "____")
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+//go:build !windows
 // +build !windows

 package command
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func runFuse(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 						option.WriteByte(rawArgs[i])
 					}

-				// single quote separator read option until next single quote
+					// single quote separator read option until next single quote
 				} else if rawArgs[i] == '\'' {
 					for i++; i < rawArgsLen && rawArgs[i] != '\''; i++ {
 						option.WriteByte(rawArgs[i])
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func runFuse(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		case "filer.path":
 			mountOptions.filerMountRootPath = &parameter.value
 		case "dirAutoCreate":
-			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseBool(parameter.value); err != nil {
+			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseBool(parameter.value); err == nil {
 				mountOptions.dirAutoCreate = &parsed
 			} else {
 				panic(fmt.Errorf("dirAutoCreate: %s", err))
@@ -121,14 +121,14 @@ func runFuse(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		case "disk":
 			mountOptions.diskType = &parameter.value
 		case "ttl":
-			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseInt(parameter.value, 0, 32); err != nil {
+			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseInt(parameter.value, 0, 32); err == nil {
 				intValue := int(parsed)
 				mountOptions.ttlSec = &intValue
 			} else {
 				panic(fmt.Errorf("ttl: %s", err))
 			}
 		case "chunkSizeLimitMB":
-			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseInt(parameter.value, 0, 32); err != nil {
+			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseInt(parameter.value, 0, 32); err == nil {
 				intValue := int(parsed)
 				mountOptions.chunkSizeLimitMB = &intValue
 			} else {
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ func runFuse(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 			}
 		case "concurrentWriters":
 			i++
-			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseInt(parameter.value, 0, 32); err != nil {
+			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseInt(parameter.value, 0, 32); err == nil {
 				intValue := int(parsed)
 				mountOptions.concurrentWriters = &intValue
 			} else {
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ func runFuse(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		case "cacheDir":
 			mountOptions.cacheDir = &parameter.value
 		case "cacheCapacityMB":
-			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseInt(parameter.value, 0, 64); err != nil {
+			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseInt(parameter.value, 0, 64); err == nil {
 				mountOptions.cacheSizeMB = &parsed
 			} else {
 				panic(fmt.Errorf("cacheCapacityMB: %s", err))
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ func runFuse(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		case "dataCenter":
 			mountOptions.dataCenter = &parameter.value
 		case "allowOthers":
-			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseBool(parameter.value); err != nil {
+			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseBool(parameter.value); err == nil {
 				mountOptions.allowOthers = &parsed
 			} else {
 				panic(fmt.Errorf("allowOthers: %s", err))
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ func runFuse(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		case "umask":
 			mountOptions.umaskString = &parameter.value
 		case "nonempty":
-			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseBool(parameter.value); err != nil {
+			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseBool(parameter.value); err == nil {
 				mountOptions.nonempty = &parsed
 			} else {
 				panic(fmt.Errorf("nonempty: %s", err))
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ func runFuse(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		case "map.gid":
 			mountOptions.gidMap = &parameter.value
 		case "readOnly":
-			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseBool(parameter.value); err != nil {
+			if parsed, err := strconv.ParseBool(parameter.value); err == nil {
 				mountOptions.readOnly = &parsed
 			} else {
 				panic(fmt.Errorf("readOnly: %s", err))
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ func runFuse(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 		case "memprofile":
 			mountMemProfile = &parameter.value
 		case "readRetryTime":
-			if parsed, err := time.ParseDuration(parameter.value); err != nil {
+			if parsed, err := time.ParseDuration(parameter.value); err == nil {
 				mountReadRetryTime = &parsed
 			} else {
 				panic(fmt.Errorf("readRetryTime: %s", err))
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-package command
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
-	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/server"
-	"github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/util"
-)
-
-var (
-	gatewayOptions GatewayOptions
-)
-
-type GatewayOptions struct {
-	masters *string
-	filers  *string
-	bindIp  *string
-	port    *int
-	maxMB   *int
-}
-
-func init() {
-	cmdGateway.Run = runGateway // break init cycle
-	gatewayOptions.masters = cmdGateway.Flag.String("master", "localhost:9333", "comma-separated master servers")
-	gatewayOptions.filers = cmdGateway.Flag.String("filer", "localhost:8888", "comma-separated filer servers")
-	gatewayOptions.bindIp = cmdGateway.Flag.String("ip.bind", "localhost", "ip address to bind to")
-	gatewayOptions.port = cmdGateway.Flag.Int("port", 5647, "gateway http listen port")
-	gatewayOptions.maxMB = cmdGateway.Flag.Int("maxMB", 4, "split files larger than the limit")
-}
-
-var cmdGateway = &Command{
-	UsageLine: "gateway -port=8888 -master=<ip:port>[,<ip:port>]* -filer=<ip:port>[,<ip:port>]*",
-	Short:     "start a gateway server that points to a list of master servers or a list of filers",
-	Long: `start a gateway server which accepts REST operation to write any blobs, files, or topic messages.
-
-	POST /blobs/
-		upload the blob and return a chunk id
-	DELETE /blobs/<chunk_id>
-		delete a chunk id
-
-	/*
-	POST /files/path/to/a/file
-		save /path/to/a/file on filer 
-	DELETE /files/path/to/a/file
-		delete /path/to/a/file on filer 
-
-	POST /topics/topicName
-		save on filer to /topics/topicName/<ds>/ts.json
-	*/
-`,
-}
-
-func runGateway(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
-
-	util.LoadConfiguration("security", false)
-
-	gatewayOptions.startGateway()
-
-	return true
-}
-
-func (gw *GatewayOptions) startGateway() {
-
-	defaultMux := http.NewServeMux()
-
-	_, gws_err := weed_server.NewGatewayServer(defaultMux, &weed_server.GatewayOption{
-		Masters: strings.Split(*gw.masters, ","),
-		Filers:  strings.Split(*gw.filers, ","),
-		MaxMB:   *gw.maxMB,
-	})
-	if gws_err != nil {
-		glog.Fatalf("Gateway startup error: %v", gws_err)
-	}
-
-	glog.V(0).Infof("Start Seaweed Gateway %s at %s:%d", util.Version(), *gw.bindIp, *gw.port)
-	gatewayListener, e := util.NewListener(
-		*gw.bindIp+":"+strconv.Itoa(*gw.port),
-		time.Duration(10)*time.Second,
-	)
-	if e != nil {
-		glog.Fatalf("Filer listener error: %v", e)
-	}
-
-	httpS := &http.Server{Handler: defaultMux}
-	if err := httpS.Serve(gatewayListener); err != nil {
-		glog.Fatalf("Gateway Fail to serve: %v", e)
-	}
-
-}
@@ -43,37 +43,35 @@ func runIam(cmd *Command, args []string) bool {
 }

