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Upgrade tar-snapshot-edit script.
* scripts/tar-snapshot-edit: Update Perl syntax to work
correctly with more recent versions of Perl. (The original
code worked with in the v5.8 timeframe but not with
Perl v5.10.1 and later.)
Add a "-c" option to check the snapshot file for invalid
field values.
Handle NFS indicator character ("+") in version 0 and 1 files.
Preserve the original header/version line when editing version 1
or 2 files.
Tweak output formatting.
* doc/tar-snapshot-edit.texi: Update documentation.
This commit is contained in:
Nathan Stratton Treadway
committed by
Sergey Poznyakoff
Sergey Poznyakoff
parent
1f9b376c90
commit
51b272f572
+50
-16
@@ -6,24 +6,28 @@
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@cindex Device numbers, changing
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@cindex snapshot files, editing
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@cindex snapshot files, fixing device numbers
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Sometimes device numbers can change after upgrading your kernel
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version or reconfiguring the hardware. Reportedly this is the case with
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some newer @i{Linux} kernels, when using @acronym{LVM}. In majority of
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Various situations can cause device numbers to change: upgrading your
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kernel version, reconfiguring your hardware, loading kernel modules in a
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different order, using virtual volumes that are assembled dynamically
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(such as with @acronym{LVM} or @acronym{RAID}), hot-plugging drives
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(e.g. external USB or Firewire drives), etc. In the majority of
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cases this change is unnoticed by the users. However, it influences
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@command{tar} incremental backups: the device number is stored in tar
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snapshot files (@pxref{Snapshot Files}) and is used to determine whether
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the file has changed since the last backup. If the device numbers
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change for some reason, the next backup you run will be a full backup.
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change for some reason, by default the next backup you run will be a
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full backup.
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@pindex tar-snapshot-edit
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To minimize the impact in these cases, GNU @command{tar} comes with
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the @command{tar-snapshot-edit} utility for inspecting and updating
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device numbers in snapshot files. The utility, written by
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Dustin J.@: Mitchell, is available from
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device numbers in snapshot files. (The utility, written by
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Dustin J.@: Mitchell, is also available from the
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@uref{http://www.gnu.org/@/software/@/tar/@/utils/@/tar-snapshot-edit.html,
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@GNUTAR{} home page}.
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@GNUTAR{} home page}.)
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To obtain the device numbers used in the snapshot file, run
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To obtain a summary of the device numbers found in the snapshot file, run
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@smallexample
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$ @kbd{tar-snapshot-edit @var{snapfile}}
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@@ -31,10 +35,19 @@ $ @kbd{tar-snapshot-edit @var{snapfile}}
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@noindent
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where @var{snapfile} is the name of the snapshot file (you can supply as many
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files as you wish in a single command line).
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files as you wish in a single command line). You can then compare the
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numbers across snapshot files, or against those currently in use on the
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live filesystem (using @command{ls -l} or @command{stat}).
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To update all occurrences of the given device number in the file, use
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@option{-r} option. It takes a single argument of the form
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Assuming the device numbers have indeed changed, it's often possible
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to simply tell @GNUTAR{} to ignore the device number when processing the
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incremental snapshot files for these backups, using the
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@option{--no-check-device} option (@pxref{device numbers}).
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Alternatively, you can use the @command{tar-edit-snapshot} script's
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@option{-r} option to update all occurrences of the given device
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number in the snapshot file(s). It takes a single argument
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of the form
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@samp{@var{olddev}-@var{newdev}}, where @var{olddev} is the device number
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used in the snapshot file, and @var{newdev} is the corresponding new device
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number. Both numbers may be specified in hex (e.g., @samp{0xfe01}),
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@@ -49,9 +62,30 @@ backup file is obtained by appending @samp{~} to the original file name.
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An example session:
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@smallexample
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$ @kbd{tar-snapshot-edit /var/backup/snap.a}
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file version 2
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/tmp/snap: Device 0x0306 occurs 634 times.
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$ @kbd{tar-snapshot-edit -b -r 0x0306-0x4500 /var/backup/snap.a}
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file version 2
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$ @kbd{tar-snapshot-edit root_snap.0 boot_snap.0}
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File: root_snap.0
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Detected snapshot file version: 2
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Device 0x0000 occurs 1 times.
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Device 0x0003 occurs 1 times.
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Device 0x0005 occurs 1 times.
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Device 0x0013 occurs 1 times.
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Device 0x6801 occurs 1 times.
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Device 0x6803 occurs 6626 times.
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Device 0xfb00 occurs 1 times.
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File: boot_snap.0
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Detected snapshot file version: 2
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Device 0x6801 occurs 3 times.
