Skip long types tests in -short mode

I added checks against testing.Short for tests that took longer than
about one second on my machine. Running with -short reduces the test
time of types from about 21s to about 1.9s with the race detector
enabled. With the race detector disabled, the timing difference is about
1.0s to about 0.3s.

types/part_set_test.go

@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ const (
 )
 
 func TestBasicPartSet(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping test in short mode")
+	}
+
 	// Construct random data of size partSize * 100
 	nParts := 100
 	data := tmrand.Bytes(testPartSize * nParts)
@@ -64,6 +68,10 @@ func TestBasicPartSet(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestWrongProof(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping test in short mode")
+	}
+
 	// Construct random data of size partSize * 100
 	data := tmrand.Bytes(testPartSize * 100)
 	partSet := NewPartSetFromData(data, testPartSize)
@@ -89,6 +97,10 @@ func TestWrongProof(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestPartSetHeaderValidateBasic(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping test in short mode")
+	}
+
 	testCases := []struct {
 		testName              string
 		malleatePartSetHeader func(*PartSetHeader)
@@ -110,6 +122,10 @@ func TestPartSetHeaderValidateBasic(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestPartValidateBasic(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping test in short mode")
+	}
+
 	testCases := []struct {
 		testName     string
 		malleatePart func(*Part)

types/validator_set_test.go

@@ -1207,6 +1207,10 @@ func applyChangesToValSet(t *testing.T, expErr error, valSet *ValidatorSet, vals
 }
 
 func TestValSetUpdatePriorityOrderTests(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping test in short mode")
+	}
+
 	const nMaxElections int32 = 5000
 
 	testCases := []testVSetCfg{