 func (iamopt *IamOptions) startIamServer() bool {
-	filerGrpcAddress, err := pb.ParseServerToGrpcAddress(*iamopt.filer)
-	if err != nil {
-		glog.Fatal(err)
-		return false
-	}
+	filerAddress := pb.ServerAddress(*iamopt.filer)

+	util.LoadConfiguration("security", false)
 	grpcDialOption := security.LoadClientTLS(util.GetViper(), "grpc.client")
 	for {
-		err = pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(filerGrpcAddress, grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
+		err := pb.WithGrpcFilerClient(filerAddress, grpcDialOption, func(client filer_pb.SeaweedFilerClient) error {
 			resp, err := client.GetFilerConfiguration(context.Background(), &filer_pb.GetFilerConfigurationRequest{})
 			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("get filer %s configuration: %v", filerGrpcAddress, err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("get filer %s configuration: %v", filerAddress, err)
 			}
 			glog.V(0).Infof("IAM read filer configuration: %s", resp)
 			return nil
 		})
 		if err != nil {
-			glog.V(0).Infof("wait to connect to filer %s grpc address %s", *iamopt.filer, filerGrpcAddress)
+			glog.V(0).Infof("wait to connect to filer %s grpc address %s", *iamopt.filer, filerAddress.ToGrpcAddress())
 			time.Sleep(time.Second)
 		} else {
-			glog.V(0).Infof("connected to filer %s grpc address %s", *iamopt.filer, filerGrpcAddress)
+			glog.V(0).Infof("connected to filer %s grpc address %s", *iamopt.filer, filerAddress.ToGrpcAddress())
 			break
 		}
 	}