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$ @kbd{tar-snapshot-edit -b -r 0x6801-0x6901,0x6803-0x6903 root_snap.0 boot_snap.0}
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File: root_snap.0
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Detected snapshot file version: 2
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Updated 6627 records.
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File: boot_snap.0
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Detected snapshot file version: 2
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Updated 3 records.
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@end smallexample
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+253
-69
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
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#! /usr/bin/perl -w
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# Display and edit the 'dev' field in tar's snapshots
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# Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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# Copyright (C) 2007,2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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#
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# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
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# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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# any later version.
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#
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# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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@@ -17,13 +17,37 @@
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# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
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# 02110-1301, USA.
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#
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# Author: Dustin J. Mitchell <dustin@zmanda.com>
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#
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# tar-snapshot-edit
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#
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# This script is capable of replacing values in the 'dev' field of an
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# incremental backup 'snapshot' file. This is useful when the device
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# used to store files in a tar archive changes, without the files
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# themselves changing. This may happen when, for example, a device
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# driver changes major or minor numbers.
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#
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# It can also run a check on all the field values found in the
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# snapshot file, printing out a detailed message when it finds values
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# that would cause an "Unexpected field value in snapshot file" error
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# if tar were run using that snapshot file as input. (See the
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# comments included in the definition of the check_field_values
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# routine for more detailed information regarding these checks.)
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#
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#
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#
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# Author: Dustin J. Mitchell <dustin@zmanda.com>
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#
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# Modified Aug 25, 2011 by Nathan Stratton Treadway <nathanst AT ontko.com>:
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# * update Perl syntax to work correctly with more recent versions of
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# Perl. (The original code worked with in the v5.8 timeframe but
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# not with Perl v5.10.1 and later.)
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# * added a "-c" option to check the snapshot file for invalid field values.
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# * handle NFS indicator character ("+") in version 0 and 1 files
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# * preserve the original header/version line when editing version 1
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# or 2 files.
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# * tweak output formatting
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#
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#
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use Getopt::Std;
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@@ -41,14 +65,15 @@ sub read_incr_db ($) {
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$file_version = 0;
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}
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print "file version $file_version\n";
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print "\nFile: $filename\n";
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print " Detected snapshot file version: $file_version\n\n";
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if ($file_version == 0) {
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return read_incr_db_0($file, $header_str);
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} elsif ($file_version == 1) {
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return read_incr_db_1($file);
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return read_incr_db_1($file, $header_str);
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} elsif ($file_version == 2) {
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return read_incr_db_2($file);
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return read_incr_db_2($file, $header_str);
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} else {
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die "Unrecognized snapshot version in header '$header_str'";
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}
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@@ -62,48 +87,66 @@ sub read_incr_db_0 ($$) {
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chop $hdr_timestamp_sec;
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my $hdr_timestamp_nsec = ''; # not present in file format 0
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my $nfs;
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my @dirs;
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while (<$file>) {
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/^([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) (.*)\n$/ || die("Bad snapshot line $_");
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/^(\+?)([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) (.*)\n$/ || die("Bad snapshot line $_");
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push @dirs, { dev=>$1,
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ino=>$2,
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name=>$3 };
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if ( $1 eq "+" ) {
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$nfs="1";
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} else {
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$nfs="0";
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}
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push @dirs, { nfs=>$nfs,
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dev=>$2,
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ino=>$3,
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name=>$4 };
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}
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close($file);
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# file version, timestamp, timestamp, dir list
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return [ 0, $hdr_timestamp_sec, $hdr_timestamp_nsec, \@dirs ];
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# file version, timestamp, timestamp, dir list, file header line
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return [ 0, $hdr_timestamp_sec, $hdr_timestamp_nsec, \@dirs, ""];
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}
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sub read_incr_db_1 ($) {
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sub read_incr_db_1 ($$) {
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my $file = shift;
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my $header_str = shift;
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my $timestamp = <$file>; # "sec nsec"
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my ($hdr_timestamp_sec, $hdr_timestamp_nsec) = ($timestamp =~ /([0-9]*) ([0-9]*)/);
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my $nfs;
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my @dirs;
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while (<$file>) {
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/^([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) (.*)\n$/ || die("Bad snapshot line $_");
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/^(\+?)([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) (.*)\n$/ || die("Bad snapshot line $_");
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push @dirs, { timestamp_sec=>$1,
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timestamp_nsec=>$2,
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dev=>$3,
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ino=>$4,
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name=>$5 };
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if ( $1 eq "+" ) {
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$nfs="1";
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} else {
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$nfs="0";
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}
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push @dirs, { nfs=>$nfs,
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timestamp_sec=>$2,
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timestamp_nsec=>$3,
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dev=>$4,
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ino=>$5,
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name=>$6 };
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}
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close($file);
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# file version, timestamp, timestamp, dir list
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return [ 1, $hdr_timestamp_sec, $hdr_timestamp_nsec, \@dirs ];
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# file version, timestamp, timestamp, dir list, file header line
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return [ 1, $hdr_timestamp_sec, $hdr_timestamp_nsec, \@dirs, $header_str ];
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}
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sub read_incr_db_2 ($) {
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sub read_incr_db_2 ($$) {
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my $file = shift;
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my $header_str = shift;
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$/="\0"; # $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR
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my $hdr_timestamp_sec = <$file>;
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@@ -150,40 +193,158 @@ sub read_incr_db_2 ($) {
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close($file);
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$/ = "\n"; # reset to normal
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# file version, timestamp, timestamp, dir list
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return [ 2, $hdr_timestamp_sec, $hdr_timestamp_nsec, \@dirs ];
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# file version, timestamp, timestamp, dir list, file header line
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return [ 2, $hdr_timestamp_sec, $hdr_timestamp_nsec, \@dirs, $header_str];
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}
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## display
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sub show_device_counts ($$) {
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sub show_device_counts ($) {
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my $info = shift;
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my $filename = shift;
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my %devices;
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foreach my $dir (@{${@$info}[3]}) {
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my $dev = ${%$dir}{'dev'};
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foreach my $dir (@{$info->[3]}) {
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my $dev = $dir->{'dev'};
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$devices{$dev}++;
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}
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foreach $dev (sort keys %devices) {
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printf "$filename: Device 0x%04x occurs $devices{$dev} times.\n", $dev;
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foreach $dev (sort {$a <=> $b} keys %devices) {
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printf " Device 0x%04x occurs $devices{$dev} times.\n", $dev;
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}
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}
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## check field values
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# returns a warning message if $field isn't a valid string representation
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# of an integer, or if the resulting integer is out of the specified range
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sub validate_integer_field ($$$$) {
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my $field = shift;
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my $field_name = shift;
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my $min = shift;
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my $max = shift;
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my $msg = "";
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if ( not $field =~ /^-?\d+$/ ) {
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$msg = " $field_name value contains invalid characters: \"$field\"\n";
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} else {
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if ( $field < $min ) {
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$msg = " $field_name value too low: \"$field\" < $min \n";
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} elsif ( $field > $max ) {
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$msg = " $field_name value too high: \"$field\" > $max \n";
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}
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}
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return $msg;
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}
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# This routine loops through each directory entry in the $info data
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# structure and prints a warning message if tar would abort with an
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# "Unexpected field value in snapshot file" error upon reading this
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# snapshot file.
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#
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# (Note that this specific error message was introduced along with the
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# change to snapshot file format "2", starting with tar v1.16 [or,
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# more precisely, v1.15.91].)
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#
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# The checks here are intended to match those found in the incremen.c
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# source file (as of tar v1.16.1).
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#
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# In that code, the checks are done against pre-processor expressions,
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# as defined in the C header files at compile time. In the routine
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# below, a Perl variable is created for each expression used as part of
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# one of these checks, assigned the value of the related pre-processor
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# expression as found on a Linux 2.6.8/i386 system.
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#
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# It seems likely that these settings will catch most invalid
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# field values found in actual snapshot files on all systems. However,
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# if "tar" is erroring out on a snapshot file that this check routine
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# does not complain about, that probably indicates that the values
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# below need to be adjusted to match those used by "tar" in that
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# particular environment.
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#
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# (Note: the checks here are taken from the code that processes
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# version 2 snapshot files, but to keep things simple we apply those
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# same checks to files having earlier versions -- but only for
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# the fields that actually exist in those input files.)