+	masters := pb.ServerAddresses(*iamopt.masters).ToAddresses()
 	router := mux.NewRouter().SkipClean(true)
 	_, iamApiServer_err := iamapi.NewIamApiServer(router, &iamapi.IamServerOption{
-		Filer:            *iamopt.filer,
-		Port:             *iamopt.port,
-		FilerGrpcAddress: filerGrpcAddress,
-		GrpcDialOption:   grpcDialOption,
+		Masters:        masters,
+		Filer:          filerAddress,
+		Port:           *iamopt.port,
+		GrpcDialOption: grpcDialOption,
 	})
 	glog.V(0).Info("NewIamApiServer created")
 	if iamApiServer_err != nil {
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	_ "net/http/pprof"
+
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/remote_storage/azure"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/remote_storage/gcs"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/remote_storage/hdfs"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/remote_storage/s3"
+
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/azuresink"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/b2sink"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/filersink"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/gcssink"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/localsink"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/replication/sink/s3sink"
+
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/cassandra"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/elastic/v7"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/etcd"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/hbase"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/leveldb"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/leveldb2"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/leveldb3"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/mongodb"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/mysql"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/mysql2"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/postgres"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/postgres2"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/redis"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/redis2"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/sqlite"
+	_ "github.com/chrislusf/seaweedfs/weed/filer/tikv"
+)
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"sort"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"

@@ -28,6 +27,7 @@ var (

 type MasterOptions struct {
 	port              *int
+	portGrpc          *int
 	ip                *string
 	ipBind            *string
 	metaFolder        *string
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ type MasterOptions struct {
 func init() {
 	cmdMaster.Run = runMaster // break init cycle
 	m.port = cmdMaster.Flag.Int("port", 9333, "http listen port")
+	m.portGrpc = cmdMaster.Flag.Int("port.grpc", 19333, "grpc listen port")
 	m.ip = cmdMaster.Flag.String("ip", util.DetectedHostAddress(), "master <ip>|<server> address, also used as identifier")
 	m.ipBind = cmdMaster.Flag.String("ip.bind", "", "ip address to bind to")
 	m.metaFolder = cmdMaster.Flag.String("mdir", os.TempDir(), "data directory to store meta data")
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ func init() {
 	m.volumeSizeLimitMB = cmdMaster.Flag.Uint("volumeSizeLimitMB", 30*1000, "Master stops directing writes to oversized volumes.")
 	m.volumePreallocate = cmdMaster.Flag.Bool("volumePreallocate", false, "Preallocate disk space for volumes.")
 	// m.pulseSeconds = cmdMaster.Flag.Int("pulseSeconds", 5, "number of seconds between heartbeats")
-	m.defaultReplication = cmdMaster.Flag.String("defaultReplication", "000", "Default replication type if not specified.")
+	m.defaultReplication = cmdMaster.Flag.String("defaultReplication", "", "Default replication type if not specified.")
 	m.garbageThreshold = cmdMaster.Flag.Float64("garbageThreshold", 0.3, "threshold to vacuum and reclaim spaces")
 	m.whiteList = cmdMaster.Flag.String("whiteList", "", "comma separated Ip addresses having write permission. No limit if empty.")
 	m.disableHttp = cmdMaster.Flag.Bool("disableHttp", false, "disable http requests, only gRPC operations are allowed.")
@@ -112,11 +113,11 @@ func startMaster(masterOption MasterOptions, masterWhiteList []string) {

 	backend.LoadConfiguration(util.GetViper())