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sub check_field_values ($) {
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my $info = shift;
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# set up a variable with the value of each pre-processor
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# expression used for field-value checks in incremen.c
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# (these values here are from a Linux 2.6.8/i386 system)
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my $BILLION = 1000000000; # BILLION
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my $MIN_TIME_T = -2147483648; # TYPE_MINIMUM(time_t)
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my $MAX_TIME_T = 2147483647; # TYPE_MAXIUMUM(time_t)
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my $MAX_DEV_T = 4294967295; # TYPE_MAXIUMUM(dev_t)
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my $MAX_INO_T = 4294967295; # TYPE_MAXIUMUM(ino_t)
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my $msg;
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my $error_found = 0;
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print " Checking field values in snapshot file...\n";
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$snapver = $info->[0];
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$msg = "";
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$msg .= validate_integer_field($info->[1],
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'timestamp_sec', $MIN_TIME_T, $MAX_TIME_T);
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if ($snapver >= 1) {
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$msg .= validate_integer_field($info->[2],
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'timestamp_nsec', 0, $BILLION-1);
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}
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if ( $msg ne "" ) {
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$error_found = 1;
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print "\n shapshot file header:\n";
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print $msg;
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}
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foreach my $dir (@{$info->[3]}) {
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$msg = "";
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$msg .= validate_integer_field($dir->{'nfs'}, 'nfs', 0, 1);
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if ($snapver >= 1) {
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$msg .= validate_integer_field($dir->{'timestamp_sec'},
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'timestamp_sec', $MIN_TIME_T, $MAX_TIME_T);
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$msg .= validate_integer_field($dir->{'timestamp_nsec'},
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'timestamp_nsec', 0, $BILLION-1);
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}
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$msg .= validate_integer_field($dir->{'dev'}, 'dev', 0, $MAX_DEV_T);
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$msg .= validate_integer_field($dir->{'ino'}, 'ino', 0, $MAX_INO_T);
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if ( $msg ne "" ) {
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$error_found = 1;
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print "\n directory: $dir->{'name'}\n";
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print $msg;
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}
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}
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print "\n Snapshot field value check complete" ,
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$error_found ? "" : ", no errors found" ,
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".\n";
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}
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## editing
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sub replace_device_number ($@) {
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my $info = shift(@_);
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my @repl = @_;
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foreach my $dir (@{${@$info}[3]}) {
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my $count = 0;
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foreach my $dir (@{$info->[3]}) {
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foreach $x (@repl) {
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if (${%$dir}{'dev'} eq $$x[0]) {
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${%$dir}{'dev'} = $$x[1];
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if ($dir->{'dev'} eq $$x[0]) {
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$dir->{'dev'} = $$x[1];
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$count++;
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last;
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}
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}
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}
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print " Updated $count records.\n"
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}
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## writing
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@@ -211,14 +372,17 @@ sub write_incr_db ($$) {
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sub write_incr_db_0 ($$) {
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my $info = shift;