-	myMasterAddress, peers := checkPeers(*masterOption.ip, *masterOption.port, *masterOption.peers)
+	myMasterAddress, peers := checkPeers(*masterOption.ip, *masterOption.port, *masterOption.portGrpc, *masterOption.peers)

 	r := mux.NewRouter()
 	ms := weed_server.NewMasterServer(r, masterOption.toMasterOption(masterWhiteList), peers)
-	listeningAddress := *masterOption.ipBind + ":" + strconv.Itoa(*masterOption.port)
+	listeningAddress := util.JoinHostPort(*masterOption.ipBind, *masterOption.port)
 	glog.V(0).Infof("Start Seaweed Master %s at %s", util.Version(), listeningAddress)
 	masterListener, e := util.NewListener(listeningAddress, 0)
 	if e != nil {
@@ -131,8 +132,8 @@ func startMaster(masterOption MasterOptions, masterWhiteList []string) {
 	ms.SetRaftServer(raftServer)
 	r.HandleFunc("/cluster/status", raftServer.StatusHandler).Methods("GET")
 	// starting grpc server
-	grpcPort := *masterOption.port + 10000
-	grpcL, err := util.NewListener(*masterOption.ipBind+":"+strconv.Itoa(grpcPort), 0)
+	grpcPort := *masterOption.portGrpc
+	grpcL, err := util.NewListener(util.JoinHostPort(*masterOption.ipBind, grpcPort), 0)
 	if err != nil {
 		glog.Fatalf("master failed to listen on grpc port %d: %v", grpcPort, err)
 	}
@@ -161,16 +162,14 @@ func startMaster(masterOption MasterOptions, masterWhiteList []string) {
 	select {}
 }

-func checkPeers(masterIp string, masterPort int, peers string) (masterAddress string, cleanedPeers []string) {
+func checkPeers(masterIp string, masterPort int, masterGrpcPort int, peers string) (masterAddress pb.ServerAddress, cleanedPeers []pb.ServerAddress) {
 	glog.V(0).Infof("current: %s:%d peers:%s", masterIp, masterPort, peers)
-	masterAddress = masterIp + ":" + strconv.Itoa(masterPort)
-	if peers != "" {
-		cleanedPeers = strings.Split(peers, ",")
-	}
+	masterAddress = pb.NewServerAddress(masterIp, masterPort, masterGrpcPort)
+	cleanedPeers = pb.ServerAddresses(peers).ToAddresses()

 	hasSelf := false
 	for _, peer := range cleanedPeers {
-		if peer == masterAddress {
+		if peer.ToHttpAddress() == masterAddress.ToHttpAddress() {
 			hasSelf = true
 			break
 		}
@@ -180,13 +179,15 @@ func checkPeers(masterIp string, masterPort int, peers string) (masterAddress st
 		cleanedPeers = append(cleanedPeers, masterAddress)
 	}
 	if len(cleanedPeers)%2 == 0 {
-		glog.Fatalf("Only odd number of masters are supported!")
+		glog.Fatalf("Only odd number of masters are supported: %+v", cleanedPeers)
 	}
 	return
 }

-func isTheFirstOne(self string, peers []string) bool {
-	sort.Strings(peers)
+func isTheFirstOne(self pb.ServerAddress, peers []pb.ServerAddress) bool {
+	sort.Slice(peers, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return strings.Compare(string(peers[i]), string(peers[j])) < 0
+	})
 	if len(peers) <= 0 {
 		return true
 	}
@@ -194,11 +195,11 @@ func isTheFirstOne(self string, peers []string) bool {
 }

 func (m *MasterOptions) toMasterOption(whiteList []string) *weed_server.MasterOption {
+	masterAddress := pb.NewServerAddress(*m.ip, *m.port, *m.portGrpc)
 	return &weed_server.MasterOption{
-		Host:              *m.ip,
-		Port:              *m.port,
+		Master:            masterAddress,
 		MetaFolder:        *m.metaFolder,
-		VolumeSizeLimitMB: *m.volumeSizeLimitMB,
+		VolumeSizeLimitMB: uint32(*m.volumeSizeLimitMB),
 		VolumePreallocate: *m.volumePreallocate,
 		// PulseSeconds:            *m.pulseSeconds,
 		DefaultReplicaPlacement: *m.defaultReplication,
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More