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my $file = shift;
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my $timestamp_sec = $info->[1];
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print $file "$timestamp_sec\n";
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foreach my $dir (@{${@$info}[3]}) {
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print $file "${%$dir}{'dev'} ";
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print $file "${%$dir}{'ino'} ";
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print $file "${%$dir}{'name'}\n";
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foreach my $dir (@{$info->[3]}) {
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if ($dir->{'nfs'}) {
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print $file '+'
|
||||
}
|
||||
print $file "$dir->{'dev'} ";
|
||||
print $file "$dir->{'ino'} ";
|
||||
print $file "$dir->{'name'}\n";
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -226,19 +390,22 @@ sub write_incr_db_0 ($$) {
|
||||
sub write_incr_db_1 ($$) {
|
||||
my $info = shift;
|
||||
my $file = shift;
|
||||
|
||||
print $file "GNU tar-1.15-1\n";
|
||||
|
||||
print $file $info->[4];
|
||||
|
||||
my $timestamp_sec = $info->[1];
|
||||
my $timestamp_nsec = $info->[2];
|
||||
print $file "$timestamp_sec $timestamp_nsec\n";
|
||||
|
||||
foreach my $dir (@{${@$info}[3]}) {
|
||||
print $file "${%$dir}{'timestamp_sec'} ";
|
||||
print $file "${%$dir}{'timestamp_nsec'} ";
|
||||
print $file "${%$dir}{'dev'} ";
|
||||
print $file "${%$dir}{'ino'} ";
|
||||
print $file "${%$dir}{'name'}\n";
|
||||
foreach my $dir (@{$info->[3]}) {
|
||||
if ($dir->{'nfs'}) {
|
||||
print $file '+'
|
||||
}
|
||||
print $file "$dir->{'timestamp_sec'} ";
|
||||
print $file "$dir->{'timestamp_nsec'} ";
|
||||
print $file "$dir->{'dev'} ";
|
||||
print $file "$dir->{'ino'} ";
|
||||
print $file "$dir->{'name'}\n";
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -246,22 +413,22 @@ sub write_incr_db_1 ($$) {
|
||||
sub write_incr_db_2 ($$) {
|
||||
my $info = shift;
|
||||
my $file = shift;
|
||||
|
||||
print $file "GNU tar-1.16-2\n";
|
||||
|
||||
print $file $info->[4];
|
||||
|
||||
my $timestamp_sec = $info->[1];
|
||||
my $timestamp_nsec = $info->[2];
|
||||
print $file $timestamp_sec . "\0";
|
||||
print $file $timestamp_nsec . "\0";
|
||||
|
||||
foreach my $dir (@{${@$info}[3]}) {
|
||||
print $file ${%$dir}{'nfs'} . "\0";
|
||||
print $file ${%$dir}{'timestamp_sec'} . "\0";
|
||||
print $file ${%$dir}{'timestamp_nsec'} . "\0";
|
||||
print $file ${%$dir}{'dev'} . "\0";
|
||||
print $file ${%$dir}{'ino'} . "\0";
|
||||
print $file ${%$dir}{'name'} . "\0";
|
||||
foreach my $dirent (@{${%$dir}{'dirents'}}) {
|
||||
foreach my $dir (@{$info->[3]}) {
|
||||
print $file $dir->{'nfs'} . "\0";
|
||||
print $file $dir->{'timestamp_sec'} . "\0";
|
||||
print $file $dir->{'timestamp_nsec'} . "\0";
|
||||
print $file $dir->{'dev'} . "\0";
|
||||
print $file $dir->{'ino'} . "\0";
|
||||
print $file $dir->{'name'} . "\0";
|
||||
foreach my $dirent (@{$dir->{'dirents'}}) {
|
||||
print $file $dirent . "\0";
|
||||
}
|
||||
print $file "\0";
|
||||
@@ -271,9 +438,10 @@ sub write_incr_db_2 ($$) {
|
||||
## main
|
||||
|
||||
sub main {
|
||||
our ($opt_b, $opt_r, $opt_h);
|
||||
getopts('br:h');
|
||||
HELP_MESSAGE() if ($opt_h || $#ARGV == -1 || ($opt_b && !$opt_r));
|
||||
our ($opt_b, $opt_r, $opt_h, $opt_c);
|
||||
getopts('br:hc');
|
||||
HELP_MESSAGE() if ($opt_h || $#ARGV == -1 || ($opt_b && !$opt_r) ||
|
||||
($opt_r && $opt_c) );
|
||||
|
||||
my @repl;
|
||||
if ($opt_r) {
|
||||
@@ -292,22 +460,38 @@ sub main {
|
||||
|
||||
replace_device_number($info, @repl);
|
||||
write_incr_db($info, $snapfile);
|
||||
} elsif ($opt_c) {
|
||||
check_field_values($info);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
show_device_counts($info, $snapfile);
|
||||
show_device_counts($info);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
sub HELP_MESSAGE {
|
||||
print "Usage: tar-snapshot-edit.pl [-r 'DEV1-DEV2[,DEV3-DEV4...]' [-b]] SNAPFILE [SNAPFILE [..]]\n";
|
||||
print "\n";
|
||||
print " Without -r, summarize the 'device' values in each SNAPFILE.\n";
|
||||
print "\n";
|
||||
print " With -r, replace occurrences of DEV1 with DEV2 in each SNAPFILE.\n";
|
||||
print " DEV1 and DEV2 may be specified in hex (e.g., 0xfe01), decimal (e.g.,\n";
|
||||
print " 65025), or MAJ:MIN (e.g., 254:1). To replace multiple occurrences,\n";
|
||||
print " separate them with commas. If -b is also specified, backup\n";
|
||||
print " files (ending with '~') will be created.\n";
|
||||
print <<EOF;
|
||||
|
||||
Usage:
|
||||
tar-snapshot-edit SNAPFILE [SNAPFILE [...]]
|
||||
tar-snapshot-edit -r 'DEV1-DEV2[,DEV3-DEV4...]' [-b] SNAPFILE [SNAPFILE [...]]
|
||||
tar-snapshot-edit -c SNAPFILE [SNAPFILE [...]]
|
||||
|
||||
With no options specified: print a summary of the 'device' values
|
||||
found in each SNAPFILE.
|
||||
|
||||
With -r: replace occurrences of DEV1 with DEV2 in each SNAPFILE.
|
||||
DEV1 and DEV2 may be specified in hex (e.g., 0xfe01), decimal (e.g.,
|
||||
65025), or MAJ:MIN (e.g., 254:1). To replace multiple occurrences,
|
||||
separate them with commas. If -b is also specified, backup files
|
||||
(ending with '~') will be created.
|
||||
|
||||
With -c: Check the field values in each SNAPFILE and print warning
|
||||
messages if any invalid values are found. (An invalid value is one
|
||||
that would cause \"tar\" to generate an
|
||||
Unexpected field value in snapshot file
|
||||
error message as it processed the snapshot file.)
|
||||
|
||||
EOF
|
||||
exit 1;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user